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==Definisi==
==Definisi==
Setelah meninjau lebih dari 200 karya ilmiah yang mengutip kata "''fintech''", sebuah penelitian mengenai definisi dari ''fintech'' menarik kesimpulan bahwa "''fintech'' merupakan [[industri finansial]] baru yang mengaplikasikan teknologi untuk meningkatkan aktivitas finansial."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schueffel|first=Patrick|date=2017-03-09|title=Taming the Beast: A Scientific Definition of Fintech|url=https://journals.fe.up.pt/index.php/IJMAI/article/view/322|journal=Journal of Innovation Management|language=en|volume=4|issue=4|pages=32–54|doi=10.24840/2183-0606_004.004_0004|issn=2183-0606|doi-access=free}}</ref> Teknologi finansial merupakan perangkat, proses, produk ataupun model bisnis baru dalam industri layanan finansial, terdiri dari satu atau lebih [[Perbankan sebagai layanan|pelengkap layanan keuangan]] dan tersedia dalam bentuk proses dari ujung ke ujung melalui internet.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-13|title=What is FinTech?|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-is-fintech_b_58a20d80e4b0cd37efcfebaa|website=HuffPost|language=en|access-date=2021-11-01}}</ref> Teknologi finansial juga dapat dikatakan sebagai "segala ide inovatif yang dapat meningkatkan proses layanan finansial dengan cara menawarkan solusi dalam bentuk teknologi yang didasarkan pada situasi bisnis yang berbeda-beda, namun ide-ide tadi juga dapat membawa pada bentuk model bisnis baru atau bisnis-bisnis baru."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Leong|first1=Kelvin.|last2=Sung|first2=Anna|s2cid=67842383|title=FinTech (Financial Technology): What is It and How to Use Technologies to Create Business Value in Fintech Way?|journal=International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology|year=2018|volume=9|issue=2|pages=74–78|doi=10.18178/ijimt.2018.9.2.791|hdl=10034/622459|url=https://glyndwr.collections.crest.ac.uk/17310/1/791-M775%20-%20FinTech_inc%20c%20sheet.pdf}}</ref>
Setelah meninjau lebih dari 200 karya ilmiah yang mengutip kata "''fintech''", sebuah penelitian mengenai definisi dari ''fintech'' menarik kesimpulan bahwa "''fintech'' merupakan [[industri finansial]] baru yang mengaplikasikan teknologi untuk meningkatkan aktivitas finansial."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schueffel|first=Patrick|date=2017-03-09|title=Taming the Beast: A Scientific Definition of Fintech|url=https://journals.fe.up.pt/index.php/IJMAI/article/view/322|journal=Journal of Innovation Management|language=en|volume=4|issue=4|pages=32–54|doi=10.24840/2183-0606_004.004_0004|issn=2183-0606|doi-access=free}}</ref> Teknologi finansial merupakan perangkat, proses, produk ataupun model bisnis baru dalam industri layanan finansial, terdiri dari satu atau lebih [[Perbankan sebagai layanan|pelengkap layanan keuangan]] dan tersedia dalam bentuk proses dari ujung ke ujung melalui internet.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-13|title=What is FinTech?|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-is-fintech_b_58a20d80e4b0cd37efcfebaa|website=HuffPost|language=en|access-date=2021-11-01}}</ref> Teknologi finansial juga dapat dikatakan sebagai "segala ide inovatif yang dapat meningkatkan proses layanan finansial dengan cara menawarkan solusi dalam bentuk teknologi yang didasarkan pada situasi bisnis yang berbeda-beda, namun ide-ide tadi juga dapat membawa pada bentuk model bisnis baru atau bisnis-bisnis baru."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Leong|first1=Kelvin.|last2=Sung|first2=Anna|s2cid=67842383|title=FinTech (Financial Technology): What is It and How to Use Technologies to Create Business Value in Fintech Way?|journal=International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology|year=2018|volume=9|issue=2|pages=74–78|doi=10.18178/ijimt.2018.9.2.791|hdl=10034/622459|url=https://glyndwr.collections.crest.ac.uk/17310/1/791-M775%20-%20FinTech_inc%20c%20sheet.pdf}}</ref>

==Bidang Utama==

Teknologi Finansial telah digunakan untuk mengotomatiskan [[investasi]], [[asuransi]], [[perdagangan|''trading'']], [[bank rite|layanan perbankanl]] dan [[manajemen resiko]].<ref name=":1" />

The services may originate from various independent service providers including at least one licensed bank or insurer. The interconnection is enabled through open [[API]]s and [[open banking]] and supported by regulations such as the European [[Payment Services Directive]].

[[Robo-advisor|Robo-advisers]] are a class of automated [[financial adviser]] that provide financial advice or [[investment management]] online with moderate to minimal human intervention.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/12/your-money/start-ups-offer-financial-advice-to-people-who-arent-rich.html | title=Financial Advice for People Who Aren't Rich | first=Ron | last=Lieber | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=April 11, 2014}}{{subscription required}}</ref> They provide digital financial advice based on mathematical rules or algorithms, and thus can provide a low-cost alternative to a human advisers.

Global investment in financial technology increased more than 2,200% from $930&nbsp;million in 2008 to more than $22&nbsp;billion in 2015.<ref name="A">{{cite web|url=https://www.accenture.com/t20170411T170619Z__w__/id-en/_acnmedia/PDF-15/Accenture-Fintech-Report-London-Lab-News-Release.pdf|title=Global Fintech Investment Growth Continues in 2016|date=2017|publisher=Accenture|access-date=January 15, 2018}}</ref> The nascent financial technology industry in London has seen rapid growth over the last few years, according to the office of the [[Mayor of London]]. Forty percent of the [[City of London]]'s workforce is employed in financial and technology services.<ref name="HT">{{cite web | url=http://www.hottopics.ht/stories/fintech/what-is-fintech-and-why-it-matters/ | title=What is FinTech and why does it matter to all entrepreneurs? | publisher=Hot Topics | date=July 2014 | access-date=December 9, 2014}}</ref>

In Europe, $1.5&nbsp;billion was invested in financial technology companies in 2014, with London-based companies receiving $539&nbsp;million, Amsterdam-based companies $306&nbsp;million, and Stockholm-based companies receiving $266&nbsp;million in investment. After London, Stockholm is the second highest funded city in Europe in the past 10 years. Europe's fintech deals reached a five-quarter high, rising from 37 in Q4 2015 to 47 in Q1 2016.<ref name="SS">{{cite web | url=http://www.slideshare.net/eteigland/stockholm-49722748?related=1 | title=Stockholm FinTech: An overview of the FinTech sector in the greater Stockholm Region | publisher=Stockholm Business Region | date=June 2015 | access-date=July 12, 2015}}</ref><ref name="WW">{{cite web|title=Fintech Investments Skyrocket in 2016– Report|url=http://www.redherring.com/finance/fintech-investments-skyrocket-2016-report/|website=redherring.com|access-date=July 12, 2016}}</ref> [[Lithuania]] is starting to become a northern European hub for financial technology companies since the news in 2016 about the possible [[Brexit|exit of Britain from the European Union]]. Lithuania has issued 51 fintech [[license]]s since 2016, 32 of those in 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/brexit-a-boon-for-lithuanias-fintech-drive|title=Brexit a boon for Lithuania's 'fintech' drive|work=The Business Times|access-date=2018-03-03|language=en}}</ref>

Fintech companies in the United States raised $12.4 billion in 2018, a 43% increase over 2017 figures.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffkauflin/2019/02/04/the-10-biggest-fintech-companies-in-america-2019/|title=The 11 Biggest Fintech Companies In America 2019|last=Kauflin|first=Jeff|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref>

[[File:Christine Lagarde at the Singapore Fintech Festival.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Christine Lagarde]], Managing Director of the [[International Monetary Fund]] addressing in 2018 at the [[Singapore FinTech Festival]], the largest FinTech festival in the world.]]

In the [[Asia Pacific]] region, the growth will see a new financial technology hub to be opened in [[Sydney]], in April 2015.<ref name="BRW">{{cite web | url=http://www.brw.com.au/p/tech-gadgets/sydney_fintech_hub_based_on_london_QTbs38ffeIMZOH89UCaftN | title=Sydney FinTech hub based on London's Level39 coming next April | publisher=BRW | date=November 2014 | access-date=November 26, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320020639/http://www.brw.com.au/p/tech-gadgets/sydney_fintech_hub_based_on_london_QTbs38ffeIMZOH89UCaftN | archive-date=March 20, 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref> According to [[KPMG]], Sydney's financial services sector in 2017 creates 9 per cent of national GDP and is bigger than the financial services sector in either Hong Kong or Singapore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/financial-services/sydney-grows-as-asias-fintech-hub/news-story/0557541408409005ffd79c589873c492|title=Subscribe {{!}} theaustralian|website=www.theaustralian.com.au|access-date=2017-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701090600/https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fbusiness%2Ffinancial-services%2Fsydney-grows-as-asias-fintech-hub%2Fnews-story%2F0557541408409005ffd79c589873c492&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&nk=79b0cc13e74865d85242b4f162726f7e-1561971959|archive-date=July 1, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> A financial technology innovation lab was launched in Hong Kong in 2015.<ref name="FRB">{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomgroenfeldt/2014/09/02/fintech-innovation-lab-in-hong-kong-launches-with-eight-firms/ | title=FinTech Innovation Lab in Hong Kong Launches With Eight Firms | work=Forbes | date=February 2015 | access-date=February 9, 2015}}</ref> In 2015, the [[Monetary Authority of Singapore]] launched an initiative named Fintech and Information Group to draw in start-ups from around the world. It pledged to spend $225 million in the fintech sector over the next five years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/business/article/2020094/fintech-next-frontier-hong-kongs-battle-singapore|title=Fintech – the next frontier for Hong Kong's battle with Singapore?|access-date=2016-09-26}}</ref>

While Singapore has been one of the central Fintech hubs in Asia, start ups in the sector from [[Vietnam]] and [[Indonesia]] have been attracting more [[venture capital]] investments in recent years. Since 2014, Southeast Asian Fintech companies have increased VC funding from $35 million to $679 million in 2018 and $1.14 billion in 2019.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Startups/Vietnam-closes-in-on-Singapore-as-fintech-funding-booms|title=Vietnam closes in on Singapore as fintech funding booms|website=Nikkei Asian Review|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-04}}</ref>



== Lihat pula ==
== Lihat pula ==

Revisi per 1 November 2021 08.38

Teknologi finansial[1] (bahasa Inggris: financial technology) atau teknologi keuangan adalah suatu istilah dengan beberapa pengertian yang berhubungan dengan bidang teknologi dan bidang ekonomi agar pendanaan semakin meningkat. Jika pada zaman dulu orang harus bertemu secara langsung untuk melaksanakan transaksi, saat ini semuanya hampir bisa dilakukan dengan gawai seperti halnya mengecek bunga deposito, bertransaksi secara daring, transfer dengan aplikasi mobile banking dan sebagainya.[2]

Teknologi finansial sangat populer di kalangan media atau mereka yang aktif di bidang teknologi. Perusahaan start up juga menggunakan teknologi finansial ketika berurusan dengan keuangan baik transfer atau yang lainnya.[3] Jadi, bisa dibilang fintech sendiri merupakan penggabungan antara teknologi dan sistem keuangan.[4]

Definisi

Setelah meninjau lebih dari 200 karya ilmiah yang mengutip kata "fintech", sebuah penelitian mengenai definisi dari fintech menarik kesimpulan bahwa "fintech merupakan industri finansial baru yang mengaplikasikan teknologi untuk meningkatkan aktivitas finansial."[5] Teknologi finansial merupakan perangkat, proses, produk ataupun model bisnis baru dalam industri layanan finansial, terdiri dari satu atau lebih pelengkap layanan keuangan dan tersedia dalam bentuk proses dari ujung ke ujung melalui internet.[6] Teknologi finansial juga dapat dikatakan sebagai "segala ide inovatif yang dapat meningkatkan proses layanan finansial dengan cara menawarkan solusi dalam bentuk teknologi yang didasarkan pada situasi bisnis yang berbeda-beda, namun ide-ide tadi juga dapat membawa pada bentuk model bisnis baru atau bisnis-bisnis baru."[7]

Bidang Utama

Teknologi Finansial telah digunakan untuk mengotomatiskan investasi, asuransi, trading, layanan perbankanl dan manajemen resiko.[8]

The services may originate from various independent service providers including at least one licensed bank or insurer. The interconnection is enabled through open APIs and open banking and supported by regulations such as the European Payment Services Directive.

Robo-advisers are a class of automated financial adviser that provide financial advice or investment management online with moderate to minimal human intervention.[9] They provide digital financial advice based on mathematical rules or algorithms, and thus can provide a low-cost alternative to a human advisers.

Global investment in financial technology increased more than 2,200% from $930 million in 2008 to more than $22 billion in 2015.[10] The nascent financial technology industry in London has seen rapid growth over the last few years, according to the office of the Mayor of London. Forty percent of the City of London's workforce is employed in financial and technology services.[11]

In Europe, $1.5 billion was invested in financial technology companies in 2014, with London-based companies receiving $539 million, Amsterdam-based companies $306 million, and Stockholm-based companies receiving $266 million in investment. After London, Stockholm is the second highest funded city in Europe in the past 10 years. Europe's fintech deals reached a five-quarter high, rising from 37 in Q4 2015 to 47 in Q1 2016.[12][13] Lithuania is starting to become a northern European hub for financial technology companies since the news in 2016 about the possible exit of Britain from the European Union. Lithuania has issued 51 fintech licenses since 2016, 32 of those in 2017.[14]

Fintech companies in the United States raised $12.4 billion in 2018, a 43% increase over 2017 figures.[15]

Christine Lagarde, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund addressing in 2018 at the Singapore FinTech Festival, the largest FinTech festival in the world.

In the Asia Pacific region, the growth will see a new financial technology hub to be opened in Sydney, in April 2015.[16] According to KPMG, Sydney's financial services sector in 2017 creates 9 per cent of national GDP and is bigger than the financial services sector in either Hong Kong or Singapore.[17] A financial technology innovation lab was launched in Hong Kong in 2015.[18] In 2015, the Monetary Authority of Singapore launched an initiative named Fintech and Information Group to draw in start-ups from around the world. It pledged to spend $225 million in the fintech sector over the next five years.[19]

While Singapore has been one of the central Fintech hubs in Asia, start ups in the sector from Vietnam and Indonesia have been attracting more venture capital investments in recent years. Since 2014, Southeast Asian Fintech companies have increased VC funding from $35 million to $679 million in 2018 and $1.14 billion in 2019.[8]


Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ "Financial Technology - Bank Sentral Republik Indonesia". www.bi.go.id. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-30. 
  2. ^ Suhendra, Zulfi. "Fintech Disebut Jadi Saingan Bank Konvensional, Benarkah?". detikfinance. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-30. 
  3. ^ Kusuma, Hendra. "Sri Mulyani Sindir Fee Perbankan Lebih Mahal dari Fintech". detikfinance. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-30. 
  4. ^ "KPPU Akan Panggil Asosiasi Fintech soal Bunga Pinjaman Online". ekonomi (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-08-30. 
  5. ^ Schueffel, Patrick (2017-03-09). "Taming the Beast: A Scientific Definition of Fintech". Journal of Innovation Management (dalam bahasa Inggris). 4 (4): 32–54. doi:10.24840/2183-0606_004.004_0004 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. ISSN 2183-0606. 
  6. ^ "What is FinTech?". HuffPost (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2017-02-13. Diakses tanggal 2021-11-01. 
  7. ^ Leong, Kelvin.; Sung, Anna (2018). "FinTech (Financial Technology): What is It and How to Use Technologies to Create Business Value in Fintech Way?" (PDF). International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. 9 (2): 74–78. doi:10.18178/ijimt.2018.9.2.791. hdl:10034/622459. 
  8. ^ a b "Vietnam closes in on Singapore as fintech funding booms". Nikkei Asian Review (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-12-04. 
  9. ^ Lieber, Ron (April 11, 2014). "Financial Advice for People Who Aren't Rich". The New York Times. (perlu berlangganan)
  10. ^ "Global Fintech Investment Growth Continues in 2016" (PDF). Accenture. 2017. Diakses tanggal January 15, 2018. 
  11. ^ "What is FinTech and why does it matter to all entrepreneurs?". Hot Topics. July 2014. Diakses tanggal December 9, 2014. 
  12. ^ "Stockholm FinTech: An overview of the FinTech sector in the greater Stockholm Region". Stockholm Business Region. June 2015. Diakses tanggal July 12, 2015. 
  13. ^ "Fintech Investments Skyrocket in 2016– Report". redherring.com. Diakses tanggal July 12, 2016. 
  14. ^ "Brexit a boon for Lithuania's 'fintech' drive". The Business Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2018-03-03. 
  15. ^ Kauflin, Jeff. "The 11 Biggest Fintech Companies In America 2019". Forbes (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-02-15. 
  16. ^ "Sydney FinTech hub based on London's Level39 coming next April". BRW. November 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal March 20, 2016. Diakses tanggal November 26, 2014. 
  17. ^ "Subscribe | theaustralian". www.theaustralian.com.au. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 1, 2019. Diakses tanggal 2017-09-29. 
  18. ^ "FinTech Innovation Lab in Hong Kong Launches With Eight Firms". Forbes. February 2015. Diakses tanggal February 9, 2015. 
  19. ^ "Fintech – the next frontier for Hong Kong's battle with Singapore?". Diakses tanggal 2016-09-26. 

Pengertian Finansial Teknologi (Fintech), Jenis-Jenis, Manfaat Dan Dampaknnya

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