Penembakan Trayvon Martin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Penembakan Trayvon Martin
	Peta Sanford, Florida
Tanggal	26 Februari 2012
Waktu	7:09 p.m. EST (mulai); 7:16 p.m. (telepon polisi); 7:17 p.m. (polisi sampai); 7:30 p.m. (Martin dinyatakan meninggal)
Lokasi	The Retreat at Twin Lakes; di Sanford, Florida, AS; (Lihat tampak udara tempat tersebut.)
Koordinat	28°47′35″N 81°19′47″W / 28.79295°N 81.32965°W
Peserta/Pihak terlibat	George Zimmerman (penembak)
Tewas	Trayvon Martin
Cedera	Fractured nose, lacerations to the back of the head. (Zimmerman)
Tuntutan	Pembunuhan tingkat-kedua,
Putusan	Not guilty

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Revisi terkini sejak 20 Januari 2024 05.38

Pada tanggal 26 Februari 2012, George Zimmerman menembak dan membunuh Trayvon Martin, seorang remaja SMA Afrika-Amerika berusia 17 tahun, di Sanford, Florida, Amerika Serikat. George, pria berusia 28 tahun dari ras campuran (kulit putih, Afrika-Peru)^[2] adalah seorang semacam petugas siskamling ketika Trayvon datang mengunjungi saudaranya.^[3]^[4]^[5] George menembak Trayvon, yang tidak bersenjata, ketika terlibat perkelahian dengannya. George yang terluka mengklaim melakukan bela diri dalam penembakan tersebut.

Di dalam pengadilan yang banyak diliput media, George dikenai dakwaan pembunuhan atas Trayvon, namun dibebaskan oleh pengadilan atas dasar pembelaan bela diri.

Pihak yang terlibat

Trayvon Martin

Trayvon Benjamin Martin adalah anak dari Sybrina Fulton dan Tracy Martin, yang bercerai tahun 1999. Ia merupakan pelajar SMA di Dr. Michael M. Krop High School dan tinggal dengan ibu dan kakak laki-lakinya di Miami Gardens, Florida.^[6]^[7]^[8] Pada hari ia ditembak hingga tewas, ia dan ayahnya mengunjungi calon istri ayahnya dan anaknya di rumah perempuan tersebut di Sanford, Florida. Ia tinggal di kompleks perumahan The Retreat at Twin Lakes yang sering dikunjungi Trayvon sebelumnya.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Menurut hasil otopsi, Treyvon memiliki tinggi 1,9 meter, dengan berat 72 kg pada waktu ia meninggal.^[12]

George Zimmerman

George Michael Zimmerman lahir di Manassas, Virginia^[13] merupakan anak dari Gladys (née Mesa) Zimmerman, yang lahir di Peru,^[2] dan Robert Zimmerman, seorang magistrat dari Virginia.^[14] Pada waktu penembakan, George bekerja sebagai penyelidik penipuan asuransi.^[2] Ia sedang berkuliah di jurusan hukum kriminal di Seminole State College.^[15] Dalam wawancara dengan polisi, ia berkata bahwa ia ingin menjadi hakim.^[16]

Pada waktu ia ditahan, tanggal 11 April, George dilaporkan memiliki tinggi 1,7 m dan berat 84 kg.^[17] Beratnya dicatat 91 kg, pada tanggal 26 Juni ketika ia menembak Trayvon.^[18]

George dan istrinya tinggal di The Retreat at Twin Lakes sejak 2009.^[9]^[19]

Departemen Polisi Sanford

Bill Lee adalah kepala Departemen Polisi Sanford (DPS) selama 10 bulan sebelumnya.^[20] Sebelum Bill menjadi kepala polisi, DPS telah dituduh melindungi anggota keluarga polisi yang terlibat insiden kekerasan dengan orang berkulit hitam. Kasus Trayvon Martin meningkatkan ketidakpercayaan orang kulit hitam terhadap DPS.^{[butuh rujukan]}

Pada tanggal 22 Maret, Bill sementara mengundurkan diri dari posisinya karena kritik publik terhadap caranya menangani kasus penembakan ini.^[20] Pada bulan April, Kota Sanford menolak pengunduran dirinya dan menyatakan bahwa catatannya bersih. Namun akhirnya ia dipecat pada tanggal 20 Juni.^[21]^[22]

Pada bulan September, TV lokal memberitakan bahwa kepala polisi sementara, Richard Myers, menyalahkan juru bicara departemen polisi yang salah menangani kasus tersebut, dan memecatnya.^[23]

Latar belakang penembakan

The Retreat at Twin Lakes adalah kompleks perumahan dengan 260 unit rumah di Sanford, Florida.^[24]^[25] Perumahan tersebut terdiri dari 49% kulit putih, 23% Hispanik, 20% kulit hitam, dan 5% Asia.^[26] George Zimmerman dan Tracy Martin (ayah Treyvon) memiliki calon istri yang menyewa rumah di komplesk tersebut.^[11] Martin had been staying with his father's fiancée at The Retreat.^[10]

Di kawasan tersebut memiliki cukup banyak sejarah kejahatan. Dari 2011 hingga 2012, terdapat 400-an panggilan ke polisi,^[26] 8 perampokan rumah, 9 pencurian, dan 1 penembakan.^[27] Oleh karena itu, kompleks tersebut memiliki atmosfer kriminal yang cukup tinggi.^[2]

Sejak bulan September 2011, penduduk komples perumahan membuat semacam pos ronda. George dipilih sebagai koordinator program.^[5]^[28] George menelepon polisi sekitar 50 kali antara tahun 2004 hingga 2012.^[26]^[27]^[29]

Setelah ada perampokan di kompleks tersebut tahun 2011, George semakin sering menelpon polisi untuk melaporkan aktivitas mencurigakan.^[9]^[27] Dalam setiap telepon ke polisi tersebut, semua orang yang ia laporkan adalah pria kulit hitam.^[30]^[31]^[32]^{[Note 1]}

George memiliki izin untuk membawa pistol sejak November 2009.^[2]^[26]

Catatan

^ Police Event Reports for calls made by Zimmerman (911 and non-emergency)

Referensi

^ Simon, Mallory; Hanna, Jason (April 11, 2012). "Zimmerman charged with second-degree murder". CNN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-14. Diakses tanggal April 11, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Francescani, Chris (April 25, 2012). "George Zimmerman: Prelude to a shooting". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-03-19. Diakses tanggal 2020-07-01.
^ Prieto, Bianca (March 14, 2012). "Trayvon Martin: 'We are gathered here today to demand justice' in teen's fatal shooting". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal March 20, 2012.
^ Hamacher, Brian; Orkin Emmanuel, Lisa (April 13, 2012). "George Zimmerman Makes First Appearance Before Judge". WTVJ. Diakses tanggal April 21, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Robertson, Campbell; Schwartz, John (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin death spotlights neighborhood watch groups". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2012.
^ Burch, Audra D. S.; Laura Isensee (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin: a typical teen who loved video games, looked forward to prom". Miami Herald. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
^ Prieto, Bianca; Robert Nolin (March 17, 2012). "Tensions still simmer in Trayvon Martin shooting case". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-09-21. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
^ Odzer, Ari. "Krop Senior High Students Honor Fallen Classmate Trayvon Martin With "Chain of Life"." WTVJ. Tuesday March 27, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c DeGregory, Lane (March 25, 2012). "Trayvon Martin's killing shatters safety within Retreat at Twin Lakes in Sanford". Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal March 29, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Police: Trayvon Martin's Death Ultimately Avoidable". CNN. May 17, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 15, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Reporting Trayvon". Columbia Journalism Review. April 2, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2012.
^ "A review of the evidence released in the Trayvon Martin case". Tampa Bay Times. May 17, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012.
^ "Trayvon Martin Shooting Fast Facts". CNN. June 25, 2013. Diakses tanggal July 12, 2013.
^ Manuel Roig-Franzia; Tom Jackman; Darryl Fears (March 22, 2012). "Who is George Zimmerman?". The Washington Post. Diakses tanggal March 24, 2012.
^ Robles, Frances (August 9, 2012). "Records show George Zimmerman got D's in criminal justice classes". Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2013.
^ Alvarez, Lizette; Williams, Timothy (June 21, 2012). "Documents Tell Zimmerman's Side in Martin Case". The New York Times.
^ Seminole County Sheriff's Office, "Zimmerman, George Michael" Diarsipkan April 25, 2012, di Wayback Machine., Inmate Booking Information, Public Version, 4 November 2012 20:10. (PDF from Central Florida News 13) (from BBC News)
^ "Documents in the Trayvon Martin Case". The New York Times. May 18, 2012.
^ Rush, Annemarie (March 29, 2012). "A Closer Look At George Zimmerman". InsightOut News. Diakses tanggal March 29, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Stutzman, Rene; Weiner, Jeff (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin case: Sanford Police Chief under fire in Trayvon Martin shooting case". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-04. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
^ Rutland, Meredith (June 20, 2012). "Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee fired in wake of Trayvon Martin case". Miami Herald. Diakses tanggal June 21, 2012.
^ "Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee fired". WOFL. June 20, 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 22, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 20, 2012.
^ "Memo: Sanford police chief blames spokesman for mishandling Trayvon Martin case". WFTV Channel 9 Orlando. September 6, 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-10. Diakses tanggal September 7, 2012.
^ DeLuca, Matthew (March 22, 2012). "Did Trayvon Shooter Abuse 911?". The Daily Beast.
^ Barry, Dan (April 1, 2012). "Race, Tragedy and Outrage Collide After a Shot in Florida". The New York Times.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Robles, Frances (March 17, 2012). "Shooter of Trayvon Martin a habitual caller to cops". Miami Herald. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 15, 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c DeLuca, Matthew. "Did Trayvon shooter abuse 911". The Daily Beast. Diakses tanggal June 28, 2012.
^ Jacobson, Susan. "Trayvon Martin: Trayvon Martin shooter George Zimmerman broke neighborhood watch gun rules". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-09. Diakses tanggal July 7, 2012.
^ Weinstein, Adam (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon shooter's 911 calls: potholes, piles of trash – and black men". Mother Jones.
^ Faussett, Richard (May 18, 2012). "Trayvon Martin and George Zimmerman: a portrait of the Retreat". Los Angeles Times.
^ Hightower, Kyle; Schneider, Mike (June 26, 2013). "Judge in Trayvon Martin case weighs police calls". Associated Press. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-07-01.
^ Isikoff, Michael. "In police calls, Zimmerman mentioned race only when asked". NBC News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal May 8, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 28, 2012.

Pranala luar

Zimmerman Defense websites:
- George Zimmerman's defense team website Diarsipkan 2014-05-17 di Wayback Machine.
Other George Zimmerman legal websites:
- Official website for George Zimmerman's complaint against NBC
Collected news and commentary
- Justice for Trayvon website maintained by GlobalGrind.com
- (Inggris) Trayvon Martin - Berita dan komentar di The New York Times
- Trayvon Martin collected news and commentary at Orlando Sentinel
- Trayvon Martin collected news and commentary at Miami Herald
  - (as archived on May 14, 2013)
- "Kumpulan berita dan komentar tentang Trayvon Martin". The Guardian.
Walk throughs and graphics of events leading up to the shooting:
Other:
- Exclusive: George Zimmerman breaks silence on 'Hannity': Video and transcript
- George Zimmerman Trial and Trayvon Martin Case
- Statement by the President, Barack Obama, July 14, 2013 (day after the verdict)

[33] Police Event Reports for calls made by Zimmerman (911 and non-emergency)

[CNN-charge-1] Simon, Mallory; Hanna, Jason (April 11, 2012). "Zimmerman charged with second-degree murder". CNN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-14. Diakses tanggal April 11, 2012.

[Reuters_prelude-2] Francescani, Chris (April 25, 2012). "George Zimmerman: Prelude to a shooting". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-03-19. Diakses tanggal 2020-07-01.

[Rally-3] Prieto, Bianca (March 14, 2012). "Trayvon Martin: 'We are gathered here today to demand justice' in teen's fatal shooting". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal March 20, 2012.

[4] Hamacher, Brian; Orkin Emmanuel, Lisa (April 13, 2012). "George Zimmerman Makes First Appearance Before Judge". WTVJ. Diakses tanggal April 21, 2012.

[designated_watch-5] Robertson, Campbell; Schwartz, John (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin death spotlights neighborhood watch groups". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2012.

[MiamiHerald-6] Burch, Audra D. S.; Laura Isensee (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin: a typical teen who loved video games, looked forward to prom". Miami Herald. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.

[SCHOOL-7] Prieto, Bianca; Robert Nolin (March 17, 2012). "Tensions still simmer in Trayvon Martin shooting case". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-09-21. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.

[8] Odzer, Ari. "Krop Senior High Students Honor Fallen Classmate Trayvon Martin With "Chain of Life"." WTVJ. Tuesday March 27, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.

[TBT_25March-9] DeGregory, Lane (March 25, 2012). "Trayvon Martin's killing shatters safety within Retreat at Twin Lakes in Sanford". Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal March 29, 2012.

[CNN_avoidable-10] "Police: Trayvon Martin's Death Ultimately Avoidable". CNN. May 17, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 15, 2012.

[cjr_football-11] "Reporting Trayvon". Columbia Journalism Review. April 2, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2012.

[tampa_5_ft._11_in-12] "A review of the evidence released in the Trayvon Martin case". Tampa Bay Times. May 17, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2012.

[13] "Trayvon Martin Shooting Fast Facts". CNN. June 25, 2013. Diakses tanggal July 12, 2013.

[wp-who-14] Manuel Roig-Franzia; Tom Jackman; Darryl Fears (March 22, 2012). "Who is George Zimmerman?". The Washington Post. Diakses tanggal March 24, 2012.

[seminolestate-15] Robles, Frances (August 9, 2012). "Records show George Zimmerman got D's in criminal justice classes". Tampa Bay Times. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2013.

[16] Alvarez, Lizette; Williams, Timothy (June 21, 2012). "Documents Tell Zimmerman's Side in Martin Case". The New York Times.

[zimmbooking-17] Seminole County Sheriff's Office, "Zimmerman, George Michael" Diarsipkan April 25, 2012, di Wayback Machine., Inmate Booking Information, Public Version, 4 November 2012 20:10. (PDF from Central Florida News 13) (from BBC News)

[18] "Documents in the Trayvon Martin Case". The New York Times. May 18, 2012.

[InsightOut-19] Rush, Annemarie (March 29, 2012). "A Closer Look At George Zimmerman". InsightOut News. Diakses tanggal March 29, 2012.

[sentinel-chief-20] Stutzman, Rene; Weiner, Jeff (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon Martin case: Sanford Police Chief under fire in Trayvon Martin shooting case". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-04. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.

[LeeFiredHerald-21] Rutland, Meredith (June 20, 2012). "Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee fired in wake of Trayvon Martin case". Miami Herald. Diakses tanggal June 21, 2012.

[22] "Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee fired". WOFL. June 20, 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 22, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 20, 2012.

[23] "Memo: Sanford police chief blames spokesman for mishandling Trayvon Martin case". WFTV Channel 9 Orlando. September 6, 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-10. Diakses tanggal September 7, 2012.

[policecalls-24] DeLuca, Matthew (March 22, 2012). "Did Trayvon Shooter Abuse 911?". The Daily Beast.

[race_NYT-25] Barry, Dan (April 1, 2012). "Race, Tragedy and Outrage Collide After a Shot in Florida". The New York Times.

[Caller-26] Robles, Frances (March 17, 2012). "Shooter of Trayvon Martin a habitual caller to cops". Miami Herald. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 15, 2013.

[dailybeast_911_calls-27] DeLuca, Matthew. "Did Trayvon shooter abuse 911". The Daily Beast. Diakses tanggal June 28, 2012.

[gunrules-28] Jacobson, Susan. "Trayvon Martin: Trayvon Martin shooter George Zimmerman broke neighborhood watch gun rules". Orlando Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-09. Diakses tanggal July 7, 2012.

[29] Weinstein, Adam (March 22, 2012). "Trayvon shooter's 911 calls: potholes, piles of trash – and black men". Mother Jones.

[portraiture-30] Faussett, Richard (May 18, 2012). "Trayvon Martin and George Zimmerman: a portrait of the Retreat". Los Angeles Times.

[31] Hightower, Kyle; Schneider, Mike (June 26, 2013). "Judge in Trayvon Martin case weighs police calls". Associated Press. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-07-01.

[nbc_7_calls-32] Isikoff, Michael. "In police calls, Zimmerman mentioned race only when asked". NBC News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal May 8, 2012. Diakses tanggal June 28, 2012.

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[Note 1]

@@ Baris 22: / Baris 22: @@
 | coroner =
 | suspects =
-| charges = [[Pembunuhan (hukum Amerika Serikat)|Pembunuhan tingkat-kedua]],<ref name="CNN-charge">{{cite news|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/04/11/prosecutor-to-announce-decision-on-zimmerman/|title=Zimmerman charged with second-degree murder|date=April 11, 2012|publisher=CNN|accessdate=April 11, 2012 |first1=Mallory |last1=Simon |first2=Jason |last2=Hanna}}</ref>
+| charges = [[Pembunuhan (hukum Amerika Serikat)|Pembunuhan tingkat-kedua]],<ref name="CNN-charge">{{cite news|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/04/11/prosecutor-to-announce-decision-on-zimmerman/|title=Zimmerman charged with second-degree murder|date=April 11, 2012|publisher=CNN|accessdate=April 11, 2012|first1=Mallory|last1=Simon|first2=Jason|last2=Hanna|archive-date=2021-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314192111/https://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/04/11/prosecutor-to-announce-decision-on-zimmerman/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 | verdict = Not guilty
 | convictions =
@@ Baris 32: / Baris 32: @@
 }}
-Pada tanggal 26 Februari 2012, [[George Zimmerman]] menembak dan membunuh [[Trayvon Martin]], seorang remaja SMA [[Afrika-Amerika]] berusia 17 tahun, di [[Sanford, Florida|Sanford]], [[Florida]], Amerika Serikat. George, pria berusia 28 tahun dari ras campuran (kulit putih, Afrika-Peru)<ref name="Reuters prelude" />
+Pada tanggal 26 Februari 2012, [[George Zimmerman]] menembak dan membunuh [[Trayvon Martin]], seorang remaja SMA [[Afrika-Amerika]] berusia 17 tahun, di [[Sanford, Florida|Sanford]], [[Florida]], [[Amerika Serikat]]. George, pria berusia 28 tahun dari ras campuran (kulit putih, Afrika-Peru)<ref name="Reuters prelude" />
-adalah seorang semacam petugas [[siskamling]] ketika Trayvon datang mengunjungi saudaranya.<ref name="Rally">{{cite news| url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-14/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-death-rally-20120314_1_demand-justice-fatal-shooting-bryant|title=Trayvon Martin: 'We are gathered here today to demand justice' in teen's fatal shooting|last=Prieto|first=Bianca|date=March 14, 2012|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|accessdate=March 20, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hamacher |first1=Brian |first2=Lisa |last2=Orkin Emmanuel|url=http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/George-Zimmerman-to-Make-First-Appearance-Before-Judge-Thursday-147134515.html |title=George Zimmerman Makes First Appearance Before Judge |publisher=[[WTVJ]] |date=April 13, 2012 |accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref><ref name="designated watch">{{cite news|title=Trayvon Martin death spotlights neighborhood watch groups|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/23/us/trayvon-martin-death-spotlights-neighborhood-watch-groups.html?_r=1|work=The New York Times|accessdate=June 23, 2012|first1=Campbell|last1=Robertson|first2=John|last2=Schwartz|date=March 22, 2012}}</ref>
+adalah seorang semacam petugas [[siskamling]] ketika Trayvon datang mengunjungi saudaranya.<ref name="Rally">{{cite news|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-14/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-death-rally-20120314_1_demand-justice-fatal-shooting-bryant|title=Trayvon Martin: 'We are gathered here today to demand justice' in teen's fatal shooting|last=Prieto|first=Bianca|date=March 14, 2012|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|accessdate=March 20, 2012|archive-date=2012-07-07|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707204417/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-14/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-death-rally-20120314_1_demand-justice-fatal-shooting-bryant|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hamacher |first1=Brian |first2=Lisa |last2=Orkin Emmanuel|url=http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/George-Zimmerman-to-Make-First-Appearance-Before-Judge-Thursday-147134515.html |title=George Zimmerman Makes First Appearance Before Judge |publisher=[[WTVJ]] |date=April 13, 2012 |accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref><ref name="designated watch">{{cite news|title=Trayvon Martin death spotlights neighborhood watch groups|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/23/us/trayvon-martin-death-spotlights-neighborhood-watch-groups.html?_r=1|work=The New York Times|accessdate=June 23, 2012|first1=Campbell|last1=Robertson|first2=John|last2=Schwartz|date=March 22, 2012}}</ref>
 George menembak Trayvon, yang tidak bersenjata, ketika terlibat perkelahian dengannya. George yang terluka mengklaim melakukan [[pertahanan diri|bela diri]] dalam penembakan tersebut.
@@ Baris 41: / Baris 41: @@
 ===Trayvon Martin===
 {{main|Trayvon Martin}}
+Trayvon Benjamin Martin adalah anak dari Sybrina Fulton dan Tracy Martin, yang bercerai tahun 1999. Ia merupakan pelajar SMA di [[Dr. Michael M. Krop High School]] dan tinggal dengan ibu dan kakak laki-lakinya di [[Miami Gardens, Florida]].<ref name="MiamiHerald">{{cite news|first=Audra D. S.|last=Burch|author2=Laura Isensee |title=Trayvon Martin: a typical teen who loved video games, looked forward to prom|date=March 22, 2012|newspaper=Miami Herald|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/trayvon-martin/article1939761.html|accessdate=March 23, 2012}}</ref><ref name="SCHOOL">{{cite news|last=Prieto|first=Bianca|author2=Robert Nolin|title=Tensions still simmer in Trayvon Martin shooting case|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-17/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-tension-20120317_1_shooting-death-english-teacher-uncle|accessdate=March 23, 2012|newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=March 17, 2012|archive-date=2013-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053810/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-17/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-tension-20120317_1_shooting-death-english-teacher-uncle|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>Odzer, Ari. "[http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Krop-Senior-High-Students-Honor-Fallen-Classmate-Trayvon-Martin-With-Chain-of-Life-144022006.html Krop Senior High Students Honor Fallen Classmate Trayvon Martin With "Chain of Life"]." [[WTVJ]]. Tuesday March 27, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.</ref>
-[[File:TrayvonMartinHooded.jpg|thumb|upright|Foto Trayvon Martin menggunakan [[hoodie]], [[kaus oblong]], dan kalung rantai.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2012-03-28/trayvon-martin-brand/53838756/1|title=Trayvon Martin's case turns into brand|work=USA Today|date=March 28, 2012}}</ref>]]
-Trayvon Benjamin Martin adalah anak dari Sybrina Fulton dan Tracy Martin, yang bercerai tahun 1999. Ia merupakan pelajar SMA di [[Dr. Michael M. Krop High School]] dan tinggal dengan ibu dan kakak laki-lakinya di [[Miami Gardens, Florida]].<ref name="MiamiHerald">{{cite news|first=Audra D. S.|last=Burch|author2=Laura Isensee |title=Trayvon Martin: a typical teen who loved video games, looked forward to prom|date=March 22, 2012|newspaper=Miami Herald|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/trayvon-martin/article1939761.html|accessdate=March 23, 2012}}</ref><ref name="SCHOOL">{{cite news|last=Prieto|first=Bianca|author2=Robert Nolin |title=Tensions still simmer in Trayvon Martin shooting case|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-17/news/os-trayvon-martin-shooting-tension-20120317_1_shooting-death-english-teacher-uncle|accessdate=March 23, 2012|newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=March 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>Odzer, Ari. "[http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Krop-Senior-High-Students-Honor-Fallen-Classmate-Trayvon-Martin-With-Chain-of-Life-144022006.html Krop Senior High Students Honor Fallen Classmate Trayvon Martin With "Chain of Life"]." [[WTVJ]]. Tuesday March 27, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.</ref>
 Pada hari ia ditembak hingga tewas, ia dan ayahnya mengunjungi calon istri ayahnya dan anaknya di rumah perempuan tersebut di Sanford, Florida.
 Ia tinggal di kompleks perumahan [[The Retreat at Twin Lakes]] yang sering dikunjungi Trayvon sebelumnya.<ref name="TBT 25March">{{cite news|last=DeGregory|first=Lane|title=Trayvon Martin's killing shatters safety within Retreat at Twin Lakes in Sanford|url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/trayvon-martins-killing-shatters-safety-within-retreat-at-twin-lakes-in/1221799|accessdate=March 29, 2012|newspaper=Tampa Bay Times|date=March 25, 2012}}</ref><ref name="CNN avoidable">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/17/justice/florida-teen-shooting |title=Police: Trayvon Martin's Death Ultimately Avoidable|publisher=CNN |date=May 17, 2012|accessdate=June 15, 2012}}</ref><ref name="cjr football">{{cite journal|title=Reporting Trayvon|url=http://www.cjr.org/behind_the_news/reporting_trayvon.php?page=all|journal=Columbia Journalism Review |date=April 2, 2012 |accessdate=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
@@ Baris 61: / Baris 59: @@
 === Departemen Polisi Sanford ===
-Bill Lee adalah kepala Departemen Polisi Sanford (DPS) selama 10 bulan sebelumnya.<ref name="sentinel-chief">{{cite news |url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-22/news/os-trayvon-martin-sanford-chief-20120322_1_chief-bill-lee-miami-teenager-investigation|title=Trayvon Martin case: Sanford Police Chief under fire in Trayvon Martin shooting case|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|accessdate=March 23, 2012 |date=March 22, 2012 |first1=Rene |last1=Stutzman |first2=Jeff |last2=Weiner}}</ref>
+Bill Lee adalah kepala Departemen Polisi Sanford (DPS) selama 10 bulan sebelumnya.<ref name="sentinel-chief">{{cite news |url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-22/news/os-trayvon-martin-sanford-chief-20120322_1_chief-bill-lee-miami-teenager-investigation |title=Trayvon Martin case: Sanford Police Chief under fire in Trayvon Martin shooting case |work=[[Orlando Sentinel]] |accessdate=March 23, 2012 |date=March 22, 2012 |first1=Rene |last1=Stutzman |first2=Jeff |last2=Weiner |archive-date=2013-01-04 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104110801/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-22/news/os-trayvon-martin-sanford-chief-20120322_1_chief-bill-lee-miami-teenager-investigation |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 Sebelum Bill menjadi kepala polisi, DPS telah dituduh melindungi anggota keluarga polisi yang terlibat insiden kekerasan dengan orang berkulit hitam. Kasus Trayvon Martin meningkatkan ketidakpercayaan orang kulit hitam terhadap DPS.{{cn|date=October 2019}}
@@ Baris 74: / Baris 72: @@
 George Zimmerman dan Tracy Martin (ayah Treyvon) memiliki calon istri yang menyewa rumah di komplesk tersebut.<ref name="cjr football" /> Martin had been staying with his father's fiancée at The Retreat.<ref name="CNN avoidable" />
-Di kawasan tersebut memiliki cukup banyak sejarah kejahatan. Dari 2011 hingga 2012, terdapat 400-an panggilan ke polisi,<ref name="Caller"/> 8 perampokan rumah, 9 pencurian, dan 1 penembakan.<ref name="dailybeast 911 calls">{{cite web|last=DeLuca|first=Matthew|title=Did Trayvon shooter abuse 911|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/03/23/did-trayvon-shooter-abuse-911.html |publisher=The Daily Beast |accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Oleh karena itu, kompleks tersebut memiliki atmosfir kriminal yang cukup tinggi.<ref name="Reuters prelude"/>
+Di kawasan tersebut memiliki cukup banyak sejarah kejahatan. Dari 2011 hingga 2012, terdapat 400-an panggilan ke polisi,<ref name="Caller"/> 8 perampokan rumah, 9 pencurian, dan 1 penembakan.<ref name="dailybeast 911 calls">{{cite web|last=DeLuca|first=Matthew|title=Did Trayvon shooter abuse 911|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/03/23/did-trayvon-shooter-abuse-911.html |publisher=The Daily Beast |accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Oleh karena itu, kompleks tersebut memiliki atmosfer kriminal yang cukup tinggi.<ref name="Reuters prelude"/>
-Sejak bulan September 2011, penduduk komples perumahan membuat semacam [[pos ronda]]. George dipilih sebagai koordinator program.<ref name="designated watch"/><ref name="gunrules">{{cite news |last=Jacobson|first=Susan|title=Trayvon Martin: Trayvon Martin shooter George Zimmerman broke neighborhood watch gun rules|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-24/news/os-trayvon-martin-neighborhood-watch-20120321_1_zimmerman-community-ties-neighborhood-watch|work=Orlando Sentinel|accessdate=July 7, 2012}}</ref> George menelepon polisi sekitar 50 kali antara tahun 2004 hingga 2012.<ref name="Caller"/><ref name="dailybeast 911 calls"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Weinstein|first=Adam|title=Trayvon shooter's 911 calls: potholes, piles of trash – and black men|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/trayvon-shooters-911-calls-potholes-piles-trash-black-men|newspaper=Mother Jones|date=March 22, 2012}}</ref>
+Sejak bulan September 2011, penduduk komples perumahan membuat semacam [[pos ronda]]. George dipilih sebagai koordinator program.<ref name="designated watch"/><ref name="gunrules">{{cite news|last=Jacobson|first=Susan|title=Trayvon Martin: Trayvon Martin shooter George Zimmerman broke neighborhood watch gun rules|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-24/news/os-trayvon-martin-neighborhood-watch-20120321_1_zimmerman-community-ties-neighborhood-watch|work=Orlando Sentinel|accessdate=July 7, 2012|archive-date=2012-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609072825/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-03-24/news/os-trayvon-martin-neighborhood-watch-20120321_1_zimmerman-community-ties-neighborhood-watch|dead-url=yes}}</ref> George menelepon polisi sekitar 50 kali antara tahun 2004 hingga 2012.<ref name="Caller"/><ref name="dailybeast 911 calls"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Weinstein|first=Adam|title=Trayvon shooter's 911 calls: potholes, piles of trash – and black men|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/trayvon-shooters-911-calls-potholes-piles-trash-black-men|newspaper=Mother Jones|date=March 22, 2012}}</ref>
 Setelah ada perampokan di kompleks tersebut tahun 2011, George semakin sering menelpon polisi untuk melaporkan aktivitas mencurigakan.<ref name="TBT 25March"/><ref name="dailybeast 911 calls"/>
-Dalam setiap telepon ke polisi tersebut, semua orang yang ia laporkan adalah [[orang kulit hitam|pria kulit hitam]].<ref name=portraiture>{{cite news|last=Faussett|first=Richard|title=Trayvon Martin and George Zimmerman: a portrait of the Retreat|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/18/nation/la-na-nn-zimmerman-hoa-newsletters-20120518|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=May 18, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Hightower|first=Kyle|last2=Schneider|first2=Mike|title=Judge in Trayvon Martin case weighs police calls|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/prosecutors-want-admit-calls-zimmerman-trial|publisher=Associated Press|date=June 26, 2013}}</ref><ref name="nbc 7 calls">{{cite news|last=Isikoff|first=Michael|title=In police calls, Zimmerman mentioned race only when asked|url=http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/04/05/11045284-in-police-calls-zimmerman-mentioned-race-only-when-asked?lite|publisher=NBC News|accessdate=June 28, 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508032605/http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/04/05/11045284-in-police-calls-zimmerman-mentioned-race-only-when-asked?lite|archivedate=May 8, 2012}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|[http://www.wagist.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/911CallHistory.pdf Police Event Reports for calls made by Zimmerman (911 and non-emergency)]|group="Note"}}
+Dalam setiap telepon ke polisi tersebut, semua orang yang ia laporkan adalah [[orang kulit hitam|pria kulit hitam]].<ref name=portraiture>{{cite news|last=Faussett|first=Richard|title=Trayvon Martin and George Zimmerman: a portrait of the Retreat|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/18/nation/la-na-nn-zimmerman-hoa-newsletters-20120518|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=May 18, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Hightower|first=Kyle|last2=Schneider|first2=Mike|title=Judge in Trayvon Martin case weighs police calls|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/prosecutors-want-admit-calls-zimmerman-trial|publisher=Associated Press|date=June 26, 2013|access-date=2020-07-01|archive-date=2013-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010151254/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/prosecutors-want-admit-calls-zimmerman-trial|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="nbc 7 calls">{{cite news|last=Isikoff|first=Michael|title=In police calls, Zimmerman mentioned race only when asked|url=http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/04/05/11045284-in-police-calls-zimmerman-mentioned-race-only-when-asked?lite|publisher=NBC News|accessdate=June 28, 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508032605/http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/04/05/11045284-in-police-calls-zimmerman-mentioned-race-only-when-asked?lite|archivedate=May 8, 2012}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|[http://www.wagist.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/911CallHistory.pdf Police Event Reports for calls made by Zimmerman (911 and non-emergency)]|group="Note"}}
 George memiliki izin untuk membawa [[pistol]] sejak November 2009.<ref name="Reuters prelude" /><ref name="Caller" />
@@ Baris 117: / Baris 115: @@
 {{Commons category}}
 * '''Zimmerman Defense websites:'''
-** [http://gzlegalcase.com/ George Zimmerman's defense team website]
+** [http://gzlegalcase.com/ George Zimmerman's defense team website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517105218/http://gzlegalcase.com/ |date=2014-05-17 }}
 * '''Other George Zimmerman legal websites:'''
 ** [https://web.archive.org/web/20140708051654/http://www.gzvnbc.com/ Official website for George Zimmerman's complaint against NBC]
@@ Baris 135: / Baris 133: @@
 ** [https://web.archive.org/web/20120719162310/http://www.foxnews.com/on-air/hannity/2012/07/18/exclusive-george-zimmerman-breaks-silence-hannity?intcmp=related Exclusive: George Zimmerman breaks silence on 'Hannity': Video and transcript]
 ** [http://www.cbsnews.com/george-zimmerman-trial-trayvon-martin-case/ George Zimmerman Trial and Trayvon Martin Case]
-** [https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/07/14/statement-president Statement by the President], Barack Obama, July 14, 2013 (day after the verdict)
+** [https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/07/14/statement-president Statement by the President], [[Barack Obama]], July 14, 2013 (day after [[The Verdict|the verdict]])
 {{Black Lives Matter}}