Masjid Al-Azhar

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang masjid di Mesir. Untuk masjid di Jakarta, Indonesia, lihat Masjid Al-Azhar Jakarta.

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Al-Azhar.

Masjid Al-Azhar
الجامع الأزهر
Agama
Afiliasi	Islam
Provinsi	Kairo
Lokasi
Lokasi	Kairo
Negara	Mesir
Arsitektur
Tipe	Masjid
Gaya arsitektur	Fatimiyah
Didirikan	972 (972)
Spesifikasi
Kapasitas	20,000
Kubah	3
Menara	4

Masjid Al-Azhar (bahasa Arab: الجامع الأزهر, translit. al-Jāmiʿ al-ʾAzhar, har. 'Masjid Menawan', bahasa Arab Mesir: جامع الأزهر), atau lebih yang dikenal dengan Kompleks Masjid Al-Azhar, adalah sebuah kompleks masjid dan universitas yang berada di kota Kairo, Provinsi Kairo, Mesir. Masjid ini dibangun atas perintah Jawhar al-Siqilli, tak lama setelah Kairo didirikan sebagai ibu kota baru Kekhalifahan Fathimiyah pada tahun 970. Masjid ini merupakan masjid pertama yang didirikan di Kairo. Nama masjid ini biasanya dianggap berasal dari kata az-Zahrāʾ ("yang bersinar"), gelar yang diberikan kepada Fatimah az-Zahra, putri Nabi Muhammad.

Namun setelah peresmiannya pada tahun 972, dan dengan pengangkatan 35 ulama oleh otoritas masjid pada tahun 989, masjid ini perlahan berkembang dan ditandai dengan adanya universitas tertua kedua di dunia, Universitas Al-Azhar. Universitas ini telah lama dianggap sebagai lembaga terkemuka di dunia Islam untuk studi teologi Sunni dan syariat Islam.

Lihat pula

• Universitas Al-Azhar

Pranala luar

• Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2 
• Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid; Amirpur, Katajun; Setiawan, Mohamad Nur Kholis (2006), Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 978-90-5356-828-6 
• Aburish, Said K. (2004), Nasser, the Last Arab, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-28683-5 
• Asprey, Robert B. (2000), The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, Basic Books, ISBN 978-0-465-04881-6 
• Barraclough, Steven (1998), "Al-Azhar: Between the Government and the Islamists", Middle East Journal, Middle East Institute, 52 (2): 236–249, JSTOR 4329188 
• Beattie, Andrew (2005), Cairo: a cultural history, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-517893-7 
• Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (1992), Islamic Architecture in Cairo (edisi ke-2nd), Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-09626-4 
• Binder, Leonard (1988), Islamic liberalism: a critique of development ideologies, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-05147-5 
• Blair, Sheila (2000), "Decorations of city walls in the medieval Islamic world: The epigraphic message", dalam Tracy, James D., City walls: the urban enceinte in global perspective, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-65221-6 
• Bloom, Jonathan (1988), "The Introduction of the Muqarnas into Egypt", dalam Grabar, Oleg, Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture, 5, Brill, hlm. 21–28, ISBN 978-90-04-08647-0 
• Bloom, Jonathan (2007), "Ceremonial and Sacred Space in Early Fatimid Cairo", dalam Bennison, Amira K.; Gascoigne, Alison L., Cities in the pre-modern Islamic world, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-42439-4 
• Brown, Nathan (September 2011), Post-revolutionary al-Azhar (PDF), The Carnegie Papers, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 
• Creswell, K. A. C. (1952), The Muslim Architecture of Egypt I, Ikhshids and Fatimids, A.D. 939–1171, Clarendon Press 
• Creswell, K. A. C. (1959), The Muslim Architecture of Egypt II, Ayyubids and Early Bahrite Mamluks, A.D. 1171–1326, Clarendon Press 
• Daftary, Farhad (1998), A short history of the Ismailis: traditions of a Muslim community, Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 978-1-55876-194-0 
• Dodge, Bayard (1961), Al-Azhar: A Millennium of Muslim learning, Middle East Institute 
• Dwyer, Philip G. (2008), Napoleon: the path to power, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-13754-5 
• Flower, Raymond (1976), Napoleon to Nasser: the story of modern Egypt, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-905562-00-1 
• Goldschmidt, Arthur (2000), Biographical dictionary of modern Egypt, Lynne Rienner Publishers, ISBN 978-1-55587-229-8 
• Ghazzal, Zuhair (2005), "The 'Ulema': Status and Function", dalam Choueiri, Youssef, A companion to the history of the Middle East, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-4051-0681-8 
• Gottheil, Richard (1907), "Al-Azhar The Brilliant: The Spiritual Home of Islam", The Bookman, Dodd, Mead and Company 
• Heyworth-Dunne, James (1938), "Arabic Literature in Egypt in the Eighteenth Century with Some Reference to the Poetry and Poets", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Cambridge University Press, 9 (3): 675–689, doi:10.1017/s0041977x00078447, JSTOR 608229 
• Hitti, Philip Khuri (1973), Capital cities of Arab Islam, University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 978-0-8166-0663-4 
• Holt, Peter Malcolm; Lambton, Ann; Lewis, Bernard, ed. (1977), The Cambridge History of Islam, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29138-5 
• Izre'el, Shlomo; Raz, Shlomo (1996), Studies in modern Semitic languages, Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-10646-8 
• Lulat, Y. G-M. (2005), A history of African higher education from antiquity to the present: a critical synthesis, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 978-0-313-32061-3 
• McGregor, Andrew James (2006), A military history of modern Egypt: from the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-98601-8 
• Petersen, Andrew (2002), Dictionary of Islamic Architecture, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-20387-3 
• Petry, Carl F.; Daly, M. W., ed. (1998), The Cambridge history of Egypt, 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-47137-4 
• Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", dalam Necipogulu, Gulru, Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, 13, Brill, hlm. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8 
• Rahman, Fazlur (1984), Islam & modernity: transformation of an intellectual tradition, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-70284-1 
• Raymond, André (2000), Cairo, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-00316-3 
• Richmond, John C. B. (1977), Egypt, 1798–1952: her advance towards a modern identity, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-416-85660-6 
• Rivoira, Giovanni Teresio; Rushforth, Gordon McNeil (1918), Moslem architecture, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-87817-136-1 
• Russell, Dorothea (1962), Medieval Cairo and the Monasteries of the Wādi Natrūn, Weidenfeld & Nicolson 
• Shillington, Kevin, ed. (2005), Encyclopedia of African history, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-57958-453-5 
• Siddiqi, Muhammad (2007), Arab culture and the novel: genre, identity and agency in Egyptian fiction, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-77260-0 
• Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob (1997), Defining Islam for the Egyptian state: muftis and fatwas of the Dār al-Iftā, Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-10947-6 
• Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, ed. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7 
• Tibi, Bassam (2006), "Egypt as a Model of Development for the World of Islam", dalam Harrison, Lawrence E.; Berger, Peter, Developing cultures: case studies, CRC Press, ISBN 978-0-415-95280-4 
• Viorst, Milton (2001), In the shadow of the Prophet: the struggle for the soul of Islam, Westview Press, ISBN 978-0-8133-3902-3 
• Voll, John Obert (1994), Islam, continuity and change in the modern world: Contemporary issues in the Middle East, Syracuse University Press, ISBN 978-0-8156-2639-8 
• Watson, William E. (2003), Tricolor and crescent: France and the Islamic world; Perspectives on the twentieth century, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-97470-1 
• Williams, Caroline (2002), Islamic Monuments in Cairo, American University in Cairo Press, ISBN 978-977-424-695-1 
• Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0 
• Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5 
• Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (2002), The ulama in contemporary Islam: custodians of change, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-09680-3 
• Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, Cambridge University Press, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217 
• Zeghal, Malika (2007), "The "Recentering" of Religious Knowledge and Discourse: The Case of al-Azhar in Twentieth-Century Egypt", dalam Hefner, Robert W.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim, Schooling Islam: the culture and politics of modern Muslim education, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12933-4