Bahasa Georgia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Bahasa Georgia''' merupakan bahasa utama di [[Georgia]], republik di [[Kaukasia]] |
'''Bahasa Georgia''' merupakan bahasa utama di [[Georgia]], sebuah republik di [[Kaukasia]], dengan jumlah penutur mencapai lebih kurang 4 juta jiwa, yang tersebar masing-masing di [[Georgia]], [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Turki]], dan [[Rusia]]. Bahasa Georgia ditulis dengan huruf ''Mkhedruli''. Bahasa ini adalah bahasa sastra untuk semua subkelompok regional orang Georgia, termasuk mereka yang berbicara bahasa-bahasa Kartvelia lainnya, seperti [[Suku Svan|Svan]], [[Suku Mingrelia|Mingrelia]], dan [[Suku Laz|Laz]]. |
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== Klasifikasi == |
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Bahasa Georgia adalah bahasa Kartvelia yang paling lazim, keluarga yang juga mencakup Svan dan Megrelia (terutama digunakan di Georgia Barat Laut) dan Laz (terutama digunakan di sepanjang pantai Laut Hitam Turki, dari Melyat, Rize, hingga perbatasan Georgia). |
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== Rujukan == |
== Rujukan == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== Bibiliografi == |
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* {{Citation |
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|last=Aronson |
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|first=Howard I. |
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|year=1990 |
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|title=Georgian: a reading grammar |
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|edition=second |
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|publisher=Slavica |
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|place=Columbus, OH |
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}} |
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* Zaza Aleksidze. ''Epistoleta Tsigni'', Tbilisi, 1968, 150 pp (in Georgian) |
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* [[Farshid Delshad]]. ''Georgica et Irano-Semitica'' Studies on Iranian, Semitic and Georgian Linguistics, Wiesbaden 2010, 401 pp (in German, English, Russian and Georgian summary) |
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* Korneli Danelia, Zurab Sarjveladze. ''Questions of Georgian Paleography'', Tbilisi, 1997, 150 pp (in Georgian, English summary) |
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* {{Citation |
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|last=Hewitt |
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|first=B. G. |
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|year=1995 |
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|title=Georgian: a structural reference grammar |
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|publisher=John Benjamins |
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|place=Amsterdam |
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}} |
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* {{Citation |last=Hewitt |first=B. G. |year=1996 |title=Georgian: a Learner's Grammar |publisher=Routledge |place=London }} |
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* [[Pavle Ingorokva]]. Georgian inscriptions of antique.- Bulletin of ENIMK, vol. X, Tbilisi, 1941, pp. 411–427 (in Georgian) |
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* [[Ivane Javakhishvili]]. ''Georgian Paleography'', Tbilisi, 1949, 500 pp (in Georgian) |
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* {{Citation |last1=Jun |first1=Sun-Ah |last2=Vicenik |first2=Chad |last3=Lofstedt |first3=Ingvar |title=Intonational Phonology of Georgian |journal=UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics |issue=106 |pages=41–57 |year=2007 |url=http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/grads/lofstedt/Georgian-intonation-WPP-106.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616101948/http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/grads/lofstedt/Georgian-intonation-WPP-106.pdf |archivedate=2012-06-16 |url-status=dead }} |
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* {{Citation |last=Kiziria |first=Dodona |year=2009 |title=Beginner's Georgian with 2 Audio CDs |
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|publisher=Hippocrene |place=New York |isbn = 978-0-7818-1230-6}} |
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* {{Citation |last=Kraveishvili |first=M. & Nakhutsrishvili, G. |year=1972 |title=Teach Yourself Georgian for English Speaking Georgians |publisher=The Georgian Society for Cultural Relations with Compatriots Abroad |place=Tbilisi }} |
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== Pranala luar == |
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* [http://www.translate.ge Georgian English, English Georgian online dictionary] |
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* [http://czudovo.info/list.php?what=1&ln=ka&in=from_en English-Georgian, German-Georgian and Russian-Georgian dictionaries] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070122120120/http://www.georgianweb.com/language/dictionary/index.html English-Georgian HTML Dictionary] |
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{{InterWiki|code=ka}} |
{{InterWiki|code=ka}} |
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{{ |
{{Bahasa Georgia}} |
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{{Rumpun bahasa Kartvelia}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Georgia, Bahasa}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Georgia, Bahasa}} |
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[[Kategori:Bahasa Georgia| ]] |
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[[Kategori: |
[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Kaukasus Selatan]] |
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[[Kategori:Georgia]] |
[[Kategori:Georgia]] |
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[[ab:Ақырҭ бызшәа]] |
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{{bahasa-stub}} |
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[[af:Georgies]] |
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[[an:Idioma cheorchián]] |
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[[ar:لغة جورجية]] |
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[[arc:ܠܫܢܐ ܓܘܪܓܝܐ]] |
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[[az:Gürcü dili]] |
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[[bat-smg:Grozėnu kalba]] |
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[[be:Грузінская мова]] |
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[[be-x-old:Грузінская мова]] |
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[[bg:Грузински език]] |
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[[bn:জর্জীয় ভাষা]] |
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[[br:Jorjieg]] |
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[[bs:Gruzijski jezik]] |
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[[ca:Georgià]] |
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[[cdo:Gáh-lū-gék-ā-ngṳ̄]] |
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[[ceb:Pinulongang Heyorhiyano]] |
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[[crh:Gürci tili]] |
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[[cs:Gruzínština]] |
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[[cv:Грузин чĕлхи]] |
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[[da:Georgisk (sprog)]] |
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[[de:Georgische Sprache]] |
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[[diq:Gurciki]] |
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[[el:Γεωργιανή γλώσσα]] |
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[[en:Georgian language]] |
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[[eo:Kartvela lingvo]] |
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[[es:Idioma georgiano]] |
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[[et:Gruusia keel]] |
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[[eu:Georgiera]] |
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[[fa:زبان گرجی]] |
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[[fi:Georgian kieli]] |
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[[fo:Georgiskt mál]] |
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[[fr:Géorgien]] |
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[[ga:Seoirsis]] |
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[[gl:Lingua xeorxiana]] |
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[[he:גאורגית]] |
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[[hif:Georgian bhasa]] |
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[[hr:Gruzijski jezik]] |
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[[hu:Grúz nyelv]] |
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[[hy:Վրացերեն]] |
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[[ilo:Pagsasao a Georgiano]] |
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[[is:Georgíska]] |
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[[it:Lingua georgiana]] |
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[[ja:グルジア語]] |
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[[jv:Basa Georgia]] |
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[[ka:ქართული ენა]] |
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[[ko:조지아어]] |
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[[ku:Zimanê gurcî]] |
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[[kv:Грузин кыв]] |
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[[ky:Грузин тили]] |
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[[la:Lingua Georgiana]] |
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[[lez:Къартвел чӀал]] |
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[[li:Georgisch]] |
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[[lt:Gruzinų kalba]] |
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[[lv:Gruzīnu valoda]] |
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[[mdf:Грузинонь кяль]] |
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[[mhr:Грузин йылме]] |
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[[mk:Грузиски јазик]] |
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[[mn:Гүрж хэл]] |
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[[mr:जॉर्जियन भाषा]] |
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[[ms:Bahasa Georgia]] |
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[[mzn:گرجی]] |
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[[nl:Georgisch]] |
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[[nn:Georgisk]] |
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[[no:Georgisk]] |
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[[os:Гуырдзиаг æвзаг]] |
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[[pl:Język gruziński]] |
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[[pms:Lenga georgian-a]] |
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[[pnb:جارجیائی]] |
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[[pt:Língua georgiana]] |
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[[qu:Kartul simi]] |
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[[ro:Limba georgiană]] |
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[[ru:Грузинский язык]] |
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[[sco:Georgie leid]] |
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[[sh:Грузијски језик]] |
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[[simple:Georgian language]] |
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[[sk:Gruzínčina]] |
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[[sl:Gruzinščina]] |
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[[sr:Грузијски језик]] |
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[[sv:Georgiska]] |
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[[sw:Kigeorgia]] |
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[[ta:சியார்சிய மொழி]] |
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[[tg:Забони гурҷӣ]] |
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[[th:ภาษาจอร์เจีย]] |
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[[tl:Wikang Heorhiyano]] |
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[[tr:Gürcüce]] |
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[[udm:Грузин кыл]] |
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[[ug:گرۇزىن تىلى]] |
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[[uk:Грузинська мова]] |
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[[vi:Tiếng Gruzia]] |
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[[xmf:ქორთული ნინა]] |
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[[zh:格鲁吉亚语]] |
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[[zh-min-nan:Gruzia-gí]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 28 Juni 2024 02.46
Bahasa Georgia merupakan bahasa utama di Georgia, sebuah republik di Kaukasia, dengan jumlah penutur mencapai lebih kurang 4 juta jiwa, yang tersebar masing-masing di Georgia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Turki, dan Rusia. Bahasa Georgia ditulis dengan huruf Mkhedruli. Bahasa ini adalah bahasa sastra untuk semua subkelompok regional orang Georgia, termasuk mereka yang berbicara bahasa-bahasa Kartvelia lainnya, seperti Svan, Mingrelia, dan Laz.
Klasifikasi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Bahasa Georgia adalah bahasa Kartvelia yang paling lazim, keluarga yang juga mencakup Svan dan Megrelia (terutama digunakan di Georgia Barat Laut) dan Laz (terutama digunakan di sepanjang pantai Laut Hitam Turki, dari Melyat, Rize, hingga perbatasan Georgia).
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Glanville Price, Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe, p. 80
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, ed. (2023). "Georgia". Glottolog 4.8. Jena, Jerman: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ "Bahasa Georgia". www.ethnologue.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). SIL Ethnologue.
Bibiliografi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Aronson, Howard I. (1990), Georgian: a reading grammar (edisi ke-second), Columbus, OH: Slavica
- Zaza Aleksidze. Epistoleta Tsigni, Tbilisi, 1968, 150 pp (in Georgian)
- Farshid Delshad. Georgica et Irano-Semitica Studies on Iranian, Semitic and Georgian Linguistics, Wiesbaden 2010, 401 pp (in German, English, Russian and Georgian summary)
- Korneli Danelia, Zurab Sarjveladze. Questions of Georgian Paleography, Tbilisi, 1997, 150 pp (in Georgian, English summary)
- Hewitt, B. G. (1995), Georgian: a structural reference grammar, Amsterdam: John Benjamins
- Hewitt, B. G. (1996), Georgian: a Learner's Grammar, London: Routledge
- Pavle Ingorokva. Georgian inscriptions of antique.- Bulletin of ENIMK, vol. X, Tbilisi, 1941, pp. 411–427 (in Georgian)
- Ivane Javakhishvili. Georgian Paleography, Tbilisi, 1949, 500 pp (in Georgian)
- Jun, Sun-Ah; Vicenik, Chad; Lofstedt, Ingvar (2007), "Intonational Phonology of Georgian" (PDF), UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics (106): 41–57, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-06-16
- Kiziria, Dodona (2009), Beginner's Georgian with 2 Audio CDs, New York: Hippocrene, ISBN 978-0-7818-1230-6
- Kraveishvili, M. & Nakhutsrishvili, G. (1972), Teach Yourself Georgian for English Speaking Georgians, Tbilisi: The Georgian Society for Cultural Relations with Compatriots Abroad
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Georgian English, English Georgian online dictionary
- English-Georgian, German-Georgian and Russian-Georgian dictionaries
- English-Georgian HTML Dictionary
Wikipedia juga mempunyai edisi Bahasa Georgia