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|-
|-
|[[Udara]]||589.29||1.000293||<ref name="ref1">{{cite book
|[[Udara]]||589.29||1.000293||<ref name="ref1">{{cite book
| first = Alfred Zajac
|first = Alfred Zajac
| coauthors = Hecht, Eugene; Cummings, Eugene
|coauthors = Hecht, Eugene; Cummings, Eugene
| title = Optics, Fourth Edition
|title = Optics, Fourth Edition
| publisher = Pearson Higher Education
|publisher = Pearson Higher Education
| date = 18 March 2003
|date = 18 March 2003
| isbn = 9780321188786}}</ref>
|isbn = 9780321188786}}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Helium]]||589.29||1.000036||<ref name="ref1"/>
|[[Helium]]||589.29||1.000036||<ref name="ref1"/>
Baris 25: Baris 25:
|-
|-
|[[Karbon dioksida]]||589.29||1.00045||<ref name="ref4">{{cite book
|[[Karbon dioksida]]||589.29||1.00045||<ref name="ref4">{{cite book
| first = Morgan
|first = Morgan
| title = Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics
|title = Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics
| publisher = McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC.
|publisher = McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC.
| date = 1953}}</ref>
|date = 1953}}</ref>
<ref name="ref3">{{cite book
<ref name="ref3">{{cite book
| first = Hodgman
|first = Hodgman
| coauthors = Selby, Weast
|coauthors = Selby, Weast
| title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
|title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
| publisher = Chemical Rubber Publishing Co.
|publisher = Chemical Rubber Publishing Co.
| date = 1957}}</ref>
|date = 1957}}</ref>
<ref name="ref5">{{cite book
<ref name="ref5">{{cite book
| first = Pedrotti
|first = Pedrotti
| coauthors = Pedrotti, Pedrotti | title = Introduction to Optics, Third Edition
|coauthors = Pedrotti, Pedrotti |title = Introduction to Optics, Third Edition
| publisher = Pearson Prentice Hall
|publisher = Pearson Prentice Hall
| page = 221
|page = 221
| date = 2007
|date = 2007
| isbn = 0-13-149933-5 }}</ref>
|isbn = 0-13-149933-5 }}</ref>
|-
|-
! colspan="4" |Cairan @ 20&nbsp;°C
! colspan="4" |Cairan @ 20&nbsp;°C

Revisi per 15 Maret 2016 16.55

Indeks bias pada medium didefinisikan sebagai perbandingan antara kecepatan cahaya dalam ruang hampa udara dengan cepat rambat cahaya pada suatu medium[1].

Beberapa nilai indeks bias
Material λ[2](nm) n Ref.
Hampa udara 1 (exactly)
Udara @ STP 1.0002926
Gas @ 0 °C and 1 atm
Udara 589.29 1.000293 [3]
Helium 589.29 1.000036 [3]
Hidrogen 589.29 1.000132 [3]
Karbon dioksida 589.29 1.00045 [4]

[5] [6]

Cairan @ 20 °C
Benzena 589.29 1.501 [3]
Air 589.29 1.3330 [3]
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) 589.29 1.361 [3]
Karbon tetraklorida 589.29 1.461 [3]
Karbon disulfida 589.29 1.628 [3]
Benda padat @ suhu kamar
Intan 589.29 2.419 [3]
Strontium titanate 589.29 2.41
Ambar 589.29 1.55 [3]
Fused silica 589.29 1.458 [3]
Natrium klorida 589.29 1.50 [3]
Material lain
Pyrex 1.470 [7]
Sapphire 1.762–1.778
Es 1.31
Cryolite 1.338
Aseton 1.36
Ethanol 1.36
Teflon 1.35 - 1.38
Gliserol 1.4729
Kaca akrilik 1.490 - 1.492
Crown glass (optics) 1.50 - 1.54
Polikarbonat 1.584 - 1.586
PMMA 1.4893 - 1.4899
PET 1.5750
Flint glass 1.60 - 1.62
Kaca 1.485 - 1.755
Brom 1.661
Cubic zirconia 2.15 - 2.18
Silicon carbide 2.65 - 2.69
Cinnabar (Mercury sulfide) 3.02
Gallium phosphide 3.5
Gallium arsenide 3.927
Silikon 4.01 [8]

Secara matematis, indeks bias dapat ditulis:

di mana:

n = indeks bias
c = kecepatan cahaya dalam ruang hampa (299,792,458 meter/detik)
= cepat rambat cahaya pada suatu medium

Indeks bias tidak pernah lebih kecil dari 1 atau (n ≥ 1).

Pembiasan

Jika seberkas cahaya datang dan membentuk sudut terhadap permukaan, maka berkas cahaya tersebut ada yang dibelokkan sewaktu memasuki medium baru tersebut, di mana pembelokan itu disebut dengan pembiasan. Alat yang di gunakan untuk mengukur indeks bias adalah refractometer

Referensi

  1. ^ http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov refractive index
  2. ^ untuk panjang gelombang (λ) ditentukan dengan menggunakan panjang gelombang kuning = 589.29 nm
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Optics, Fourth Edition. Pearson Higher Education. 18 March 2003. ISBN 9780321188786. 
  4. ^ Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics. McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC. 1953. 
  5. ^ Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Co. 1957. 
  6. ^ Introduction to Optics, Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2007. hlm. 221. ISBN 0-13-149933-5. 
  7. ^ University of Liverpool. "Absolute Refractive Index". Diakses tanggal 2007-10-18. 
  8. ^ "Optical Properties of Silicon". Diakses tanggal 2009-05-31. 

Bacaan selanjutnya

  • Tipler, Paul A. and Ralph A. Llewellyn, (2003), Modern Physics. 4th ed. New York; W. H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-4345-0. 222-3 pp.
  • Léon Brillouin, (1960), "Wave Propagation And Group Velocity" Academic Press Inc., New York and London ISBN 0-12-134968-3.
  • Main, Iain G., (1988), Vibrations and Waves in Physics. 2nd ed. New York; Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-27846-5. 214-6 pp.
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