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Emigrasi dari Eropa

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Diaspora Eropa
Eropa
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Populasi keturunan Eropa
berdasarkan referensi di bawah ini.
 Amerika Serikat223,553,265[1]
 Brasil92,003,000[2]
 Argentina38,000,000+[3]
 Kanada27,220,465[4]
 Meksiko25,000,000
 Australia20,982,665
 Kolombia17,519,500[5][6]
 Venezuela11,896,848[7][8] [9]
 Kuba7,271,926[10]
 Afrika Selatan4,472,100[11]
 Chili3,5M-5,128,000[12][13]
 Kosta Rika3,500,000[14]
 Selandia Baru3,381,076[15]
 Puerto Riko3,064,862[16]
 Uruguay2,851,095[17]
 Republik Dominika2,000,000[9]
 Bolivia2,000,000[9]
 Peru1,4M-4,4M[18][9]
 Ekuador1,400,000[19]
 Paraguay1,300,000[14]
 Nikaragua1,000,000[9]
Bahasa
Bahasa Eropa
Agama
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Kelompok etnik terkait
Diaspora

Emigrasi dari Eropa dimulai secara besar-besaran selama imperium kolonial Eropa ke-17 sampai abad ke-19 dan berlanjut hingga hari ini. Hal ini menyangkut terutama Kekaisaran Spanyol di abad 16 hingga ke-17 (perluasan Hispanosphere), Kerajaan Inggris pada abad 18 sampai abad ke-19 (perluasan Anglosphere), Kekaisaran Portugis dan Kekaisaran Rusia pada abad ke-19 (ekspansi ke Asia Tengah dan Timur Jauh Rusia).

Dari 1815-1932, 60 juta orang meninggalkan Eropa (dengan banyak pulang ke rumah), terutama untuk "daerah pemukiman Eropa," di Amerika Utara dan Selatan (terutama ke Amerika Serikat, Kanada, Argentina dan Brazil), Australia, Selandia Baru dan . Siberia[20] populasi ini juga dikalikan dengan cepat di habitat baru mereka; jauh melebihi daripada populasi Afrika dan Asia. Akibatnya, menjelang Perang Dunia Pertama, 38% dari total populasi dunia adalah keturunan Eropa. [20]

Di Asia, populasi Eropa yang diturunkan (khusus Rusia) mendominasi di Asia Utara, yang merupakan bagian dari Federasi Rusia. Afrika tidak memiliki negara dengan mayoritas keturunan Eropa, tapi ada minoritas yang signifikan di Afrika Selatan dan Namibia.

Negara-negara di benua Amerika yang menerima gelombang imigran besar Eropa 1871-1960, adalah: Amerika Serikat (27 juta), Argentina (6,5 juta), Brasil (4,5 juta), Kanada (4 juta), Venezuela (lebih dari 1 juta),[21] Cuba (610.000), Uruguay (600.000); negara-negara lain menerima aliran imigrasi secara sederhana dan kecil (akuntansi kurang dari 10% dari total aliran beremigrasi Eropa ke Amerika Latin), mereka adalah: Chile (183.000), Peru (150.000),[22] dan Meksiko (25.000).[23][24][25]

Migrasi awal

Referensi

  1. ^ 2010 United States Census statistics
  2. ^ IGBE: Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilio. Tabela 262 - População residente, por cor ou raça.
  3. ^ http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf
  4. ^ Canada Census 2006
  5. ^ Bushnell, David & Rex A. Hudson (2010) "The Society and Its Environment"; Colombia: a country study: 87. Washingtion D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
  6. ^ "White Colombians" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 16 January 2014. 
  7. ^ Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 Venezuela 2011 Census , (p. 14).
  8. ^ http://www.ine.gob.ve/ INE : (adapted the % of 41,1% white people from the census with the actual new official census results
  9. ^ a b c d e "Ethnic groups". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Diakses tanggal 14 September 2013. 
  10. ^ Cuba 2002 Census.
  11. ^ /www.statssa.gov.za South Africa statistics.
  12. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama BritannicaCL
  13. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama E.Medina-and-A.M.Kaempffer
  14. ^ a b Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Lizcano
  15. ^ Statistics New Zealand Highlights: Ethnic groups in New Zealand
  16. ^ 2010 Census Data. "2010 Census Data". 2010.census.gov. Diakses tanggal 2011-10-30. 
  17. ^ "Atlas Sociodemografico y de la Desigualdad en Uruguay , 2011: Ancestry" (PDF) (dalam bahasa Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. 
  18. ^ The Socioeconomic Advantages of Mestizos in Urban Peru. princeton.edu. pp. 4-5.
  19. ^ Nacional de Estadística y Censo del Ecuador INEC.
  20. ^ a b "European Migration and Imperialism". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 November 2010. Diakses tanggal 14 September 2013. The population of Europe entered its third and decisive stage in the early eighteenth century. Birthrates declined, but death rates also declined as the standard of living and advances in medical science provided for longer life spans. The population of Europe including Russia more than doubled from 188 million in 1800 to 432 million in 1900. From 1815 through 1932, sixty million people left Europe, primarily to "areas of European settlement," in North and South America, Australia, New Zealand and Siberia. These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia. As a result, on the eve of World War One (1914), 38 percent of the world’s total population was of European ancestry. This growth in population provided further impetus for European expansion, and became the driving force behind emigration. Rising populations put pressure on land, and land hunger and led to "land hunger." Millions of people went abroad in search of work or economic opportunity. The Irish, who left for America during the great Potato famine, were an extreme but not unique example. Ultimately, one third of all European migrants came from the British Isles between 1840 and 1920. Italians also migrated in large numbers because of poor economic conditions in their home country. German migration also was steady until industrial conditions in Germany improved when the wave of migration slowed. Less than one half of all migrants went to the United States, although it absorbed the largest number of European migrants. Others went to Asiatic Russia, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand. 
  21. ^ http://www.asean-latin2012.com/venezuela.html "Between 1900 and 1958 more than one million Europeans immigrated to Venezuela."
  22. ^ Giovanni Bonfiglio, Las migraciones internacionales como motor de desarrollo en el Perú, Museo Nacional Japonés Americano. Publicado el 1 de julio de 2008. Consultado el 30 de octubre de 2011.
  23. ^ European Immigration into Latin America, 1870-1930
  24. ^ La estructura social
  25. ^ http://www.discovernikkei.org/en/journal/2008/7/1/2679/
  26. ^ Western North Africa, 1–500 A.D., The Metropolitan Museum of Art
  27. ^ Archaeologists Find Celts In Unlikely Spot: Turkey, New York Times
  28. ^ Diversity in the Desert: Daily Life in Greek and Roman Egypt, 332 B.C.E. - 641 C.E.
  29. ^ Alexander the Great and precious stones in Afghanistan, The Toronto Times
  30. ^ Cyril and Methodius of Thessalonica: The Acculturation of the Slavs
  31. ^ The Fate of Greenland's Vikings
  32. ^ Benjamin Z. Kedar, "The Subjected Muslims of the Frankish Levant", in The Crusades: The Essential Readings, ed. Thomas F. Madden, Blackwell, 2002, pg. 244. Originally published in Muslims Under Latin Rule, 1100-1300, ed. James M. Powell, Princeton University Press, 1990. Kedar quotes his numbers from Joshua Prawer, Histoire du royaume latin de Jérusalem, tr. G. Nahon, Paris, 1969, vol. 1, pp. 498, 568-72.
  33. ^ Crusaders 'left genetic legacy', BBC News
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