Prefektur Yamagata: Perbedaan antara revisi
Perbaikan besar-besaran Prefektur Yamagata Part 3 |
Perbaikan besar-besaran Prefektur Yamagata Part 4 |
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Baris 95: | Baris 95: | ||
** [[Oguni, Yamagata|Oguni]] |
** [[Oguni, Yamagata|Oguni]] |
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** [[Shirataka, Yamagata|Shirataka]] |
** [[Shirataka, Yamagata|Shirataka]] |
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== Iklim == |
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Iklim di Prefektur Yamagata ditandai oleh musim panas yang lembab dan musim salju yang panjang. Namun baik musim semi ataupun musim gugur waktunya cukup pendek, musim semi cukup dingin namun musim gugur hangat, tetapi keduanya cukup kering dan cerah. Prefektur Yamagata, bersama dengan bagian utara Miyagi dan Iwate adalah daerah transisi dari [[iklim subtropis basah]] ([[Klasifikasi iklim Köppen|Koppen]] Dfa/Dfb) ke [[iklim kontinen lembab]] sama seperti di daratan Jepang lainnya. Suhu musim dingin jarang turun di bawah -10°C, dan bahkan sering naik di atas 30°C pada bulan Juli dan Agustus. Curah hujan turun sepanjang tahun dan satu atau mungkin dua [[topan]] biasanya melewati antara Agustus dan Oktober. Musim dingin dapat dilihat hujan salju lebat terutama di ketinggian yang lebih tinggi, meskipun pantai Laut Jepang lebih ringan dan turun hujan lebih banyak. Salju yang turun di daerah [[Shinjō, Yamagata|Shinjō]] adalah tergolong dari daerah pegunungan yang berpenduduk, sedangkan salju yang turun di kota [[Yamagata, Yamagata|Yamagata]] yang khas di daerah lembah. Pegunungan tengah di sekitar Gassan dapat dilihat salju setebal 3000 cm dalam satu musim dengan kedalaman hingga 8 meter di ketinggian yang lebih tinggi. |
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{{Weather box |
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|location = Yamagata, Yamagata |
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|collapsed = yes |
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|metric first = yes |
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|single line = yes |
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|Jan record high C = 18.1 |
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|Feb record high C = 17.3 |
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|Mar record high C = 23.7 |
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|Apr record high C = 33.3 |
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|May record high C = 33.4 |
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|Jun record high C = 35.6 |
|||
|Jul record high C = 40.8 |
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|Aug record high C = 38.9 |
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|Sep record high C = 36.1 |
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|Oct record high C = 32.3 |
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|Nov record high C = 26.9 |
|||
|Dec record high C = 20.1 |
|||
|year record high C = 40.8 |
|||
|Jan high C = 3 |
|||
|Feb high C = 4 |
|||
|Mar high C = 8 |
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|Apr high C = 16 |
|||
|May high C = 22 |
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|Jun high C = 25 |
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|Jul high C = 28 |
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|Aug high C = 30 |
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|Sep high C = 25 |
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|Oct high C = 19 |
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|Nov high C = 12 |
|||
|Dec high C = 6 |
|||
|year high C = 16 |
|||
|Jan low C = -4 |
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|Feb low C = -4 |
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|Mar low C = -1 |
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|Apr low C = 4 |
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|May low C = 10 |
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|Jun low C = 15 |
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|Jul low C = 19 |
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|Aug low C = 20 |
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|Sep low C = 16 |
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|Oct low C = 9 |
|||
|Nov low C = 3 |
|||
|Dec low C = -1 |
|||
|year low C = 7 |
|||
|Jan record low C = -20.0 |
|||
|Feb record low C = -19.0 |
|||
|Mar record low C = -15.5 |
|||
|Apr record low C = -7.3 |
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|May record low C = -1.8 |
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|Jun record low C = 3.0 |
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|Jul record low C = 6.7 |
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|Aug record low C = 8.4 |
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|Sep record low C = 3.0 |
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|Oct record low C = -2.4 |
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|Nov record low C = -7.2 |
|||
|Dec record low C = -15.0 |
|||
|year record low C = -20.0 |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 75 |
|||
|Feb precipitation mm = 70 |
|||
|Mar precipitation mm = 67 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 68 |
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|May precipitation mm = 81 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 103 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 144 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 149 |
|||
|Sep precipitation mm = 134 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 76 |
|||
|Nov precipitation mm = 81 |
|||
|Dec precipitation mm = 77 |
|||
|year precipitation mm = 1125 |
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|Jan snow cm = 163 |
|||
|Feb snow cm = 147 |
|||
|Mar snow cm = 71 |
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|Apr snow cm = 3 |
|||
|May snow cm = 0 |
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|Jun snow cm = 0 |
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|Jul snow cm = 0 |
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|Aug snow cm = 0 |
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|Sep snow cm = 0 |
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|Oct snow cm = 0 |
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|Nov snow cm = 12 |
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|Dec snow cm = 92 |
|||
|year snow cm = 491 |
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|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>[http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/monthly_s3_en.php?block_no=47588&view=1 Yamagata Station], [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]</ref> |
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|date=August 2010 |
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}} |
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{{Weather box |
|||
|location = Shinjō, Yamagata |
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|collapsed = yes |
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|metric first = yes |
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|single line = yes |
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|Jan record high C = 13.3 |
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|Feb record high C = 14.0 |
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|Mar record high C = 19.5 |
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|Apr record high C = 30.2 |
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|May record high C = 33.5 |
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|Jun record high C = 32.6 |
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|Jul record high C = 36.9 |
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|Aug record high C = 37.4 |
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|Sep record high C = 33.9 |
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|Oct record high C = 27.9 |
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|Nov record high C = 22.5 |
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|Dec record high C = 19.0 |
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|year record high C = 37.4 |
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|Jan high C = 1 |
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|Feb high C = 2 |
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|Mar high C = 6 |
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|Apr high C = 14 |
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|May high C = 20 |
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|Jun high C = 24 |
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|Jul high C = 27 |
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|Aug high C = 29 |
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|Sep high C = 24 |
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|Oct high C = 18 |
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|Nov high C = 11 |
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|Dec high C = 4 |
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|year high C = 15 |
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|Jan low C = -4 |
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|Feb low C = -4 |
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|Mar low C = -2 |
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|Apr low C = 3 |
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|May low C = 9 |
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|Jun low C = 14 |
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|Jul low C = 19 |
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|Aug low C = 20 |
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|Sep low C = 15 |
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|Oct low C = 8 |
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|Nov low C = 3 |
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|Dec low C = -1 |
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|year low C = 7 |
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|Jan record low C = -19.6 |
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|Feb record low C = -20.2 |
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|Mar record low C = -16.5 |
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|Apr record low C = -9.3 |
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|May record low C = -2.1 |
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|Jun record low C = 3.7 |
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|Jul record low C = 7.6 |
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|Aug record low C = 10.9 |
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|Sep record low C = 4.1 |
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|Oct record low C = -0.8 |
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|Nov record low C = -5.8 |
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|Dec record low C = -15.2 |
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|year record low C = -20.2 |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 181 |
|||
|Feb precipitation mm = 145 |
|||
|Mar precipitation mm = 112 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 98 |
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|May precipitation mm = 107 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 131 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 186 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 175 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 153 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 152 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 195 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 211 |
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|year precipitation mm = 1843 |
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|Jan snow cm = 283 |
|||
|Feb snow cm = 242 |
|||
|Mar snow cm = 134 |
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|Apr snow cm = 20 |
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|May snow cm = 0 |
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|Jun snow cm = 0 |
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|Jul snow cm = 0 |
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|Aug snow cm = 0 |
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|Sep snow cm = 0 |
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|Oct snow cm = 0 |
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|Nov snow cm = 28 |
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|Dec snow cm = 168 |
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|year snow cm = 878 |
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|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>[http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/monthly_s3_en.php?block_no=47520&view=1 Shinjo Station], [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]</ref> |
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|date=August 2010 |
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}} |
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{{Weather box |
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|location = Sakata, Yamagata |
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|collapsed = yes |
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|metric first = yes |
|||
|single line = yes |
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|Jan record high C = 15.5 |
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|Feb record high C = 21.6 |
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|Mar record high C = 22.6 |
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|Apr record high C = 28.6 |
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|May record high C = 31.3 |
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|Jun record high C = 31.8 |
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|Jul record high C = 36.9 |
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|Aug record high C = 40.1 |
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|Sep record high C = 35.1 |
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|Oct record high C = 30.9 |
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|Nov record high C = 24.2 |
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|Dec record high C = 19.0 |
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|year record high C = 40.1 |
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|Jan high C = 4 |
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|Feb high C = 4 |
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|Mar high C = 8 |
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|Apr high C = 14 |
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|May high C = 19 |
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|Jun high C = 23 |
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|Jul high C = 27 |
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|Aug high C = 29 |
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|Sep high C = 25 |
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|Oct high C = 19 |
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|Nov high C = 13 |
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|Dec high C = 8 |
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|year high C = 16 |
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|Jan low C = -1 |
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|Feb low C = -2 |
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|Mar low C = 1 |
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|Apr low C = 5 |
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|May low C = 11 |
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|Jun low C = 16 |
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|Jul low C = 20 |
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|Aug low C = 21 |
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|Sep low C = 17 |
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|Oct low C = 10 |
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|Nov low C = 5 |
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|Dec low C = 1 |
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|year low C = 9 |
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|Jan record low C = -16.9 |
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|Feb record low C = -12.8 |
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|Mar record low C = -9.9 |
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|Apr record low C = -3.7 |
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|May record low C = -0.2 |
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|Jun record low C = 7.5 |
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|Jul record low C = 9.5 |
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|Aug record low C = 13.2 |
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|Sep record low C = 7.0 |
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|Oct record low C = 1.4 |
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|Nov record low C = -5.1 |
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|Dec record low C = -12.5 |
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|year record low C = -16.9 |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 153 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 115 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 104 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 106 |
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|May precipitation mm = 117 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 128 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 186 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 176 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 185 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 174 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 224 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 202 |
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|year precipitation mm = 1861 |
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|Jan snow cm = 138 |
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|Feb snow cm = 120 |
|||
|Mar snow cm = 43 |
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|Apr snow cm = 1 |
|||
|May snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Jun snow cm = 0 |
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|Jul snow cm = 0 |
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|Aug snow cm = 0 |
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|Sep snow cm = 0 |
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|Oct snow cm = 0 |
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|Nov snow cm = 10 |
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|Dec snow cm = 64 |
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|year snow cm = 375 |
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|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>[http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/monthly_s3_en.php?block_no=47587 Sakata Station], [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]</ref> |
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|date=August 2010 |
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}} |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
Revisi per 27 Desember 2019 11.53
Prefektur Yamagata
山形県 | |
---|---|
Transkripsi Jepang | |
• Jepang | 山形県 |
• Rōmaji | Yamagata-ken |
Negara | Jepang |
Wilayah | Tōhoku |
Pulau | Honshū |
Ibu kota | Yamagata |
Pemerintahan | |
• Gubernur | Mieko Yoshimura |
Luas | |
• Total | 9,325,15 km2 (3,60.046 sq mi) |
Peringkat | 9th |
Populasi (Oktober 1, 2019) | |
• Total | 1.077.057 |
• Peringkat | 35th |
• Kepadatan | 116/km2 (300/sq mi) |
Kode ISO 3166 | JP-06 |
Distrik | 8 |
Munisipalitas | 35 |
Bunga | Kesumba |
Pohon | Carthamus tinctorius |
Burung | Bebek mandarin |
Ikan | Oncorhynchus masou |
Situs web | www |
Prefektur Yamagata (山形県 , Yamagata-ken) adalah prefektur yang terletak di wilayah Tōhoku, Jepang.[1] Ibukotanya adalah Yamagata.[2]
Sejarah
Suku Ezo asli (蝦夷) pernah menghuni daerah yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Yamagata. Yamagata dan Prefektur Akita dahulu dikenal sebagai Provinsi Dewa sampai Restorasi Meiji.[3]
Selama periode Heian (794–1185), klan Fujiwara (藤原) memerintah di daerah tersebut. Kota Yamagata semakin berkembang selama periode Edo (1603-1867) karena statusnya sebagai kota benteng dan stasiun pos. Pada tahun 1689, penyair haiku yang terkenal, Matsuo Bashō mengunjungi Yamagata selama perjalanan lima bulan ke daerah utara Jepang.
Geografi
Prefektur Yamagata terletak di sudut barat daya wilayah Tōhoku yang menghadap ke Laut Jepang. Prefektur ini berbatasan dengan Prefektur Niigata dan Prefektur Fukushima di selatan, Prefektur Miyagi di timur, dan Prefektur Akita di utara. Semua batas ini ditandai oleh pegunungan.
Pada 1 April 2012, 17% dari total luas wilayah prefektur ini ditetapkan sebagai Taman Nasional, yaitu Taman Nasional Bandai-Asahi; Taman Quasy-Nasional Chōkai, Kurikoma, dan Zaō; serta enam Taman Alam Prefektur. [4]
Kota
Berikut tiga belas kota terletak di Prefektur Yamagata:
- Higashine
- Kaminoyama
- Murayama
- Nagai
- Nan'yō
- Obanazawa
- Sagae
- Sakata
- Shinjō
- Tendō
- Tsuruoka
- Yamagata (ibu kota)
- Yonezawa
Kota kecil dan desa
Berikut adalah kota kecil dan desa di setiap distriknya:
- Distrik Akumi
- Distrik Higashimurayama
- Distrik Higashiokitama
- Distrik Higashitagawa
- Distrik Kitamurayama
- Distrik Mogami
- Distrik Nishimurayama
- Distrik Nishiokitama
Iklim
Iklim di Prefektur Yamagata ditandai oleh musim panas yang lembab dan musim salju yang panjang. Namun baik musim semi ataupun musim gugur waktunya cukup pendek, musim semi cukup dingin namun musim gugur hangat, tetapi keduanya cukup kering dan cerah. Prefektur Yamagata, bersama dengan bagian utara Miyagi dan Iwate adalah daerah transisi dari iklim subtropis basah (Koppen Dfa/Dfb) ke iklim kontinen lembab sama seperti di daratan Jepang lainnya. Suhu musim dingin jarang turun di bawah -10°C, dan bahkan sering naik di atas 30°C pada bulan Juli dan Agustus. Curah hujan turun sepanjang tahun dan satu atau mungkin dua topan biasanya melewati antara Agustus dan Oktober. Musim dingin dapat dilihat hujan salju lebat terutama di ketinggian yang lebih tinggi, meskipun pantai Laut Jepang lebih ringan dan turun hujan lebih banyak. Salju yang turun di daerah Shinjō adalah tergolong dari daerah pegunungan yang berpenduduk, sedangkan salju yang turun di kota Yamagata yang khas di daerah lembah. Pegunungan tengah di sekitar Gassan dapat dilihat salju setebal 3000 cm dalam satu musim dengan kedalaman hingga 8 meter di ketinggian yang lebih tinggi.
Data iklim Yamagata, Yamagata | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulan | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | Mei | Jun | Jul | Agt | Sep | Okt | Nov | Des | Tahun |
Rekor tertinggi °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.4 (92.1) |
35.6 (96.1) |
40.8 (105.4) |
38.9 (102) |
36.1 (97) |
32.3 (90.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
40.8 (105.4) |
Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F) | 3 (37) |
4 (39) |
8 (46) |
16 (61) |
22 (72) |
25 (77) |
28 (82) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
12 (54) |
6 (43) |
16 (61) |
Rata-rata terendah °C (°F) | −4 (25) |
−4 (25) |
−1 (30) |
4 (39) |
10 (50) |
15 (59) |
19 (66) |
20 (68) |
16 (61) |
9 (48) |
3 (37) |
−1 (30) |
7 (45) |
Rekor terendah °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−7.2 (19) |
−15.0 (5) |
−20.0 (−4) |
Presipitasi mm (inci) | 75 (2.95) |
70 (2.76) |
67 (2.64) |
68 (2.68) |
81 (3.19) |
103 (4.06) |
144 (5.67) |
149 (5.87) |
134 (5.28) |
76 (2.99) |
81 (3.19) |
77 (3.03) |
1.125 (44,29) |
Curah salju cm (inci) | 163 (64.2) |
147 (57.9) |
71 (28) |
3 (1.2) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
12 (4.7) |
92 (36.2) |
491 (193.3) |
Sumber: Japan Meteorological Agency[5] |
Data iklim Shinjō, Yamagata | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulan | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | Mei | Jun | Jul | Agt | Sep | Okt | Nov | Des | Tahun |
Rekor tertinggi °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
30.2 (86.4) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.6 (90.7) |
36.9 (98.4) |
37.4 (99.3) |
33.9 (93) |
27.9 (82.2) |
22.5 (72.5) |
19.0 (66.2) |
37.4 (99.3) |
Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F) | 1 (34) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
14 (57) |
20 (68) |
24 (75) |
27 (81) |
29 (84) |
24 (75) |
18 (64) |
11 (52) |
4 (39) |
15 (59) |
Rata-rata terendah °C (°F) | −4 (25) |
−4 (25) |
−2 (28) |
3 (37) |
9 (48) |
14 (57) |
19 (66) |
20 (68) |
15 (59) |
8 (46) |
3 (37) |
−1 (30) |
7 (45) |
Rekor terendah °C (°F) | −19.6 (−3.3) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
10.9 (51.6) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
Presipitasi mm (inci) | 181 (7.13) |
145 (5.71) |
112 (4.41) |
98 (3.86) |
107 (4.21) |
131 (5.16) |
186 (7.32) |
175 (6.89) |
153 (6.02) |
152 (5.98) |
195 (7.68) |
211 (8.31) |
1.843 (72,56) |
Curah salju cm (inci) | 283 (111.4) |
242 (95.3) |
134 (52.8) |
20 (7.9) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
28 (11) |
168 (66.1) |
878 (345.7) |
Sumber: Japan Meteorological Agency[6] |
Data iklim Sakata, Yamagata | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulan | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | Mei | Jun | Jul | Agt | Sep | Okt | Nov | Des | Tahun |
Rekor tertinggi °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.8 (89.2) |
36.9 (98.4) |
40.1 (104.2) |
35.1 (95.2) |
30.9 (87.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
40.1 (104.2) |
Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F) | 4 (39) |
4 (39) |
8 (46) |
14 (57) |
19 (66) |
23 (73) |
27 (81) |
29 (84) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
13 (55) |
8 (46) |
16 (61) |
Rata-rata terendah °C (°F) | −1 (30) |
−2 (28) |
1 (34) |
5 (41) |
11 (52) |
16 (61) |
20 (68) |
21 (70) |
17 (63) |
10 (50) |
5 (41) |
1 (34) |
9 (48) |
Rekor terendah °C (°F) | −16.9 (1.6) |
−12.8 (9) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
13.2 (55.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
Presipitasi mm (inci) | 153 (6.02) |
115 (4.53) |
104 (4.09) |
106 (4.17) |
117 (4.61) |
128 (5.04) |
186 (7.32) |
176 (6.93) |
185 (7.28) |
174 (6.85) |
224 (8.82) |
202 (7.95) |
1.861 (73,27) |
Curah salju cm (inci) | 138 (54.3) |
120 (47.2) |
43 (16.9) |
1 (0.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
10 (3.9) |
64 (25.2) |
375 (147.6) |
Sumber: Japan Meteorological Agency[7] |
Pranala luar
- ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Yamagata prefecture" in Japan Encyclopedia, pp. 1038-1039, hlm. 1038, pada Google Books; "Tōhoku" in p. 970, hlm. 970, pada Google Books
- ^ Nussbaum, "Yamagata" in p. 1038, hlm. 1038, pada Google Books
- ^ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in p. 780, hlm. 780, pada Google Books
- ^ "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment. Diakses tanggal 2 July 2012.
- ^ Yamagata Station, Japan Meteorological Agency
- ^ Shinjo Station, Japan Meteorological Agency
- ^ Sakata Station, Japan Meteorological Agency