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K League 1

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K League 1
Berkas:K-League.png
KonfederasiAFC
Tingkat pada piramida1
Piala domestikPiala FA
Piala internasionalLiga Champions AFC
Juara bertahan ligaJeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Klub tersuksesSeongnam Ilhwa Chunma (7)
Televisi penyiarKBS, SBS, tbs
Situs webSitus web resmi
K League 1
Hangul
K리그
Alih AksaraK rigeu
McCune–ReischauerK rigŭ

Liga Sepak bola Profesional Korea (K League) adalah satu-satunya liga sepak bola profesional di Korea Selatan.dalam sistem liga sepak bola korea selatan, ini adalah ajang paling bergengsi di korea selatan dengan 16 klub sebagai kontestan

Pembentukan

K-League didirikan pada 1983 sebagai Liga Super Korea, dengan anggota lima klub. Lima klub pertama adalah Hallelujah FC, Yukong Kokkiri, POSCO Dolphins, Daewoo Royals, Kookmin Bank FC. Hallelujah FC won the inaugural title, finishing one point ahead of Daewoo FC to lift the crown.

Pada 1998, Korea's football league was reformed and renamed the K-League. Since its creation, the league has expanded from an initial 5 to 15 clubs. Of the 5 inaugural clubs, only Yukong Kokkiri, POSCO Dolphins, and Daewoo Royals remain in the K-League; Kookmin Bank FC dropped out of the league at the end of 1984, and Hallelujah FC followed the season after.

Struktur

At present the K-League is the only professional league in Korea. It contains sixteen member clubs.

Below the level of the K-League there is the National League, a closed semi-professional/amateur league with fifteen clubs, established in 2003. The third level of football in Korea is the Challengers League.

There is, at present, no official system of promotion and relegation between any of the three leagues. However, beginning in 2006, the champions of the National League had been eligible for promotion to the K-League provided they had met certain criteria. Goyang Kookmin Bank and Ulsan Mipo Dockyard, National League champions in 2006 and 2007 respectively, both rejected the opportunity to move up to the K-League. After back-to-back K-League promotion refusals, the National League committee decided to discontinue the conditional promotion system prior to the 2008 season.

Kejadian Penting

K Liga Klasik didirikan pada tahun 1983 sebagai Korea Super League, dengan lima klub anggota. Lima klub awal adalah Hallelujah FC, Yukong Gajah, POSCO Dolphins, Daewoo Royals, Kookmin Bank FC. Haleluya FC memenangkan gelar perdana, menyelesaikan satu poin dari Daewoo Royals untuk mengangkat mahkota.

Pada tahun 1998, liga sepak bola Korea direformasi dan berganti nama menjadi Liga K. (K League adalah ortografi resmi tahun 2012) Sejak pembentukannya, liga telah berkembang dari awal 5 sampai 16 klub. Dari 5 klub perdana, hanya Yukong Gajah, POSCO Dolphins, dan Daewoo Royals tetap di Liga K; Kookmin Bank FC keluar dari liga pada akhir tahun 1984, dan Hallelujah FC diikuti musim ini setelah.

Pada tahun 2013, K League memperkenalkan sistem divisi. Nama divisi pertama adalah K Liga klasik, nama divisi kedua adalah K Liga Challenge dan nama merek komprehensif K League.

Di bawah K Liga klasik, ada K Liga Challenge, dan di bawah K Liga Challenge, ada Liga Nasional, liga semi-profesional tertutup dengan sepuluh klub, didirikan pada tahun 2003. Tingkat keempat sepak bola di Korea adalah K3.

Tidak ada sistem resmi promosi dan degradasi. Namun, mulai tahun 2013, juara K Liga Challenge memenuhi syarat untuk promosi ke K League Classic, asalkan mereka telah memenuhi kriteria tertentu. Pada musim 2012, dua tim dari K Liga Klasik diturunkan ke K Liga Challenge, dan pada tahun 2013, dua tim akan diturunkan ke K Liga Challenge, dan 11 ditempatkan tim dari K League Classic.

Ringkasan mengenai liga

The K-League season typically begins around March/April and runs to late November each year. The number of games, clubs and the systems used have varied through the years, but for 2009 the league will operate with a full stage regular season followed by a top six championship playoff system.

The sixteen member clubs play each other twice in the regular season giving a total of 30 matches. The top six sides at the end of the regular season will enter the championship playoffs, which decide final standings of the season among the six. In the first two matches, the third-placed team will face the sixth-placed team and the fourth-placed team will face the fifth-placed team, with the two winners then playing off for the right to face the second-placed team. The winner of that match will then progress to the two-legged championship playoff final where the first-placed side lie in wait, with the overall winner of the home and away series being crowned champions for 2009.

The K-League champions, runner-up and third place gain entry to the AFC Champions League the following season, with the exception of Sangmu, due to their unique status as an army team, and therefore non-professional.

A number of the member clubs are owned by major Korean Chaebols, and the club names reflect that fact. Clubs have adopted local city names in an effort to integrate themselves more with the local communities; for example, Daewoo evolved over the years into Daewoo Royals, Busan Daewoo Royals, Busan I'cons and latterly Busan I'Park.

Following the 2002 FIFA World Cup, leaders of the K-League had hoped to transfer South Korea’s passion for its National Team to the domestic league. However, the K-League continued to flounder.[1] Although a number of K-League clubs have relocated in the past, the Lucky Goldstar (LG) corporation caused a huge controversyTemplat:Nonspecific at the end of 2003 when they made the decision to uproot their Anyang LG Cheetahs from the Seoul satellite city of Anyang and move into the empty Seoul World Cup stadium, becoming FC Seoul. Then following the 2005 season SK announced it was moving the Bucheon SK FC to the island of Jeju, where they became Jeju United.

In the 2009 season, Gangwon FC (Head Coach: Choi Sun-Ho, former Ulsan Hyundai Mipo Chosun head coach) joined the K-League as its 15th member club. As such, the K-League had one or more club in every Korean Province (Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, Chungcheong, Gangwon, and Jeju). This is the first time in domestic Korean professional sports history that there has been at least two clubs in each Korean province.

On April 5, 2010, Gwangju City has announced a plan to establish a football club by end of 2010 & to join the league from the 2011 season. On October 12, 2010, the club was approved to join the league as 16th member club.

On October 5, 2011, the league announced a plan to introduce a relegation system from 2012 season. A number of teams of the league will decreased to 12 teams from 2013 season. 4 teams will be relegated to next level league based on the standing of 2012 season. And, the league introduced a split system like Scottish Premier League from the 2012 season.

The league introduced the relegation system from the 2012 season. According to new relegation rule, 2 teams each will be relegated to lower level league based on the standing of 2012 and 2013 season, respectively (total: 4 teams). The league also changed the amount of entrance fee from 1 billion to 500 million Korean won.

Musim 2012

Klub Peserta (2012)

The following 16 clubs will compete in the K-League during the 2012 season.

Club City / Area Manager Joined Owner(s) / Sponsor(s)
0 Busan IPark 0 Busan Korea Selatan Ahn Ik-Soo
1983 -
Owner : IPark Sports in Hyundai Development Company
0 Templat:Fb team Chunnam Dragons 0 Jeonnam Korea Selatan Jung Hae-Seong
1995 -
Owner : Gwangyang Steelworks in POSCO
0 Templat:Fb team Daegu FC 0 Daegu Brasil Moacir Pereira
2003 -
Owners : Government of Daegu, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : Doosan Group, Daegu Bank
0 Templat:Fb team Daejeon Citizen 0 Daejeon Korea Selatan Wang Sun-Jae
1997 -
Owners : Government of Daejeon, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : Kyeryong Construction Co.,Ltd, Hanwha Group
0 Templat:Fb team Gangwon FC 0 Gangwon Korea Selatan Choi Soon-Ho
2009 -
Owners : Government of Gangwon-do, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : High1 Resort, Nonghyup
0 Templat:Fb team Gwangju FC 0 Gwangju Korea Selatan Choi Man-Hee
2011 -
Owners : Government of Gwangju, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : Gwangju Bank
0 Templat:Fb team Gyeongnam FC 0 Gyeongnam Korea Selatan Choi Jin-Han
2006 -
Owners : Government of Gyeongsangnam-do, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : STX Corporation, Gyeongnam Bank
0 Templat:Fb team Incheon United 0 Incheon Korea Selatan Huh Jung-Moo
2004 -
Owners : Government of Incheon, Citizen Stockholder
Sponsors : Daewoo E&C, Shinhan Bank, GM Korea
0 Templat:Fb team Jeju United FC 0 Jeju Korea Selatan Park Kyung-Hoon
1983 -
Owner : SK Energy in SK Group
0 Templat:Fb team Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 0 Jeonbuk Korea Selatan Lee Heung-Sil (C)
1995 -
Owner : Hyundai Motor Company in Hyundai Motor Group
0 Templat:Fb team Pohang Steelers 0 Pohang, Gyeongbuk Korea Selatan Hwang Sun-Hong
1983 -
Owner : Pohang Steelworks in POSCO
0 Templat:Fb team Sangju Sangmu Phoenix 0 Sangju, Gyeongbuk Korea Selatan Park Hang-Seo
1985
2003 -
Owners : Government of Sangju, Ministry of National Defence
Sponsors :
0 Templat:Fb team Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma 0 Seongnam, Gyeonggi Korea Selatan Shin Tae-Yong
1989 -
Owner : Ilhwa in Tongil Group
0 Templat:Fb team FC Seoul 0 Seoul Korea Selatan Choi Yong-Soo
1984 -
Owner : GS Sports in GS Group
0 Templat:Fb team Suwon Samsung Bluewings 0 Suwon, Gyeonggi Korea Selatan Yoon Sung-Hyo
1996 -
Owner : Samsung Electronics in Samsung Group
0 Templat:Fb team Ulsan Hyundai FC 0 Ulsan Korea Selatan Kim Ho-Gon
1984 -
Owner : Hyundai Heavy Industries in Hyundai Heavy Industries Group

Stadion (2012)

Primary venues used in the K-League:

Busan IPark Chunnam Dragons Daegu FC Daejeon Citizen Gangwon FC Gwangju FC
Stadion Busan Asiad Stadion Gwangyang Stadion Daegu Stadion Piala Dunia Daejeon Stadion Gangneung Stadion Piala Dunia Gwangju
Kapasitas: 53.864 Kapasitas: 20.009 Kapasitas: 66.422 Kapasitas: 40.535 Kapasitas: 22.333 Kapasitas: 40.245
Berkas:GWANGJU-W4.JPG
Gyeongnam FC Incheon United Jeju United Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Pohang Steelers Sangju Sangmu Phoenix
Stadion Pusat Sepak bola Changwon Stadion Incheon Stadion Piala Dunia Jeju Stadion Piala Dunia Jeonju Pohang Steel Yard Stadion Rakyat Sangju
Kapasitas: 15.116 Kapasitas: 20.891 Kapasitas: 35.657 Kapasitas: 42.477 Kapasitas: 25.000 Kapasitas: 15.042
Berkas:Jeju Worldcup Stadium 201107092.JPG Berkas:Jeonju WC Stadium E-Sector.jpg
Seongnam Ilhwa
Chunma
FC Seoul Suwon Samsung
Bluewings
Ulsan Hyundai
Kompleks Olahraga Tancheon Stadion Piala Dunia Seoul Stadion Piala Dunia Suwon Stadion Ulsan Munsu
Kapasitas: 16.250 Kapasitas: 66.806 Kapasitas: 43.959 Kapasitas: 44.474
Berkas:Suwon World Cup Stadium 20120520 4.JPG Berkas:Ulsan 20030717 1.JPG

Sejarah K-League

Juara K-League

Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma are the most successful team in terms of championship victories, having lifted the title on no less than seven occasions.
The roll-call of champions is as follows (present-date names included where teams have changed names previously):

  • K-League's principle of official statistics is that final club succeeds to predecessor club's history & records.

Gelar berdasarkan Musim

1983-1999

Musim Pemenang Juara Dua
1983 Hallelujah FC Daewoo Royals
1984 Daewoo Royals Yukong Kokkiri
1985 Lucky-Goldstar Hwangso POSCO Atoms
1986 POSCO Atoms Luck-Goldstar Hwangso
1987 Daewoo Royals POSCO Atoms
1988 POSCO Atoms Hyundai Horang-i
1989 Yukong Kokkiri Lucky-Goldstar Hwangso
1990 Lucky-Goldstar Hwangso Daewoo Royals
1991 Daewoo Royals Hyundai Horang-i
1992 POSCO Atoms Ilhwa Chunma
1993 Ilhwa Chunma LG Cheetahs
1994 Ilhwa Chunma Yukong Kokkiri
1995 Ilhwa Chunma Pohang Atoms
1996 Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i Suwon Samsung Bluewings
1997 Pusan Daewoo Royals Chunnam Dragons
1998 Suwon Samsung Bluewings Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i
1999 Suwon Samsung Bluewings Pusan Daewoo Royals
 

2000—sekarang

Musim Pemenang Juara Dua
2000 Anyang LG Cheetahs Bucheon SK
2001 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma Anyang LG Cheetahs
2002 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i
2003 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i
2004 Suwon Samsung Bluewings Pohang Steelers
2005 Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i Incheon United
2006 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma Suwon Samsung Bluewings
2007 Pohang Steelers Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma
2008 Suwon Samsung Bluewings FC Seoul
2009 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma
2010 FC Seoul Jeju United
2011 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Ulsan Hyundai
2012 FC Seoul Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors

Gelar berdasarkan Klub

Club Champions Runners-Up Winning Seasons Runners-Up Seasons
Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma
7
3
1993, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006 1992, 2007, 2009
FC Seoul
5
5
1985, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2012 1986, 1989, 1993, 2001, 2008
Pohang Steelers
4
4
1986, 1988, 1992, 2007 1985, 1987, 1995, 2004
Busan IPark
4
3
1984, 1987, 1991, 1997 1983, 1990, 1999
Suwon Samsung Bluewings
4
2
1998, 1999, 2004, 2008 1996, 2006
Ulsan Hyundai
2
6
1996, 2005 1988, 1991, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2011
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
2
0
2009, 2011
Jeju United
1
4
1989 1984, 1994, 2000, 2010
Hallelujah FC
1
0
1983
Chunnam Dragons
0
1
1997
Incheon United
0
1
2005