Pembagian administratif Tiongkok
Tampilan
Berikut ini adalah pembagian administratif di Tiongkok. Secara resmi Tiongkok dibagi menjadi 3 tingkat pembagian administratif: setingkat provinsi, setingkat kabupaten, dan setingkat kecamatan. Namun pada kenyataannya di bawah provinsi terdapat prefektur, dan di bawah kecamatan terdapat desa. Tiongkok memerintah 33 wilayah setingkat provinsi, 333 wilayah setingkat prefektur, 2.862 wilayah setingkat kabupaten, 41.636 setingkat kecamatan dan desa yang jumlahnya sangat banyak.
Tabel
Wilayah setingkat provinsi
Nama | Bahasa Tionghoa | Pinyin | Ejaan peta pos | Singkatan | Ibu kota | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trad. | Sed. | |||||
Beijing | 北京 | 北京 | Běijīng | 京 jīng | ||
Chongqing | 重慶 | 重庆 | Chóngqìng | 渝 yú | ||
Shanghai | 上海 | 上海 | Shànghǎi | 沪 hù | ||
Tianjin | 天津 | 天津 | Tiānjīn | 津 jīn | ||
Anhui | 安徽 | 安徽 | Ānhuī | Anhwei | 皖 wǎn | Hefei |
Fujian | 福建 | 福建 | Fújiàn | Fukien | 闽 mǐn | Fuzhou |
Gansu | 甘肅 | 甘肃 | Gānsù | Kansu | 甘 gān/陇 lǒng | Lanzhou |
Guangdong | 廣東 | 广东 | Guǎngdōng | Kwangtung | 粤 yuè | Guangzhou |
Guizhou | 貴州 | 贵州 | Gùizhōu | Kweichow | 黔 qián/贵 gùi | Guiyang |
Hainan | 海南 | 海南 | Hǎinán | Hainan | 琼 qióng | Haikou |
Hebei | 河北 | 河北 | Héběi | Hopeh | 冀 jì | Shijiazhuang |
Heilongjiang | 黑龍江 | 黑龙江 | Hēilóngjiāng | Heilungkiang | 黑 hēi | Harbin |
Henan | 河南 | 河南 | Hénán | Honan | 豫 yù | Zhengzhou |
Hubei | 湖北 | 湖北 | Húběi | Hupeh | 鄂 è | Wuhan |
Hunan | 湖南 | 湖南 | Húnán | Hunan | 湘 xiāng | Changsha |
Jiangsu | 江蘇 | 江苏 | Jiāngsū | Kiangsu | 苏 sū | Nanjing |
Jiangxi | 江西 | 江西 | Jiāngxī | Kiangsi | 赣 gàn | Nanchang |
Jilin | 吉林 | 吉林 | Jílín | Kirin | 吉 jí | Changchun |
Liaoning | 遼寧 | 辽宁 | Liáoníng | Fengtien | 辽 liáo | Shenyang |
Qinghai | 青海 | 青海 | Qīnghǎi | Tsinghai | 青 qīng | Xining |
Shaanxi | 陝西 | 陕西 | Shǎnxī | Shensi | 陕 shǎn/秦 qín | Xi'an |
Shanxi | 山西 | 山西 | Shānxī | Shansi | 晋 jìn | Taiyuan |
Shandong | 山東 | 山东 | Shāndōng | Shantung | 鲁 lǔ | Jinan |
Sichuan | 四川 | 四川 | Sìchuān | Szechuan | 川 chuān/蜀 shǔ | Chengdu |
Yunnan | 雲南 | 云南 | Yúnnán | Yunnan | 滇 diān/云 yún | Kunming |
Zhejiang | 浙江 | 浙江 | Zhèjiāng | Chekiang | 浙 zhè | Hangzhou |
Taiwan | 臺灣 atau 台灣 | 台湾 | Táiwān | 台 tái | Taipei | |
Wilayah Otonom Zhuang Guangxi | 廣西壯族自治區 | 广西壮族自治区 | Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū | 桂 Guì | Nanning | |
Wilayah Otonom Mongolia Dalam | 內蒙古自治區 | 内蒙古自治区 | Nèiměnggǔ Zìzhìqū | 内蒙古 Nèiměnggǔ | Hohhot | |
Wilayah Otonom Hui Ningxia | 寧夏回族自治區 | 宁夏回族自治区 | Níngxià Húizú Zìzhìqū | 宁 níng | Yinchuan | |
Wilayah Otonom Uyghur Xinjiang | 新疆維吾爾自治區 | 新疆维吾尔自治区 | Xīnjiāng Wéiwúěr Zìzhìqū | 新 xīn | Ürümqi | |
Wilayah Otonom Tibet | 西藏自治區 | 西藏自治区 | Xīzàng Zìzhìqū | 藏 zàng | Lhasa | |
Hong Kong | 香港 | 香港 | Xiānggǎng | 港 gǎng | ||
Macau | 澳門 | 澳门 | Àomén | 澳 ào |
Jumlah pembagian administratif Tiongkok
| ||||||||||
17 Prefektur (地区; dìqū): formerly the dominant second level division, thus this administrative level is often called "prefectural level". They were mostly replaced by Kota setingkat prefektur from 1983 to the 1990s. Today, prefectures exist mostly in Xinjiang and Tibet. | ||||||||||
30 Prefektur otonom (自治州; zìzhìzhōu): prefectures with one or more designated ethnic minorities, mostly in China's western regions. | ||||||||||
1 Prefektur otonom (副省级自治州; fùshěngjízìzhìzhōu) | ||||||||||
283 Kota setingkat prefektur (地级市; dìjíshì): the largest number of prefectural level divisions, generally composed of an urban center and surrounding rural areas much larger than the urban core, and thus are not "cities" but municipal in the strict sense of the term | ||||||||||
15 Kota setingkat sub-provinsi (副省级城市; fùshěngjíchéngshì) | ||||||||||
3 Liga (盟; méng): effectively the same as prefectures, but found only in Inner Mongolia. Like prefectures, leagues have mostly been replaced with prefecture-level cities. The unique name is a holdover from earlier forms of administration in Mongolia.
| ||||||||||
1,456 Kabupaten (县; xiàn): the most common county-level divisions, continuously in existence since the Warring States period, much earlier than any other level of government in China. Xian is often translated as "distrik" or "prefektur". | ||||||||||
117 Kabupaten otonom (自治县; zìzhìxiàn): counties with one or more designated ethnic minorities, analogous to autonomous regions and prefectures | ||||||||||
369 Kota setingkat kabupaten (县级市; xiànjíshì): similar to prefecture-level cities, covering both urban and rural areas. It was popular for counties to become county-level cities in the 1990s, though this has since been halted. | ||||||||||
8 Kota setingkat sub-prefektur (副地级市; fùdìjíshì) | ||||||||||
857 Distrik (市辖区; shìxiáqū): formerly the subdivisions of urban areas, consisting of built-up areas only. Recently many counties have become districts, so that districts are now often just like counties, with towns, villages, and farmland. | ||||||||||
1 Distrik kehutanan (林区; línqū): a special county-level forestry district located in Provinsi Hubei | ||||||||||
1 Distrik khusus (特区; tèqū): a special county-level division located in Provinsi Guizhou | ||||||||||
49 Panji (旗; qí): the same as counties except in the name, a holdover from earlier forms of administration in Mongolia | ||||||||||
3 Panji otonom (自治旗; zìzhìqí): the same as autonomous counties except in the name, a holdover from earlier forms of administration in Mongolia
| ||||||||||
13,749 Kota kecil (乡; xiāng): in smaller rural areas division they are divided into this subject | ||||||||||
1,098 Kota etnis (民族乡; mínzúxiāng): in a small one or more designated ethnic minorities rural areas division they are divided into this subject | ||||||||||
19,322 Kecamatan (镇; zhèn): in larger rural areas division they are divided into this subject | ||||||||||
6,686 Subdistrik (街道办事处; jiēdàobànshìchù): in a small urban areas division they are divided into this subject | ||||||||||
181 Sumu (苏木; sūmù) wilayah setingkat kecamatan di Mongolia Dalam.
| ||||||||||
80,717 Komite komunitas (居民委员会; jūmínwěiyuánhuì) Neighborhood/Community groups (居民小组; jūmínxiǎozǔ) | ||||||||||
Komunitas (社区; shèqū) | ||||||||||
623,669 Komite desa (村民委员会; cūnmínwěiyuánhuì) Village groups (村民小组; cūnmínxiǎozǔ) | ||||||||||
Desa (村; xíngzhèngcūn) | ||||||||||
Gacha (baca: /gā já/) (嘎查; gāchá) |
Provinsi dan prefektur
Daftar 22 provinsi dan 284 prefektur di Tiongkok:
Taiwan
- 5 kota/munisipalitas khusus tingkat satu (直轄市)
- 3 kotamadya tingkat dua/kota provinsi (省轄市)
- 14 kabupaten tingkat dua (縣)
Daerah otonomi
Saat ini ada 5 daerah otonomi setingkat provinsi di RRT:
- Daerah otonomi Mongolia Dalam, untuk suku Mongol
- Daerah otonomi Xinjiang, untuk suku Uigur
- Daerah otonomi Tibet, untuk suku Tibet
- Daerah otonomi Guangxi, untuk suku Zhuang dan minoritas lainnya
- Daerah otonomi Ningxia, untuk suku muslim Hui
Daerah administratif khusus
Daftar kota
Dalam bahasa Tionghoa, kata "kota" "市" (shì) dapat memiliki beberapa arti:
- Kota tingkat satu (level provinsi)
- Kota tingkat dua (level prefektur)
- Kota sub-provinsi, ada 15, contohnya: Shenyang
- Kota setingkat prefektur, ada 283, contohnya: Baoding
- Kota tingkat dua (level kabupaten)
- Kota sub-prefektur, ada 8, contohnya: Jiyuan
- Kota setingkat kabupaten, ada 369, contohnya: Yiwu
- ^ Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国行政区划; Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Xíngzhèng Qūhuà), 15 June 2005, diakses tanggal 5 June 2010
- ^ Chapter II : Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, diakses tanggal 5 June 2010
- ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, diakses tanggal 5 June 2010