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'''Obsidian''' adalah kaca vulkanik alami yang berupa batuan beku ekstrusif.<ref name="rafferty2011">{{cite book |last=Rafferty |first=John P. |date=Agustus 2011 |title=Rocks |url=https://archive.org/details/rocks0000unse |publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group |page=[https://archive.org/details/rocks0000unse/page/97 97]– |isbn=978-1-61530-492-9}}</ref><ref name="isciensei">I-science I' 2006 Ed. Rex Bookstore, Inc. pp. 127–. {{ISBN|978-971-23-4399-5}}.</ref> Obsidian terbentuk dari ekstrusi [[lava]] [[felsik]] yang mendingin dengan cepat tanpa pertumbuhan kristal. |
'''Obsidian''' atau '''batu kaca'''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stevens|first=Alan M.|last2=Tellings|first2=A. Ed Schmidgall|date=2004|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=hVo2ZDYbL6gC&printsec=frontcover&hl=id#v=onepage&q=Garnet&f=false|title=A Comprehensive Indonesian-English Dictionary|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0-8214-1584-9|language=en}}</ref> adalah kaca vulkanik alami yang berupa batuan beku ekstrusif.<ref name="rafferty2011">{{cite book |last=Rafferty |first=John P. |date=Agustus 2011 |title=Rocks |url=https://archive.org/details/rocks0000unse |publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group |page=[https://archive.org/details/rocks0000unse/page/97 97]– |isbn=978-1-61530-492-9}}</ref><ref name="isciensei">I-science I' 2006 Ed. Rex Bookstore, Inc. pp. 127–. {{ISBN|978-971-23-4399-5}}.</ref> Obsidian terbentuk dari ekstrusi [[lava]] [[felsik]] yang mendingin dengan cepat tanpa pertumbuhan kristal. |
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Kaca vulkanik ini dimanfaatkan sebagai alat pemotong pada zaman dahulu dan [[pisau bedah]] pada zaman modern.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Brian Cotterell |author2=Johan Kamminga |title=Mechanics of pre-industrial technology: an introduction to the mechanics of ancient and traditional material culture |year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-42871-2 |pages=127– |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0-xOM8y6Uc8C&pg=PA127}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=David Wescott |date=1999 |title=Primitive Technology: A Book of Earth Skills |url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=HlwUo0IccoMC&pg=PT90&lpg=PT90&dq=obsidian+surgical+scalpel&source=web&ots=tO8nfz3GFt&sig=7rQSy1-tT3-mm_Pp7nhyxOXjyTc&hl=en#PPT90,M1}}</ref><ref>[http://www.finescience.com/commerce/ccc1065-obsidian-scalpels.htm Supplier of modern obsidian surgical scalpels with information on use]</ref> Obsidian juga memiliki fungsi ornamental dan sebagai [[batu permata]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Manutchehr-Danai |first=Mohsen |date=9 Maret 2013 |title=Dictionary of Gems and Gemology |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9783662042885 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/?id=2UX1CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA502&dq=%C2%A0Obsidian+is+also+used+for+ornamental+purposes+and+as+a+gemstone.#v=onepage&q=%C2%A0Obsidian%20is%20also%20used%20for%20ornamental%20purposes%20and%20as%20a%20gemstone.&f=false}}</ref> |
Kaca vulkanik ini dimanfaatkan sebagai alat pemotong pada zaman dahulu dan [[pisau bedah]] pada zaman modern.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Brian Cotterell |author2=Johan Kamminga |title=Mechanics of pre-industrial technology: an introduction to the mechanics of ancient and traditional material culture |year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-42871-2 |pages=127– |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0-xOM8y6Uc8C&pg=PA127}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=David Wescott |date=1999 |title=Primitive Technology: A Book of Earth Skills |url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=HlwUo0IccoMC&pg=PT90&lpg=PT90&dq=obsidian+surgical+scalpel&source=web&ots=tO8nfz3GFt&sig=7rQSy1-tT3-mm_Pp7nhyxOXjyTc&hl=en#PPT90,M1}}</ref><ref>[http://www.finescience.com/commerce/ccc1065-obsidian-scalpels.htm Supplier of modern obsidian surgical scalpels with information on use]</ref> Obsidian juga memiliki fungsi ornamental dan sebagai [[batu permata]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Manutchehr-Danai |first=Mohsen |date=9 Maret 2013 |title=Dictionary of Gems and Gemology |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9783662042885 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/?id=2UX1CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA502&dq=%C2%A0Obsidian+is+also+used+for+ornamental+purposes+and+as+a+gemstone.#v=onepage&q=%C2%A0Obsidian%20is%20also%20used%20for%20ornamental%20purposes%20and%20as%20a%20gemstone.&f=false}}</ref> |
Revisi per 2 Februari 2024 02.34
Obsidian | |
---|---|
Umum | |
Kategori | Batuan vulkanik |
Identifikasi | |
Warna | Hitam pekat atau hitam kehijauan |
Fraktur | Konkoidal |
Kekerasan dalam skala Mohs | 5–6[1] |
Kilau | Kekacaan |
Berat jenis | sekitar 2,4[2] |
Sifat optik | Translusen |
Sifat lain | Tekstur: halus seperti kaca |
Referensi | [3] |
Obsidian atau batu kaca[4] adalah kaca vulkanik alami yang berupa batuan beku ekstrusif.[5][6] Obsidian terbentuk dari ekstrusi lava felsik yang mendingin dengan cepat tanpa pertumbuhan kristal.
Kaca vulkanik ini dimanfaatkan sebagai alat pemotong pada zaman dahulu dan pisau bedah pada zaman modern.[7][8][9] Obsidian juga memiliki fungsi ornamental dan sebagai batu permata.[10]
Referensi
- ^ Peter Roger Stuart Moorey (1999). Ancient mesopotamian materials and industries: the archaeological evidence. Eisenbrauns. hlm. 108–. ISBN 978-1-57506-042-2.
- ^ Geological Survey (U.S.) (1981). Geological Survey (U.S.). The Survey. hlm. 185–.
- ^ "Obsidian: Mineral information, data and localities". mindat.org.
- ^ Stevens, Alan M.; Tellings, A. Ed Schmidgall (2004). A Comprehensive Indonesian-English Dictionary (dalam bahasa Inggris). Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-1584-9.
- ^ Rafferty, John P. (Agustus 2011). Rocks. The Rosen Publishing Group. hlm. 97–. ISBN 978-1-61530-492-9.
- ^ I-science I' 2006 Ed. Rex Bookstore, Inc. pp. 127–. ISBN 978-971-23-4399-5.
- ^ Brian Cotterell; Johan Kamminga (1992). Mechanics of pre-industrial technology: an introduction to the mechanics of ancient and traditional material culture. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 127–. ISBN 978-0-521-42871-2.
- ^ David Wescott (1999). Primitive Technology: A Book of Earth Skills.
- ^ Supplier of modern obsidian surgical scalpels with information on use
- ^ Manutchehr-Danai, Mohsen (9 Maret 2013). Dictionary of Gems and Gemology (dalam bahasa Inggris). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783662042885.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Obsidian.
- (Inggris) Obsidian: Mineral galleries Diarsipkan 2007-06-10 di Wayback Machine.
- (Inggris) USGS Obsidian photo glossary