James Charles Stuart
James VI and I | |
---|---|
Raja Skotlandia, Inggris dan Irlandia King of Scots, England, and Ireland | |
Berkuasa | Di Skotlandia: 24 Juli 1567 – 27 Maret 1625 Di Inggris dan Irlandia: 24 Maret 1603 – 27 Maret 1625 |
Pendahulu | Mary, Ratu Skotlandia Elizabeth I dari Inggris |
Penerus | Charles I |
Wali | James, Earl of Moray (1567–70) Matthew, Earl of Lennox (1570–71) John, Earl of Mar (1571–72) James, Earl of Morton (1572–81) |
Pemakaman | |
Pasangan | Anne dari Denmark |
Keturunan among others... | Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales Elizabeth of Bohemia Charles I Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre |
Wangsa | Wangsa Stuart |
Ayah | Lord Darnley |
Ibu | Mary, Ratu Skotlandia |
James VI dari Skotlandia atau James I dari Inggris dan Irlandia ialah Raja Inggris, Raja Skotlandia, dan Raja Irlandia, dan raja pertama yang menyebut dirinya Raja Britania Raya. Ia lahir pada 19 Juni 1566 dan meninggal pada 27 Maret 1625. Ia berkuasa di Skotlandia sebagai James VI dari 24 Juli 1567 sampai Elizabeth I dari Inggris meninggal pada 1603. Lalu ia berkuasa di Inggris dan Irlandia dari Persatuan Mahkota pada 24 Maret 1603 sampai saat meninggalnya. Ia adalah penguasa pertama di Inggris dari Wangsa Stuart. Penguasa Inggris yang berasal dari Wangsa Tudor terakhir ialah Elizabeth I. Ia meninggal tanpa meninggalkan anak.
Ia adalah penguasa yang baik di Skotlandia namun penguasa yang buruk di Inggris. Ia bertengkar dengan parlemen dan tak menggunakan uang kerajaan dengan baik. Beberapa orang mengatakan dialah penyebab Perang Saudara Inggris. Dalam perang ini, putranya, Charles I terbunuh. Namun saat James berkuasa, pemerintahan Skotlandia dan Inggris cukup stabil. James amat terdidik dan bagus dalam belajar. Ia membantu orang dalam Elizabethan England untuk belajar berbagai hal seperti sains, sastra, dan seni. James menulis Daemonologie pada 1597, The True Law of Free Monarchies pada 1598, Basilikon Doron pada 1599, dan A Counterblaste to Tobacco pada 1604.
Pada masa pemerintahannya, Alkitab Versi Raja James diterjemahkan.
Sumber
- Akrigg, G. P. V., ed. (1984), Letters of King James VI & I, Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California, ISBN 0-520-04707-9
- Barroll, J. Leeds (2001), Anna of Denmark, Queen of England: A Cultural Biography, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, ISBN 0-8122-3574-6
- Bucholz, Robert; Key, Newton (2004), Early Modern England, 1485–1714: A Narrative History, Oxford: Blackwell, ISBN 0-631-21393-7
- Cogswell, Thomas (2005) [1989], The Blessed Revolution: English Politics and the Coming of War 1621–24, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-02313-0
- Croft, Pauline (2003), King James, Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 0-333-61395-3.
- Davies, Godfrey (1959) [1937], The Early Stuarts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 0-19-821704-8
- Donaldson, Gordon (1974), Mary, Queen of Scots, London: English Universities Press, ISBN 0-340-12383-4
- Guy, John (2004), My Heart is My Own: The Life of Mary Queen of Scots, London and New York: Fourth Estate, ISBN 1-84115-752-X
- Hunter, James (2000), Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, Edinburgh: Mainstream, ISBN 1-84018-376-4
- Jack, R. D. S. (1988), "Poetry under King James VI", dalam Craig, Cairns, The History of Scottish Literature, 1, Aberdeen University Press
- Keay, J.; Keay, J. (1994), Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland, London: HarperCollins, ISBN 0-00-255082-2
- Krugler, John D. (2004), English and Catholic: The Lords Baltimore in the Seventeenth Century, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-7963-9
- Law, Thomas Graves (1904), "John Craig", dalam Brown, P. Hume, Collected Essays and Reviews of Thomas Graves Law, Edinburgh: T. & A. Constable, Edinburgh University Press
- Lindley, David (1993), The Trials of Frances Howard: Fact and Fiction at the Court of King James, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-05206-8
- Lockyer, Roger (1981), Buckingham: The Life and Political Career of George Villiers, First Duke of Buckingham, 1592–1628, Longman, ISBN 0582502969
- Lockyer, Roger (1998), James VI and I, Longman, ISBN 0-582-27961-5
- Louda, Jiří; Maclagan, Michael (1999) [1981], Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe (edisi ke-2nd), London: Little, Brown, ISBN 978-0-316-84820-6
- MacKinnon, Kenneth (1991), Gaelic – A Past and Future Prospect, Edinburgh: The Saltire Society, ISBN 0-85411-047-X
- Martin, Patrick H. (2016), Elizabethan Espionage: Plotters and Spies in the Struggle Between Catholicism and the Crown, Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, ISBN 978-1-476-66255-8
- Milling, Jane (2004), "The Development of a Professional Theatre", dalam Milling, Jane; Thomson, Peter; Donohue, Joseph W., The Cambridge History of British Theatre, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-65040-2
- Perry, Curtis (2006), Literature and Favoritism in Early Modern England, Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-85405-9
- Rhodes, Neil; Richards, Jennifer; Marshall, Joseph (2003), King James VI and I: Selected Writings, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN 0-7546-0482-9
- Rotary Club of Stornoway (1995), The Outer Hebrides Handbook and Guide, Machynlleth: Kittiwake, ISBN 0-9511003-5-1
- Schama, Simon (2001), A History of Britain, II, New York: Hyperion
- Smith, David L. (2003), "Politics in Early Stuart Britain", dalam Coward, Barry, A Companion to Stuart Britain, Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 0-631-21874-2
- Stewart, Alan (2003), The Cradle King: A Life of James VI & I, London: Chatto and Windus, ISBN 0-7011-6984-2
- Stroud, Angus (1999), Stuart England, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-20652-9
- Thompson, Francis (1968), Harris and Lewis, Outer Hebrides, Newton Abbot: David & Charles, ISBN 0-7153-4260-6
- Thomson, Thomas, ed. (1827), Sir James Melvill of Halhill; Memoirs of his own life, Bannatyne Club
- Williams, Ethel Carleton (1970), Anne of Denmark, London: Longman, ISBN 0-582-12783-1
- Willson, David Harris (1963) [1956], King James VI & I, London: Jonathan Cape, ISBN 0-224-60572-0
- Wormald, Jenny (May 2011) [2004], "James VI and I (1566–1625)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14592 berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Akrigg, G. P. V. (1978). Jacobean Pageant: The Court of King James I. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-70003-2
- Fraser, A. (1974). King James VI of Scotland, I of England. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-76775-5
- Coward, B. (2017). The Stuart Age – England, 1603–1714 5th edition ch.4. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-4058-5916-5
- Durston, C. (1993). James I. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-07779-6
- Fincham, Kenneth; Lake, Peter (1985). "The ecclesiastical policy of King James I" Journal of British Studies 24 (2): 169–207
- Gardiner, S. R. (1907). "Britain under James I" in The Cambridge Modern History vol. 3 ch. 17 online
- Goodare, Julian (2009). "The debts of James VI of Scotland" The Economic History Review 62 (4): 926–952
- Hirst, Derek (1986). Authority and Conflict – England 1603–1658 pp. 96–136, Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-05290-0
- Houston, S. J. (1974). James I. Longman. ISBN 0-582-35208-8
- Lee, Maurice (1984). "James I and the Historians: Not a Bad King After All?" Albion 16 (2): 151–163. in JSTOR
- Montague, F. C. (1907). The History of England from the Accession of James 1st to the Restoration (1603–1660) online
- Peck, Linda Levy (1982). Northampton: Patronage and Policy at the Court of James I. Harper Collins. ISBN 0-04-942177-8
- Schwarz, Marc L. (1974). "James I and the Historians: Toward a Reconsideration" Journal of British Studies 13 (2): 114–134 in JSTOR
- Smith, D. L. (1998). A History of the Modern British Isles – 1603–1707 – The Double Crown chs. 2, 3.1, and 3.2. Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-19402-6
- Wormald, Jenny (1983). "James VI and I: Two Kings or One?" History 68 (223): 187–209
- Young, Michael B. (1999). King James VI and I and the History of Homosexuality. Springer.
- Young, Michael B. (2012). "James VI and I: Time for a Reconsideration?" Journal of British Studies 51 (3): 540–567
Pranala luar
- Karya James Charles Stuart di Project Gutenberg
- Karya oleh/tentang James Charles Stuart di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Karya James Charles Stuart di LibriVox (buku suara domain umum)
- Documents on James I curated by The National Archives (United Kingdom)
Didahului oleh: Mary, Ratu Skotlandia Elizabeth I dari Inggris |
Raja Inggris & Irlandia, Raja Skotlandia Wangsa Stuart 1603–1625 |
Diteruskan oleh: Charles I |