Marvin Gaye

Marvin Gaye
Gaye pada 1973
Informasi latar belakang
Nama lahir	Marvin Pentz Gay Jr.
Lahir	(1939-04-02)2 April 1939 Washington, D.C., Amerika Serikat
Meninggal	1 April 1984(1984-04-01) (umur 44) Los Angeles, California, Amerika Serikat
Genre	R&B soul psychedelic soul funk jazz pop
Pekerjaan	Penyanyi Penulis lagu Produser rekaman
Instrumen	Vokal Piano Keyboards Penyintesis Drum
Tahun aktif	1957–1984
Label	Tamla Tamla-Motown Columbia
Artis terkait	Harvey Fuqua Mary Wells Kim Weston Tammi Terrell Diana Ross

Marvin Gaye (nama lahir: Marvin Pentz Gay Jr; 2 April 1939 – 1 April 1984) adalah penyanyi, penulis lagu, dan produser rekaman berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Gaye sebagai musikus yang banyak berpengaruh terhadap gaya musik ala Motown pada dasawarsa 1960-an, sebagai pemain sesi panggung Motown, dan kemudian sebagai musikus solo dengan serangkaian hit, sehingga dijuluki "Pangeran Motown" dan "Pangeran Musik Soul".

Lagu-lagu Gaye di Motown termasuk "Ain't That Peculiar", "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)", dan "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", serta rekaman duet dengan Mary Wells, Kim Weston, Diana Ross, dan Tammi Terrell . Selama tahun 1970-an, ia merekam album What's Going On dan Let's Get It On dan menjadi salah satu artis ternama pertama di Motown, bersama dengan Stevie Wonder, yang tidak bergantung sepenuhnya oleh Motown. Rekamannya kemudian mempengaruhi beberapa subgenre R&B kontemporer, seperti quiet storm dan neo soul. Setelah sempat lama di Eropa karena menghindari pajak dalam negeri pada awal 1980-an, Gaye merilis hit 1982 "Sexual Healing", yang memenangkan Grammy Awards pertamanya, dan album induknya Midnight Love. Penampilan terakhir Gaye di televisi pada All-Star Game NBA 1983, di mana ia menyanyikan "The Star-Spangled Banner", Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever; dan Soul Train yang merupakan penampilan ketiga dan terakhirnya.

Pada 1 April 1984, Marvin Gaye dibunuh oleh ayahnya, Marvin Gay Sr. Ia ditembak oleh ayahnya dengan cara menggunakan pistol dari jarak dekat, di rumah mereka di distrik West Adams, Los Angeles. Sejak kematiannya, banyak institusi yang telah memberikan penghargaan kepada Gaye secara anumerta termasuk Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, dan menjadi anggota abadi Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame, Songwriters Hall of Fame, dan Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Diskografi

Album studio

• The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye (1961)
• That Stubborn Kinda Fellow (1963)
• When I'm Alone I Cry (1964)
• Hello Broadway (1964)
• How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You (1965)
• A Tribute to the Great Nat "King" Cole (1965)
• Moods of Marvin Gaye (1966)
• I Heard It Through the Grapevine (1968)
• M.P.G. (1969)
• That's the Way Love Is (1970)
• What's Going On (1971)
• Trouble Man (1972)
• Let's Get It On (1973)
• I Want You (1976)
• Here, My Dear (1978)
• In Our Lifetime (1981)
• Midnight Love (1982)

Album kolaborasi

• Together (bersama Mary Wells) (1964)
• Take Two (bersama Kim Weston) (1966)
• United (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1967)
• You're All I Need (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1968)
• Easy (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1969)
• Diana & Marvin (bersama Diana Ross) (1973)

Filmografi

• 1965: TAMI Show (dokumenter)
• 1969: The Ballad of Andy Crocker (film televisi)
• 1971: Chrome and Hot Leather (film televisi)
• 1973: Save the Children (dokumenter)

Videografi

• Marvin Gaye: Live in Montreux 1980 (2003)
• The Real Thing: In Performance (1964–1981) (2006)

Bacaan lebih lanjut

• Banks, James G.; Banks, Peter S. (2004). The Unintended Consequences: Family and Community, the Victims of Isolated Poverty. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America. ISBN 9780761828563. 
• Batchelor, Bob (2005). Basketball in America: From the Playgrounds to Jordan's Game and Beyond. Haworth Press. ISBN 0-7890-1613-3. 
• Berry, William Earl (February 1, 1973). "Marvin Gaye: Inner City Musical Poet". Jet. 
• Brooks-Bertram, Peggy (2009). Uncrowned Queens: African American Women Community Builders of Western New York, Volume 2 (Google eBook). SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-97229-771-4. 
• Browne, Ray B. (2001). The Guide to United States Popular Culture. Popular Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-821-2. 
• Collier, Aldore (April 16, 1984). "Marvin Gaye: His Tragic Death and Troubled Life". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (June 25, 1984). "Marvin Gaye's White Live-In Mate Suffers Miscarriage". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (April 8, 1985). "A Year Later: What Happened to Marvin Gaye's Family, Fortune?". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (May 6, 1985). "Book Reveals Marvin Gaye Feared He Would Turn Gay". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (May 25, 1987). "Marvin Gaye's Mother Dies on Eve of Opening Drug Center She Founded As His Memorial". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (October 15, 1990). "Gala Celebration Marks Marvin Gaye's Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame". Jet. 
• Collier, Aldore (April 23, 1990). "Murphy Requests Walk of Fame Star For Marvin Gaye". Jet. 
• Des Barres, Pamela (1996). Rock Bottom: Dark Moments in Music Babylon. Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-14853-4. 
• Dyson, Eric Michael (2004). Mercy Mercy Me: The Art, Loves and Demons of Marvin Gaye. New York/Philadelphia: Basic Civitas. ISBN 0-465-01769-X. 
• Edmonds, Ben (2001a). What's Going On?: Marvin Gaye and the Last Days of the Motown Sound. Canongate U.S. ISBN 1-84195-314-8. 
• Edmonds, Ben (2001a). Let's Get It On (Deluxe edition). Motown Records, a Division of UMG Recordings, Inc. MOTD 4757. 
• Evelyn, Douglas; Dickson, Paul; Ackerman, S.J. (2008). On This Spot: Pinpointing the Past in Washington, D.C. Sterling, Va.: Capital Books. ISBN 9781933102702. 
• Gaye, Frankie (2003). Marvin Gaye, My Brother. Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-742-0. 
• Gates, Henry Louis (2004). African American Lives. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19516-024-6. 
• Gilmore, Mikal (1998). Night beat: a shadow history of rock & roll. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-38548-435-0. 
• Gulla, Bob (2008). Icons of R&B and Soul: An Encyclopedia of the Artists Who Revolutionized Rhythm. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34044-4. 
• Gutheim, Frederick A.; Lee, Antoinette J. (2006). Worthy of the Nation: Washington, D.C., From L'Enfant to the National Capital Planning Commission. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801883286. 
• Company, Johnson Publishing (April 9, 1970). "Thousands Attend Last Rites For Tammi Terrell". Jet. 
• Company, Johnson Publishing (November 13, 1975). "For Reading: Marvin Gaye receives special plaque from Ms. Shirley Temple Black". Jet. 
• Company, Johnson Publishing (March 29, 1982). "Landing Marvin Gaye Was a Task For CBS Records". Jet. 
• Jones, Regina (March 2002). "Unbreakable: Michael Jackson". Vibe. 
• Kempton, Arthur (2005). Boogaloo: The Quintessence of American Popular Music. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-47203-087-3. 
• Lynskey, Dorian (April 5, 2011). 33 Revolutions per Minute: A History of Protest Songs, from Billie Holiday to Green Day (Google eBook). HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06167-015-2. 
• MacKenzie, Alex (2009). The Life and Times of the Motown Stars. Right Recordings. ISBN 978-1-84226-014-2. 
• Marx, Eve (September 18, 2009). 101 Things You Didn't Know About Sex (Google eBook). Adams Media. ISBN 978-1-44050-428-0. 
• Otfinoski, Steven (2010). African Americans in the Performing Arts. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-1-43812-855-9. 
• Posner, Gerald (2002). Motown : Music, Money, Sex, and Power. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-375-50062-6. 
• Redfern, Nick (February 20, 2007). Celebrity Secrets: Official Government Files on the Rich and Famous. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-41652-866-1. 
• Ritz, David (1991). Divided Soul: The Life of Marvin Gaye. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81191-X. 
• Ritz, David (July 1985). "The Last Days of Marvin Gaye". Ebony. 
• Simmonds, Jeremy (2008). The Encyclopedia of Dead Rock Stars: Heroin, Handguns, and Ham Sandwiches. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 1-55652-754-3. 
• Vincent, Rickey (1996). Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One. Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-13499-1. 
• Weinger, Harry (November 5, 1994). "Jobete: Publishing Is The Highly Polished Jewel In The Gordy Co.'s Crown". Billboard. 
• Whitburn, Joel (2004). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Complete Chart Information About America's Most Popular Songs and Artists, 1955–2003. Billboard Books. ISBN 0-8230-7499-4. 
• Davis, Sharon (1991). Marvin Gaye: I Heard It Through The Grapevine. Croydon, Surrey: Book marque Ltd. ISBN 1-84018-320-9.
• Gambaccini, Paul (1987). The Top 100 Rock 'n' Roll Albums of All Time. New York: Harmony Books.
• Garofalo, Reebee (1997). Rockin' Out: Popular Music in the USA. Allyn & Bacon. ISBN 0-205-13703-2. 
• Heron, W. Kim (April 8, 1984). Marvin Gaye: A Life Marked by Complexity. Detroit Free Press.
• Turner, Steve (1998). Trouble Man: The Life and Death of Marvin Gaye. London: Michael Joseph. ISBN 0-7181-4112-1.
• Ward, Ed, Geoffrey Stokes and Ken Tucker (1986). Rock of Ages: The Rolling Stone History of Rock and Roll. Rolling Stone Press. ISBN 0-671-54438-1. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
• White, Adam (1985). The Motown Story. London: Orbis. ISBN 0-85613-626-3.

Pranala luar

• Marvin Gaye di Encyclopædia Britannica
• (Inggris) Marvin Gaye di AllMovie
• Marvin Gaye di AllMusic
• Marvin Gaye di Internet Broadway Database
• Marvin Gaye di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris)
• Marvin Gaye di Find a Grave
• Marvin Gaye diwawancarai pada Pop Chronicles (1969).
• Marvin Gaye Biography
• FBI Records: The Vault - Marvin Gaye at vault.fbi.gov
• Additional archives