Anunnaki

Empat arca tembaga yang berasal dari kisaran tahun 2130 SM. Keempat arca ini menggambarkan empat dewa Mesopotamia kuno, dengan mahkota runcing yang menjadi ciri khasnya.

Anunnaki (juga dieja Anunaki, Anunna, atau Ananaki) adalah sekelompok dewa yang dalam mitologi Sumeria, Akkadia, Asiria, dan Babilonia. Terdapat berbagai keterangan mengenai jumlah Anunnaki dan hakikat mereka, tetapi keterangan-keterangan ini sering kali saling bertentangan. Dalam tulisan-tulisan Sumeria (yang berasal dari zaman Pasca-Akkadia), Anunnaki adalah dewa-dewa terkuat keturunan An (dewa langit) yang menentukan nasib umat manusia.

Dalam kisah Turunnya Inanna ke Dunia Bawah, Anunnaki digambarkan sebagai tujuh hakim yang duduk di hadapan takhta Ereshkigal di Dunia Bawah. Naskah-naskah Akkadia (seperti Epos Gilgames) kemudian juga menuliskan keterangan yang serupa. Pada zaman Babilonia Kuno, Anunnaki diyakini merupakan dewa-dewa Dunia Bawah, sementara para dewa langit dikenal dengan sebutan Igigi. Orang Het kuno menganggap Anunnaki sebagai generasi dewa tertua yang telah digulingkan dan dibuang ke Dunia Bawah oleh para dewa yang lebih muda. Anunnaki sering muncul dalam buku sejarah semu modern (seperti buku-buku karya Zecharia Sitchin) dan dalam teori konspirasi (seperti yang dicetuskan oleh David Icke).

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