Mitologi
Istilah "mitologi" dapat berarti kajian tentang mitos (misalnya mitologi perbandingan), maupun sebuah himpunan atau koleksi mitos-mitos (misalnya mitologi Inka).[1] Dalam folkloristika, suatu mitos adalah kisah suci yang biasanya menjelaskan bagaimana dunia maupun manusia dapat terbentuk seperti sekarang ini,[2] meskipun, dalam pengertian yang sangat luas, istilah tersebut dapat mengacu kepada cerita tradisional.[3]
Mitologi terkait dekat dengan legenda maupun cerita rakyat. Mitologi dapat mencakup kisah penciptaan dunia sampai asal mula suatu bangsa. Tidak seperti mitologi, pada cerita rakyat, waktu dan tempat tidak spesifik dan ceritanya tidak dianggap sebagai kisah suci yang dipercaya kebenarannya. Sedangkan pada legenda, pelaku-pelakunya adalah manusia dan meskipun kejadiannya dianggap benar-benar terjadi, dapat mengandung kisah makhluk supranatural (dewa, setan, dsb.) dan kejadian luar biasa (kutukan, keajaiban, dsb.) seperti pada mitologi. Biasanya latar pada legenda adalah masa-masa pada saat manusia sudah ada dan dikaitkan dengan sejarah dan asal mula suatu tempat.
Mitologi berdasarkan wilayah
Afrika Utara
Afrika Barat
- Mitologi Akan
- Mitologi Ashanti (Ghana)
- Mitologi Dahomey (Fon)
- Mitologi Efik (Nigeria, Kamerun)
- Mitologi Igbo (Nigeria, Kamerun)
- Mitologi Isoko (Nigeria)
- Mitologi Yoruba (Nigeria, Benin)
Afrika Tengah
- Mitologi Bushongo (Kongo)
- Mitologi Baluba
- Mitologi Bambuti (Pigmi) (Kongo)
- Mitologi Lugbara (Kongo)
Afrika Timur
- Mitologi Akamba (Kenya Timur)
- Mitologi Dinka (Sudan)
- Mitologi Lotuko (Sudan)
- Mitologi Masai (Kenya, Tanzania)
Afrika Selatan
- Mitologi Khoikhoi
- Mitologi Lozi (Zambia)
- Mitologi Madagaskar
- Mitologi Tumbuka (Malawi)
- Mitologi Zulu (Afrika Selatan)
bersinggungan dengan Asia, Eropa Utara dan Amerika Utara.
Asia Barat Daya
Timur Tengah, Persia, Anatolia, Kaukasus
Peradaban kuno
- Mitologi Mesopotamia (Sumeria, Asiro-Babilonia)
- Mitologi Semitik
- Mitologi Hittite
- Mitologi Hurrian
- Mitologi Scythia
abad pertengahan sampai modern
- Mitologi Armenia
- Mitologi Ossetia
- Mitologi Arab
- Mitologi Islam
- Mitologi Kurdi
- Mitologi Persia
- Mitologi Turki
Asia Selatan
Asia Timur
Asia Tenggara
Asia Tengah dan Utara
bersinggungan dengan Eropa timur dan utara
- Mitologi Aborigin
- Mitologi Hawaii
- Mitologi Maori
- Mitologi Melanesia
- Mitologi Mikronesia
- Mitologi Papua
- Mitologi Polinesia
- Mitologi Rapa Nui
Zaman prasejarah
- Mitologi Yunani
- Mitologi Romawi
- Mitologi Etruria
- Mitologi Kelt
- Mitologi Jermanik
- Mitologi Paleo-Balkan
- Mitologi Lusitania
Eropa Utara
Kepulauan Britania
Eropa Barat
Eropa Timur
Eropa Selatan
Amerika Utara
Algonquia (Amerika Serikat bagian timur laut, Great Lakes)
Dataran Indian
Muskogean (Amerika Serikat bagian selatan) dan Iraquois (Amerika Serikat bagian Timur)
Alaska dan Artik Kanada
Pasifik Barat Laut
Uto-Aztec (Great Basin hingga Meksiko)
Amerika Serikat bagian barat laut
Amerika Tengah
Karibia
Amerika Selatan
Campuran Afrika
Mitologi berdasarkan agama
Mitologi berdasarkan waktu
Zaman Perunggu
- Mitologi Proto-Indo-Eropa
- Mitologi Mesopotamia
- Mitologi Mesir kuno
- Mitologi Hittite
- Mitologi Hurria
- Mitologi Regweda
Zaman Besi
Prasejarah Akhir
Catatan kaki
Referensi
- Armstrong, Karen. "A Short History of Myth". Knopf Canada, 2006.
- Bascom, William. "The Forms of Folklore: Prose Narratives". 'Sacred Narrative: Readings in the Theory of Myth. Ed. Alan Dundes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 5-29.
- Bulfinch, Thomas. Bulfinch's Mythology. Whitefish: Kessinger, 2004.
- Campbell, Joeseph. "The Power of Myth". New York: Doubleday, 1988.
- Doty, William. Myth: A Handbook. Westport: Greenwood, 2004.
- Dundes, Alan. "Binary Opposition in Myth: The Propp/Levi-Strauss Debate in Retrospect". Western Folklore 56 (Winter, 1997): 39-50.
- Dundes, Alan. Introduction. Sacred Narrative: Readings in the Theory of Myth. Ed. Alan Dundes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 1-3.
- Dunes, Alan. "Madness in Method Plus a Plea for Projective Inversion in Myth". Myth and Method. Ed. Laurie Patton and Wendy Doniger. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1996.
- Eliade, Mircea. Myth and Reality. Trans. Willard R. Trask. New York: Harper & Row, 1963.
- Eliade, Mircea. Myths, Dreams and Mysteries. Trans. Philip Mairet. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.
- "Euhemerism". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. Ed. John Bowker. Oxford University Press, 2000. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. UC - Berkeley Library. 20 March 2009 .
- Fabiani, Paolo "The Philosophy of the Imagination in Vico and Malebranche". F.U.P. (Florence UP), English edition 2009. PDF
- Frankfort, Henri, et al. The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man: An Essay on Speculative Thought in the Ancient Near East. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1977.
- Frazer, James. The Golden Bough. New York: Macmillan, 1922.
- Graf, Fritz. Greek Mythology. Trans. Thomas Marier. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993.
- Honko, Lauri. "The Problem of Defining Myth". Sacred Narrative: Readings in the Theory of Myth. Ed. Alan Dundes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 41-52.
- Kirk, G.S. Myth: Its Meaning and Functions in Ancient and Other Cultures. Berkeley: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
- Kirk, G.S. "On Defining Myths". Sacred Narrative: Readings in the Theory of Myth. Ed. Alan Dundes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 53-61.
- Leonard, Scott. "The History of Mythology: Part I". Scott A. Leonard's Home Page. August 2007.Youngstown State University, 17 November 2009
- Littleton, Covington. The New Comparative Mythology: An Anthropological Assessment of the Theories of Georges Dumezil. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.
- Meletinsky, Elea. The Poetics of Myth. Trans. Guy Lanoue and Alexandre Sadetsky. New York: Routledge, 2000.
- "myth." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 21 March 2009
- "myths". A Dictionary of English Folklore. Jacqueline Simpson and Steve Roud. Oxford University Press, 2000. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. UC - Berkeley Library. 20 March 2009 Oxfordreference.com
- Northup, Lesley. "Myth-Placed Priorities: Religion and the Study of Myth". Religious Studies Review 32.1(2006): 5-10.
- O'Flaherty, Wendy. Hindu Myths: A Sourcebook. London: Penguin, 1975.
- Pettazzoni, Raffaele. "The Truth of Myth". Sacred Narrative: Readings in the Theory of Myth. Ed. Alan Dundes. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 98-109.
- Segal, Robert. Myth: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004.
- Simpson, Michael. Introduction. Apollodorus. Gods and Heroes of the Greeks. Trans. Michael Simpson. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1976. 1-9.
- Singer, Irving. "Introduction: Philosophical Dimensions of Myth and Cinema." Cinematic Mythmaking: Philosophy in Film. Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States: MIT Press Books, 2008. 3-6. Web. 23 Oct. 2011.
- Indick, William. "Classical Heroes in Modern Movies: Mythological Patterns of the Superhero." Journal of Media Psychology 9.3 (2004): 93-95. York University Libraries. Web.
- Koven, Mikel J. "Folklore Studies and Popular Film and Television: a Necessary Critical Survey." Journal of American Folklore 116.460 (2003): 176-195. Print.
- Olson, Eric L. "Great Expectations: the Role of Myth in 1980s Films with Child Heroes." Virginia Polytechnic Scholarly Library. Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University, 3 May 2011. Web. 24 Oct. 2011. <http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05172011-113805/unrestricted/OLSON_EL_T_2011.pdf>.
- Matira, Lopamundra. "Children's Oral Literature and Modern Mass Media." Indian Folklore Research Journal 5.8 (2008): 55-57. Print.
- Cormer, John. "Narrative." Critical Ideas in Television Studies. New York, United States: Charendon Press, 2007. 47-59. Print.