Alkitab Protestan: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Revisi per 28 April 2024 15.39

Terjemahan bahasa Jerman Hulu Baru dari Alkitab Kristen oleh reformator Protestan Martin Luther (1534). Popularitas Alkitab yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Jerman Tinggi oleh Luther yang tersebar luas membantu menetapkan bahasa Jerman Hulu Standar modern.^[1]

Alkitab Protestan adalah Alkitab Kristen yang penerjemahannya atau perevisiannya dilakukan oleh orang-orang Kristen Protestan. Umumnya diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa vernakular, Alkitab jenis ini terdiri dari 39 kitab Perjanjian Lama (sesuai dengan kanon Alkitab Ibrani, dikenal khususnya oleh orang-orang Kristen non-Protestan sebagai kitab-kitab protokanonika) dan 27 kitab Perjanjian Baru, dengan total 66 kitab.^[2] Beberapa orang Protestan menggunakan Alkitab yang juga menyertakan 14 kitab tambahan dalam bagian yang dikenal sebagai Apokrifa (meskipun kitab-kitab ini tidak dianggap kanonik) dengan total 80 kitab.^[3]^[4] Hal ini adalah kontras dengan 73 kitab dalam Alkitab Katolik, yang menyertakan tujuh kitab deuterokanonika sebagai bagian dari Perjanjian Lama.^[5] Pembagian antara kitab-kitab protokanonika dan deuterokanonika tidak diterima oleh semua Protestan yang memandang kitab-kitab sebagai kanonik atau tidak kanonik, sehingga mereka mengklasifikasi kitab-kitab dalam Deuterokanon, bersama kitab-kitab lainnya, sebagai bagian dari Apokrifa.^[6] Terkadang, istilah "Alkitab Protestan" hanya digunakan sebagai sebutan singkat untuk Alkitab yang hanya berisi 66 kitab dari Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru.

Alkitab Protestan awal

Sejak Reformasi Protestan, kalangan Protestan biasanya mengeluarkan Apokrifa Alkitab dari kanon, namun sebelum keputusan British and Foreign Bible Society tahun 1825 kebanyakan Alkitab Protestan memasukkan Apokrifa tersebut dalam buku cetakan yang sama. Hal ini biasanya dapat ditemukan dalam suatu bagian terpisah dan terkadang memuat suatu keterangan yang menyatakan bahwa kitab-kitab Apokrifa tersebut nonkanonik. Sebuah edisi quarto yang masih terlestarikan dari Great Bible, diproduksi pada suatu waktu setelah tahun 1549, tidak memuat Apokrifa tersebut kendati sebagian besar salinan Great Bible memuatnya di antara kitab-kitab Perjanjian Lama. Sebuah edisi quarto tahun 1575 dari Bishops' Bible juga tidak memuat Apokrifa tersebut. Setelah itu, beberapa salinan dari Geneva Bible edisi 1599 dan 1640 dicetak tanpa memuatnya.^[7]

Kitab-kitab yang termasuk

Kitab-kitab yang membentuk Akitab Protestan dengan penamaan yang diterima luas di kalangan gereja Protestan disajikan di bawah ini. Angka depan "1", "2", atau "3" biasanya diucapkan sebagai bilangan ordinal, sehingga Kitab "Samuel Pertama" untuk "1 Samuel".^[8]

Perjanjian Baru

Matius, Markus, Lukas, Yohanes, Kisah Para Rasul, Roma, 1 Korintus, 2 Korintus, Galatia, Efesus, Filipi, Kolose, 1 Tesalonika, 2 Tesalonika, 1 Timotius, 2 Timotius, Titus, Filemon, Ibrani, Yakobus, 1 Petrus, 2 Petrus, 1 Yohanes, 2 Yohanes, 3 Yohanes, Yudas, Wahyu.

Terjemahan dalam bahasa Inggris yang penting

Sebagian besar terjemahan Alkitab dalam bahasa Inggris mengikuti kanon dan pengurutan Protestan, sedangkan beberapa terjemahan menawarkan beberapa versi (Protestan, Katolik, Ortodoks Timur) dengan kanon dan pengurutan yang berbeda-beda. Contohnya, versi ESV yang menyertakan Apokrifa telah diakui sebagai Alkitab Katolik.^[9]

Sebagian besar terjemahan Perjanjian Baru dari masa Reformasi didasarkan pada Textus Receptus, sedangkan banyak terjemahan Perjanjian Baru yang dibuat sejak 1900 bergantung pada teks Alexandria yang eklektik dan kritis.

Terjemahan dalam bahasa Inggris yang penting termasuk:

Singkatan	Nama	Tahun	Dengan Apokrifa?	Terjemahan	Dasar tekstual sumber utama ditunjukkan
WYC	Alkitab Wycliffe	1382 - 1395	Ya	Ekuivalensi formal	Vulgata Latin karya Hieronimus
TYN	Alkitab Tyndale	1526 (NT), 1530 (Pentateuch), 1531 (Jonah)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal	Pent. & Jon: Hebrew Bible or Polyglot Bible with reference to Luther's translation^[10] NT: Erasmus's Novum Instrumentum omne
TCB	Coverdale Bible	1535	Ya	Ekuivalensi formal	Tyndale Bible, Luther Bible, Zürich Bible and the Vulgate
	Alkitab Matthew	1537	Ya	Ekuivalensi formal	Tyndale Bible, Coverdale Bible
GEN	Alkitab Jenewa	1557 (NT), 1560 (OT)	Biasanya	Ekuivalensi formal	OT: Hebrew Bible NT: Textus Receptus
KJV atau AV	King James Version (atau "Authorized Version")	1611, 1769 (revisi Blayney)	Bervariasi	Ekuivalensi formal	OT: Bomberg's Hebrew Rabbinic Bible Apoc.: Septuagint NT: Beza's Greek New Testament
YLT	Young's Literal Translation	1862	Tidak	Extreme formal equivalence	OT: Masoretic text NT: Textus Receptus
DBY	Alkitab Darby	1867 (NT) OT+NT (1890)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal
RV	Revised Version (atau English Revised Version)	1881 (NT), 1885 (OT)	Versi tersedia dari 1894	Ekuivalensi formal
ASV	American Standard Version	1900 (NT), 1901 (OT)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal	NT: Westcott and Hort 1881 and Tregelles 1857, (Reproduced in a single, continuous, form in Palmer 1881). OT: Masoretic Text with some Septuagint influence).
RSV	Revised Standard Version	1946 (NT), 1952 (OT)	Versi tersedia dari 1957	Ekuivalensi formal	NT: Novum Testamentum Graece. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with limited Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint influence. Apocrypha: Septuagint with Vulgate influence.
NEB	New English Bible	1961 (NT), 1970 (OT)	Versi tersedia dari 1970	Ekuivalensi dinamis	NT: R.V.G. Tasker Greek New Testament. OT: Biblia Hebraica (Kittel) 3rd Edition.
NASB	New American Standard Bible	1963 (NT), 1971 (OT), 1995 (update)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia; Biblia Hebraica Quinta (for books available); additional sources^[11] NT: Novum Testamentum Graece (28th ed., 2012); Editio Critica Maior (2nd ed.; where Greek manuscripts available)^[12]
AMP	The Amplified Bible	1958 (NT), 1965 (OT)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi dinamis
GNB	Good News Bible	1966 (NT), 1976 (OT)	Versi tersedia dari 1979	Ekuivalensi dinamis, parafrase	NT: Medium Correspondence to Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition
LB	The Living Bible	1971	Tidak	Parafrase	Paraphrase of American Standard Version, 1901, with comparisons of other translations, including the King James Version, and some Greek texts.
NIV	New International Version	1973 (NT), 1978 (OT)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi optimal	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia; additional sources^[13] NT: UBS Greek New Testament; Novum Testamentum Graece; additional sources^[13]
NKJV	New King James Version	1979 (NT), 1982 (OT)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal	NT: Textus Receptus, derived from the Byzantine text-type. OT: Masoretic Text with Septuagint influence
NRSV	New Revised Standard Version	1989	Versi tersedia dari 1989	Ekuivalensi formal	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint influence. Apocrypha: Septuagint (Rahlfs) with Vulgate influence. NT: United Bible Societies' The Greek New Testament (3rd ed. corrected). 81% correspondence to Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition.^[14]
REB	Revised English Bible	1989	Versi tersedia	Ekuivalensi dinamis	NT: Medium correspondence to Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition, with occasional parallels to Codex Bezae. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (1967/77) with Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint influence. Apocrypha: Septuagint with Vulgate influence.
GW	God's Word Translation	1995	Tidak	Ekuivalensi optimal	NT: Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament 27th edition. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.
CEV	Contemporary English Version	1991 (NT), 1995 (OT)	Versi tersedia dari 1999	Ekuivalensi dinamis
NLT	New Living Translation	1996	Versi tersedia	Ekuivalensi dinamis	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (1977); additional sources in difficult cases^[15] NT: UBS Greek New Testament (4th corrected ed.); Novum Testamentum Graece (27th ed., 1993); additional sources^[16]
HCSB	Holman Christian Standard Bible	1999 (NT), 2004 (OT)	Tidak	Ekuivalensi optimal	NT: Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with some Septuagint influence.
ESV	English Standard Version	2001	Versi tersedia dari 2009	Ekuivalensi formal	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (5th ed., 1997); additional sources in difficult cases^[17] NT: UBS Greek New Testament (5th corrected ed.); Novum Testamentum Graece (28th ed., 2012)^[18] Apocrypha:^[a] Septuagint (Göttingen along with Rahlfs'); Vulgate^[21]
MSG	The Message	2002	Versi tersedia dari 2013	Highly idiomatic paraphrase / Extreme dynamic equivalence
CEB	Common English Bible	2010 (NT), 2011 (OT)	Ya	Ekuivalensi dinamis	OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (4th edition), Biblia Hebraica Quinta (5th edition) Apoc.: Göttingen Septuagint (in progress), Rahlfs' Septuagint (2005) NT: Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament (27th edition).
MEV	Modern English Version	2011 (NT), 2014 (OT)		Ekuivalensi formal	NT: Textus Receptus OT: Jacob ben Hayyim Masoretic Text
CSB	Christian Standard Bible	2017		Ekuivalensi optimal	NT: Novum Testamentum Graece 28th edition. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia 5th Edition with some Septuagint influence.
EHV	Evangelical Heritage Version	2017 (NT), 2019 (OT)	Tidak	Seimbang antara formal dan dinamis	OT: Various. Includes Masoretic Text, and Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. NT: Various. Includes Textus Receptus and Novum Testamentum Graecae.
LSV	Literal Standard Version	2020	Tidak	Ekuivalensi formal	Major revision of Young's Literal Translation OT: Masoretic Text with strong Septuagint influence and some reference to the Dead Sea Scrolls. NT: Textus Receptus and the Majority Text.

Lihat pula

Referensi

^ Lobenstein-Reichmann, Anja (29 March 2017). "Martin Luther, Bible Translation, and the German Language". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.382. ISBN 9780199340378.
^ Meade, John (7 November 2021). "Why Are Protestant and Catholic Bibles Different?". Text & Canon Institute.
^ King James Version Apocrypha, Reader's Edition (dalam bahasa Inggris). Hendrickson Publishers. 2009. hlm. viii. ISBN 9781598564648. The version of 1611, following its mandate to revise and standardize the English Bible tradition, included the fourteen (or fifteen) books of the Apocrypha in a section between the Old and New Testaments (see the chart on page vi). Because of the Thirty-Nine Articles, there was no reason for King James' translators to include any comments as to the status of these books, as had the earlier English translators and editors.
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama TedfordGoudey2008
^ Roman Catholic Code of Canon Law, 825
^ Henze, Matthias; Boccaccini, Gabriele (20 November 2013). Fourth Ezra and Second Baruch: Reconstruction after the Fall. Brill. hlm. 383. ISBN 9789004258815. Why 3 and 4 Esdras (called 1 and 2 Esdras in the NRSV Apocrypha) are pushed to the front of the list is not clear, but the motive may have been to distinguish the Anglican Apocrypha from the Roman Catholic canon affirmed at the fourth session of the Council of trent in 1546, which included all of the books in the Anglican Apocrypha list except 3 and 4 Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh. These three texts were designated at Trent as Apocrypha and later included in an appendix to the Clementine Vulgate, first published in 1592 (and the standard Vulgate text until Vatican II).
^ "Salinan arsip" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2015-09-24. Diakses tanggal 2016-02-04.
^ Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, C.8. http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/mergedProjects/lcri/lcri/c_8__lcri.htm
^ "Catholic Edition of ESV Bible Launched". Daijiworld. 2018-02-10.
^ "On Translating the Old Testament: The Achievement of William Tyndale".
^ "More Information about NASB 2020". The Lockman Foundation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. For the Old Testament: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) and Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) for the books available. Also the LXX, DSS, the Targums, and other ancient versions when pertinent.
^ "More Information about NASB 2020". The Lockman Foundation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. For the New Testament: NA28 supplemented by the new textual criticism system that uses all the available Gr mss. known as the ECM2.
^ ^a ^b "The New International Version". Biblia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2020-08-08.
^ Clontz (2008), "The Comprehensive New Testament", ranks the NRSV in eighth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 81% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed. ISBN 978-0-9778737-1-5
^ "Translation Process". Tyndale. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-01-10. The Old Testament translators used the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as represented in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (1977), with its extensive system of textual notes ... The translators also further compared the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint and other Greek manuscripts, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and any other versions or manuscripts that shed light on the meaning of difficult passages.
^ "Translation Process". Tyndale. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. The New Testament translators used the two standard editions of the Greek New Testament: the Greek New Testament, published by the United Bible Societies (UBS, fourth revised edition, 1993), and Novum Testamentum Graece, edited by Nestle and Aland (NA, twenty-seventh edition, 1993) ... However, in cases where strong textual or other scholarly evidence supported the decision, the translators sometimes chose to differ from the UBS and NA Greek texts and followed variant readings found in other ancient witnesses. Significant textual variants of this sort are always noted in the textual notes of the New Living Translation.
^ "Preface to the English Standard Version". ESV.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-26. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-04. The ESV is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible as found in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (5th ed., 1997) ... The currently renewed respect among Old Testament scholars for the Masoretic text is reflected in the ESV’s attempt, wherever possible, to translate difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text rather than resorting to emendations or to finding an alternative reading in the ancient versions. In exceptional, difficult cases, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and other sources were consulted to shed possible light on the text, or, if necessary, to support a divergence from the Masoretic text.
^ "Preface to the English Standard Version". ESV.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-26. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-04. [The ESV is based] on the Greek text in the 2014 editions of the Greek New Testament (5th corrected ed.), published by the United Bible Societies (UBS), and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th ed., 2012), edited by Nestle and Aland ... in a few difficult cases in the New Testament, the ESV has followed a Greek text different from the text given preference in the UBS/Nestle-Aland 28th edition.
^ English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha. New York: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-1952-8910-7. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 3, 2021.
^ ESV: Anglican Edition. Huntington Beach, CA: Anglican Liturgy Press. 2019. ISBN 978-1-7323448-6-0.
^ "Preface to the Apocrypha". ESV: Anglican Edition. Huntington Beach, CA: Anglican Liturgy Press. 2019. hlm. 1047–1048. ISBN 978-1-7323448-6-0.

Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tag <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "lower-alpha", tapi tidak ditemukan tag <references group="lower-alpha"/> yang berkaitan

[Lobenstein-Reichmann-1] Lobenstein-Reichmann, Anja (29 March 2017). "Martin Luther, Bible Translation, and the German Language". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.382. ISBN 9780199340378.

[2] Meade, John (7 November 2021). "Why Are Protestant and Catholic Bibles Different?". Text & Canon Institute.

[Hendrickson2009-3] King James Version Apocrypha, Reader's Edition (dalam bahasa Inggris). Hendrickson Publishers. 2009. hlm. viii. ISBN 9781598564648. The version of 1611, following its mandate to revise and standardize the English Bible tradition, included the fourteen (or fifteen) books of the Apocrypha in a section between the Old and New Testaments (see the chart on page vi). Because of the Thirty-Nine Articles, there was no reason for King James' translators to include any comments as to the status of these books, as had the earlier English translators and editors.

[TedfordGoudey2008-4] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama TedfordGoudey2008

[5] Roman Catholic Code of Canon Law, 825

[HenzeBoccaccini2013-6] Henze, Matthias; Boccaccini, Gabriele (20 November 2013). Fourth Ezra and Second Baruch: Reconstruction after the Fall. Brill. hlm. 383. ISBN 9789004258815. Why 3 and 4 Esdras (called 1 and 2 Esdras in the NRSV Apocrypha) are pushed to the front of the list is not clear, but the motive may have been to distinguish the Anglican Apocrypha from the Roman Catholic canon affirmed at the fourth session of the Council of trent in 1546, which included all of the books in the Anglican Apocrypha list except 3 and 4 Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh. These three texts were designated at Trent as Apocrypha and later included in an appendix to the Clementine Vulgate, first published in 1592 (and the standard Vulgate text until Vatican II).

[7] "Salinan arsip" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2015-09-24. Diakses tanggal 2016-02-04.

[8] Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, C.8. http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/mergedProjects/lcri/lcri/c_8__lcri.htm

[9] "Catholic Edition of ESV Bible Launched". Daijiworld. 2018-02-10.

[10] "On Translating the Old Testament: The Achievement of William Tyndale".

[11] "More Information about NASB 2020". The Lockman Foundation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. For the Old Testament: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) and Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) for the books available. Also the LXX, DSS, the Targums, and other ancient versions when pertinent.

[12] "More Information about NASB 2020". The Lockman Foundation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. For the New Testament: NA28 supplemented by the new textual criticism system that uses all the available Gr mss. known as the ECM2.

[NIVPreface-13] "The New International Version". Biblia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2020-08-08.

[14] Clontz (2008), "The Comprehensive New Testament", ranks the NRSV in eighth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 81% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed. ISBN 978-0-9778737-1-5

[NLT_OT_Basis-15] "Translation Process". Tyndale. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-01-10. The Old Testament translators used the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as represented in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (1977), with its extensive system of textual notes ... The translators also further compared the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint and other Greek manuscripts, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and any other versions or manuscripts that shed light on the meaning of difficult passages.

[NLT_NT_Basis-16] "Translation Process". Tyndale. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-10. The New Testament translators used the two standard editions of the Greek New Testament: the Greek New Testament, published by the United Bible Societies (UBS, fourth revised edition, 1993), and Novum Testamentum Graece, edited by Nestle and Aland (NA, twenty-seventh edition, 1993) ... However, in cases where strong textual or other scholarly evidence supported the decision, the translators sometimes chose to differ from the UBS and NA Greek texts and followed variant readings found in other ancient witnesses. Significant textual variants of this sort are always noted in the textual notes of the New Living Translation.

[17] "Preface to the English Standard Version". ESV.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-26. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-04. The ESV is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible as found in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (5th ed., 1997) ... The currently renewed respect among Old Testament scholars for the Masoretic text is reflected in the ESV’s attempt, wherever possible, to translate difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text rather than resorting to emendations or to finding an alternative reading in the ancient versions. In exceptional, difficult cases, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and other sources were consulted to shed possible light on the text, or, if necessary, to support a divergence from the Masoretic text.

[18] "Preface to the English Standard Version". ESV.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-26. Diakses tanggal 2021-01-04. [The ESV is based] on the Greek text in the 2014 editions of the Greek New Testament (5th corrected ed.), published by the United Bible Societies (UBS), and Novum Testamentum Graece (28th ed., 2012), edited by Nestle and Aland ... in a few difficult cases in the New Testament, the ESV has followed a Greek text different from the text given preference in the UBS/Nestle-Aland 28th edition.

[19] English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha. New York: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-1952-8910-7. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 3, 2021.

[20] ESV: Anglican Edition. Huntington Beach, CA: Anglican Liturgy Press. 2019. ISBN 978-1-7323448-6-0.

[22] "Preface to the Apocrypha". ESV: Anglican Edition. Huntington Beach, CA: Anglican Liturgy Press. 2019. hlm. 1047–1048. ISBN 978-1-7323448-6-0.

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@@ Baris 25: / Baris 25: @@
 ! Singkatan || Nama || Tahun || Dengan Apokrifa? || Terjemahan||Dasar tekstual<br><small>sumber utama ditunjukkan</small>
 |-
-| WYC || [[Alkitab Wycliffe]]|| 1382 - 1395 ||Ya || Formal equivalence || [[Vulgata]] Latin karya [[Hieronimus]]
+| WYC || [[Alkitab Wycliffe]]|| 1382 - 1395 ||Ya || Ekuivalensi formal || [[Vulgata]] Latin karya [[Hieronimus]]
 |-
-| TYN || [[Alkitab Tyndale]]|| 1526 (NT), 1530 (Pentateuch), 1531 (Jonah) || Tidak || Formal equivalence ||'''[[Pentateuch|Pent.]] & [[Book of Jonah|Jon]]''': [[Hebrew Bible]] or [[Polyglot Bible]] with reference to [[Luther Bible|Luther's translation]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tyndale.org/reformj01/weitzman.html|title = On Translating the Old Testament: The Achievement of William Tyndale}}</ref><br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Erasmus]]'s ''[[Novum Instrumentum omne]]''
+| TYN || [[Alkitab Tyndale]]|| 1526 (NT), 1530 (Pentateuch), 1531 (Jonah) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal ||'''[[Pentateuch|Pent.]] & [[Book of Jonah|Jon]]''': [[Hebrew Bible]] or [[Polyglot Bible]] with reference to [[Luther Bible|Luther's translation]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tyndale.org/reformj01/weitzman.html|title = On Translating the Old Testament: The Achievement of William Tyndale}}</ref><br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Erasmus]]'s ''[[Novum Instrumentum omne]]''
 |-
-| TCB || [[Coverdale Bible]] || 1535 || Ya || Formal equivalence || [[Tyndale Bible]], [[Luther Bible]], [[Zürich Bible]] and the [[Vulgate]]
+| TCB || [[Coverdale Bible]] || 1535 || Ya || Ekuivalensi formal || [[Tyndale Bible]], [[Luther Bible]], [[Zürich Bible]] and the [[Vulgate]]
 |-
-| || [[Alkitab Matthew]]|| 1537 || Ya || Formal equivalence || [[Tyndale Bible]], [[Coverdale Bible]]
+| || [[Alkitab Matthew]]|| 1537 || Ya || Ekuivalensi formal || [[Tyndale Bible]], [[Coverdale Bible]]
 |-
-| GEN || [[Alkitab Jenewa]]|| 1557 (NT), 1560 (OT) || Biasanya || Formal equivalence || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': [[Hebrew Bible]]<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Textus Receptus]]
+| GEN || [[Alkitab Jenewa]]|| 1557 (NT), 1560 (OT) || Biasanya || Ekuivalensi formal || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': [[Hebrew Bible]]<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Textus Receptus]]
 |-
-| KJV atau AV || [[King James Version]] (atau "Authorized Version") || 1611, 1769 (revisi [[Benjamin Blayney|Blayney]]) || Bervariasi || Formal equivalence || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': [[Daniel Bomberg|Bomberg]]'s Hebrew Rabbinic Bible<br>'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apoc.]]:''' [[Septuagint]]<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Theodore Beza|Beza]]'s Greek New Testament
+| KJV atau AV || [[King James Version]] (atau "Authorized Version") || 1611, 1769 (revisi [[Benjamin Blayney|Blayney]]) || Bervariasi || Ekuivalensi formal || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': [[Daniel Bomberg|Bomberg]]'s Hebrew Rabbinic Bible<br>'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apoc.]]:''' [[Septuagint]]<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Theodore Beza|Beza]]'s Greek New Testament
 |-
 | YLT || [[Young's Literal Translation]] || 1862 || Tidak || Extreme formal equivalence ||'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': [[Masoretic text]]<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[Textus Receptus]]
 |-
-| DBY || [[Alkitab Darby]]|| 1867 (NT)<br>OT+NT (1890) || Tidak || Formal equivalence ||
+| DBY || [[Alkitab Darby]]|| 1867 (NT)<br>OT+NT (1890) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal ||
 |-
-| RV || [[Revised Version]] (atau English Revised Version) || 1881 (NT), 1885 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1894 || Formal equivalence ||
+| RV || [[Revised Version]] (atau English Revised Version) || 1881 (NT), 1885 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1894 || Ekuivalensi formal ||
 |-
-| ASV || [[American Standard Version]] || 1900 (NT), 1901 (OT) || Tidak || Formal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[The New Testament in the Original Greek|Westcott and Hort]] 1881 and Tregelles 1857, (Reproduced in a single, continuous, form in Palmer 1881). '''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with some [[Septuagint]] influence).
+| ASV || [[American Standard Version]] || 1900 (NT), 1901 (OT) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal || '''NT:''' [[The New Testament in the Original Greek|Westcott and Hort]] 1881 and Tregelles 1857, (Reproduced in a single, continuous, form in Palmer 1881). '''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with some [[Septuagint]] influence).
 |-
-| RSV || [[Revised Standard Version]] || 1946 (NT), 1952 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1957 || Formal equivalence || '''NT:''' ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]''.<br/> '''OT:''' ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' with limited [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence.<br/> '''Apocrypha:''' [[Septuagint]] with [[Vulgate]] influence.
+| RSV || [[Revised Standard Version]] || 1946 (NT), 1952 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1957 || Ekuivalensi formal || '''NT:''' ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]''.<br/> '''OT:''' ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' with limited [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence.<br/> '''Apocrypha:''' [[Septuagint]] with [[Vulgate]] influence.
 |-
-| NEB || [[New English Bible]] || 1961 (NT), 1970 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1970 || Dynamic equivalence || '''NT:''' R.V.G. Tasker Greek New Testament. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)]] 3rd Edition.
+| NEB || [[New English Bible]] || 1961 (NT), 1970 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1970 || Ekuivalensi dinamis || '''NT:''' R.V.G. Tasker Greek New Testament. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)]] 3rd Edition.
 |-
-| NASB || [[New American Standard Bible]] || 1963 (NT), 1971 (OT), 1995 (update) || Tidak || Formal equivalence || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]''; ''[[Biblia Hebraica Quinta]]'' (for books available); additional sources<ref>{{Cite web|title=More Information about NASB 2020|url=https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073221/https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Lockman Foundation|quote=For the Old Testament: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) and Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) for the books available. Also the LXX, DSS, the Targums, and other ancient versions when pertinent.}}</ref>|'''NT''': ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (28th ed., 2012); ''[[Editio Critica Maior]]'' (2nd ed.; where Greek manuscripts available)<ref>{{Cite web|title=More Information about NASB 2020|url=https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073221/https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Lockman Foundation|quote=For the New Testament: NA28 supplemented by the new textual criticism system that uses all the available Gr mss. known as the ECM2.}}</ref>}}
+| NASB || [[New American Standard Bible]] || 1963 (NT), 1971 (OT), 1995 (update) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]''; ''[[Biblia Hebraica Quinta]]'' (for books available); additional sources<ref>{{Cite web|title=More Information about NASB 2020|url=https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073221/https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Lockman Foundation|quote=For the Old Testament: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) and Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) for the books available. Also the LXX, DSS, the Targums, and other ancient versions when pertinent.}}</ref>|'''NT''': ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (28th ed., 2012); ''[[Editio Critica Maior]]'' (2nd ed.; where Greek manuscripts available)<ref>{{Cite web|title=More Information about NASB 2020|url=https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073221/https://www.lockman.org/nasb-bible-info/more-information-about-nasb-2020/|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=The Lockman Foundation|quote=For the New Testament: NA28 supplemented by the new textual criticism system that uses all the available Gr mss. known as the ECM2.}}</ref>}}
 |-
-| AMP || [[Amplified Bible|The Amplified Bible]] || 1958 (NT), 1965 (OT) || Tidak || Dynamic equivalence ||
+| AMP || [[Amplified Bible|The Amplified Bible]] || 1958 (NT), 1965 (OT) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi dinamis ||
 |-
-| GNB || [[Good News Bible]] || 1966 (NT), 1976 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1979 || Dynamic equivalence, paraphrase || '''[[New Testament|NT]]''': Medium Correspondence to Nestle-Aland [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition
+| GNB || [[Good News Bible]] || 1966 (NT), 1976 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1979 || Ekuivalensi dinamis, parafrase || '''[[New Testament|NT]]''': Medium Correspondence to Nestle-Aland [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition
 |-
-| LB || [[The Living Bible]] || 1971 || Tidak || Paraphrase || Paraphrase of American Standard Version, 1901, with comparisons of other translations, including the King James Version, and some Greek texts.
+| LB || [[The Living Bible]] || 1971 || Tidak || Parafrase || Paraphrase of American Standard Version, 1901, with comparisons of other translations, including the King James Version, and some Greek texts.
 |-
-| NIV || [[New International Version]] || 1973 (NT), 1978 (OT) || Tidak || Optimal equivalence || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]''; additional sources<ref name="NIVPreface">{{Cite web|title=The New International Version|url=https://biblia.com/books/niv2011/offset/1179880|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808060915/https://biblia.com/books/niv2011/offset/1179880|archive-date=2020-08-08|access-date=2020-08-08|website=Biblia}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament''; ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]''; additional sources<ref name="NIVPreface" />}}
+| NIV || [[New International Version]] || 1973 (NT), 1978 (OT) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi optimal || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]''; additional sources<ref name="NIVPreface">{{Cite web|title=The New International Version|url=https://biblia.com/books/niv2011/offset/1179880|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808060915/https://biblia.com/books/niv2011/offset/1179880|archive-date=2020-08-08|access-date=2020-08-08|website=Biblia}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament''; ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]''; additional sources<ref name="NIVPreface" />}}
 |-
-| NKJV || [[New King James Version]] || 1979 (NT), 1982 (OT) || Tidak || Formal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]], derived from the [[Byzantine text-type]]. '''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with [[Septuagint]] influence
+| NKJV || [[New King James Version]] || 1979 (NT), 1982 (OT) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal || '''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]], derived from the [[Byzantine text-type]]. '''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with [[Septuagint]] influence
 |-
-| NRSV || [[New Revised Standard Version]] || 1989 || Versi tersedia dari 1989 || Formal equivalence || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] with [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence.<br/ >'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]:''' [[Septuagint]] ([[Alfred Rahlfs|Rahlfs]]) with [[Vulgate]] influence.<br/>
+| NRSV || [[New Revised Standard Version]] || 1989 || Versi tersedia dari 1989 || Ekuivalensi formal || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] with [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence.<br/ >'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]:''' [[Septuagint]] ([[Alfred Rahlfs|Rahlfs]]) with [[Vulgate]] influence.<br/>
 '''[[New Testament|NT]]:''' United Bible Societies' [[Novum Testamentum Graece|The Greek New Testament]] (3rd ed. corrected). 81%&nbsp;correspondence to Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition.<ref>Clontz (2008), "The Comprehensive New Testament", ranks the NRSV in eighth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 81% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed. {{ISBN|978-0-9778737-1-5}}</ref>
 |-
-| REB || [[Revised English Bible]] || 1989 || Versi tersedia || Dynamic equivalence || '''NT:''' Medium correspondence to Nestle-Aland [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition, with occasional parallels to [[Codex Bezae]]. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (1967/77) with [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence. '''Apocrypha:''' [[Septuagint]] with [[Vulgate]] influence.
+| REB || [[Revised English Bible]] || 1989 || Versi tersedia || Ekuivalensi dinamis || '''NT:''' Medium correspondence to Nestle-Aland [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition, with occasional parallels to [[Codex Bezae]]. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (1967/77) with [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] and [[Septuagint]] influence. '''Apocrypha:''' [[Septuagint]] with [[Vulgate]] influence.
 |-
-| GW || [[God's Word Translation]] || 1995 || Tidak || Optimal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament 27th edition]]. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]].
+| GW || [[God's Word Translation]] || 1995 || Tidak || Ekuivalensi optimal || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament 27th edition]]. '''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]].
 |-
-| CEV || [[Contemporary English Version]] || 1991 (NT), 1995 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1999 || Dynamic equivalence ||
+| CEV || [[Contemporary English Version]] || 1991 (NT), 1995 (OT) || Versi tersedia dari 1999 || Ekuivalensi dinamis ||
 |-
-| NLT || [[New Living Translation]] || 1996 || Versi tersedia || Dynamic equivalence || {{Ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' (1977); additional sources in difficult cases<ref name="NLT_OT_Basis">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Translation Process|url=https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110071721/https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2020-01-10|website=Tyndale|quote=The Old Testament translators used the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as represented in ''Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia'' (1977), with its extensive system of textual notes{{nbsp}}... The translators also further compared the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint and other Greek manuscripts, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and any other versions or manuscripts that shed light on the meaning of difficult passages.}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament'' (4th corrected ed.); ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (27th ed., 1993); additional sources<ref name="NLT_NT_Basis">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Translation Process|url=https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110071721/https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=Tyndale|quote=The New Testament translators used the two standard editions of the Greek New Testament: the ''Greek New Testament'', published by the United Bible Societies (UBS, fourth revised edition, 1993), and ''Novum Testamentum Graece'', edited by Nestle and Aland (NA, twenty-seventh edition, 1993){{nbsp}}... However, in cases where strong textual or other scholarly evidence supported the decision, the translators sometimes chose to differ from the UBS and NA Greek texts and followed variant readings found in other ancient witnesses. Significant textual variants of this sort are always noted in the textual notes of the New Living Translation.}}</ref>}}
+| NLT || [[New Living Translation]] || 1996 || Versi tersedia || Ekuivalensi dinamis || {{Ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' (1977); additional sources in difficult cases<ref name="NLT_OT_Basis">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Translation Process|url=https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110071721/https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2020-01-10|website=Tyndale|quote=The Old Testament translators used the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as represented in ''Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia'' (1977), with its extensive system of textual notes{{nbsp}}... The translators also further compared the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint and other Greek manuscripts, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and any other versions or manuscripts that shed light on the meaning of difficult passages.}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament'' (4th corrected ed.); ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (27th ed., 1993); additional sources<ref name="NLT_NT_Basis">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Translation Process|url=https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110071721/https://www.tyndale.com/nlt/translation-process|archive-date=2021-01-10|access-date=2021-01-10|website=Tyndale|quote=The New Testament translators used the two standard editions of the Greek New Testament: the ''Greek New Testament'', published by the United Bible Societies (UBS, fourth revised edition, 1993), and ''Novum Testamentum Graece'', edited by Nestle and Aland (NA, twenty-seventh edition, 1993){{nbsp}}... However, in cases where strong textual or other scholarly evidence supported the decision, the translators sometimes chose to differ from the UBS and NA Greek texts and followed variant readings found in other ancient witnesses. Significant textual variants of this sort are always noted in the textual notes of the New Living Translation.}}</ref>}}
 |-
-| HCSB || [[Holman Christian Standard Bible]] || 1999 (NT), 2004 (OT) || Tidak || Optimal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition.<br>'''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] with some [[Septuagint]] influence.
+| HCSB || [[Holman Christian Standard Bible]] || 1999 (NT), 2004 (OT) || Tidak || Ekuivalensi optimal || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 27th edition.<br>'''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] with some [[Septuagint]] influence.
 |-
-| ESV || [[English Standard Version]] || 2001 || Versi tersedia dari 2009 || Formal equivalence || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' (5th ed., 1997); additional sources in difficult cases<ref>{{Cite web|title=Preface to the English Standard Version|url=https://www.esv.org/preface/|website=ESV.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/|archive-date=2020-05-26|access-date=2021-01-04|quote=The ESV is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible as found in ''Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia'' (5th ed., 1997){{nbsp}}... The currently renewed respect among Old Testament scholars for the Masoretic text is reflected in the ESV’s attempt, wherever possible, to translate difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text rather than resorting to emendations or to finding an alternative reading in the ancient versions. In exceptional, difficult cases, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and other sources were consulted to shed possible light on the text, or, if necessary, to support a divergence from the Masoretic text.}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.); ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (28th ed., 2012)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Preface to the English Standard Version|url=https://www.esv.org/preface/|website=ESV.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/|archive-date=2020-05-26|access-date=2021-01-04|quote=[The ESV is based] on the Greek text in the 2014 editions of the ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.), published by the United Bible Societies (UBS), and ''Novum Testamentum Graece'' (28th ed., 2012), edited by Nestle and Aland{{nbsp}}... in a few difficult cases in the New Testament, the ESV has followed a Greek text different from the text given preference in the UBS/Nestle-Aland 28th edition.}}</ref>|'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]''':{{Efn|The Apocrypha is not included in editions of the ESV published by [[Crossway]], the copyright holder and original publisher of the English Standard Version. ESV editions licensed by Crossway that feature a translation of the Apocrypha can be found from various publishers. For example, the ''English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha'',<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-71LgAACAAJ|title=English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-1952-8910-7|location=New York|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603011726/https://www.google.com/books/edition/English_Standard_Version_Bible_with_Apoc/E-71LgAACAAJ|archive-date=June 3, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> published by Oxford University Press in 2009, and the ''ESV: Anglican Edition'',<ref>{{Cite book|title=ESV: Anglican Edition|publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0|location=Huntington Beach, CA}}</ref> published by Anglican Liturgy Press in 2019.}} [[Septuagint]] (Göttingen along with [[Alfred Rahlfs' edition of the Septuagint|Rahlfs']]); [[Vulgate]]<ref>{{Cite book|title=ESV: Anglican Edition|publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0|location=Huntington Beach, CA|pages=1047–1048|chapter=Preface to the Apocrypha}}</ref>|}}
+| ESV || [[English Standard Version]] || 2001 || Versi tersedia dari 2009 || Ekuivalensi formal || {{ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' (5th ed., 1997); additional sources in difficult cases<ref>{{Cite web|title=Preface to the English Standard Version|url=https://www.esv.org/preface/|website=ESV.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/|archive-date=2020-05-26|access-date=2021-01-04|quote=The ESV is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible as found in ''Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia'' (5th ed., 1997){{nbsp}}... The currently renewed respect among Old Testament scholars for the Masoretic text is reflected in the ESV’s attempt, wherever possible, to translate difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text rather than resorting to emendations or to finding an alternative reading in the ancient versions. In exceptional, difficult cases, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and other sources were consulted to shed possible light on the text, or, if necessary, to support a divergence from the Masoretic text.}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.); ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (28th ed., 2012)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Preface to the English Standard Version|url=https://www.esv.org/preface/|website=ESV.org|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/|archive-date=2020-05-26|access-date=2021-01-04|quote=[The ESV is based] on the Greek text in the 2014 editions of the ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.), published by the United Bible Societies (UBS), and ''Novum Testamentum Graece'' (28th ed., 2012), edited by Nestle and Aland{{nbsp}}... in a few difficult cases in the New Testament, the ESV has followed a Greek text different from the text given preference in the UBS/Nestle-Aland 28th edition.}}</ref>|'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]''':{{Efn|The Apocrypha is not included in editions of the ESV published by [[Crossway]], the copyright holder and original publisher of the English Standard Version. ESV editions licensed by Crossway that feature a translation of the Apocrypha can be found from various publishers. For example, the ''English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha'',<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-71LgAACAAJ|title=English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-1952-8910-7|location=New York|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603011726/https://www.google.com/books/edition/English_Standard_Version_Bible_with_Apoc/E-71LgAACAAJ|archive-date=June 3, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> published by Oxford University Press in 2009, and the ''ESV: Anglican Edition'',<ref>{{Cite book|title=ESV: Anglican Edition|publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0|location=Huntington Beach, CA}}</ref> published by Anglican Liturgy Press in 2019.}} [[Septuagint]] (Göttingen along with [[Alfred Rahlfs' edition of the Septuagint|Rahlfs']]); [[Vulgate]]<ref>{{Cite book|title=ESV: Anglican Edition|publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0|location=Huntington Beach, CA|pages=1047–1048|chapter=Preface to the Apocrypha}}</ref>|}}
 |-
 | MSG || [[The Message (Bible)|The Message]] || 2002 || Versi tersedia dari 2013 || Highly idiomatic paraphrase / Extreme dynamic equivalence ||
 |-
-| CEB || [[Common English Bible]] || 2010 (NT), 2011 (OT) || Ya || Dynamic equivalence || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (4th edition), [[Biblia Hebraica Quinta]] (5th edition)<br/>'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apoc.]]:''' Göttingen [[Septuagint]] (in progress), Rahlfs' Septuagint (2005)<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament]] (27th edition).
+| CEB || [[Common English Bible]] || 2010 (NT), 2011 (OT) || Ya || Ekuivalensi dinamis || '''[[Old Testament|OT]]:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (4th edition), [[Biblia Hebraica Quinta]] (5th edition)<br/>'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apoc.]]:''' Göttingen [[Septuagint]] (in progress), Rahlfs' Septuagint (2005)<br>'''[[New Testament|NT]]:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament]] (27th edition).
 |-
-| MEV || [[Modern English Version]] || 2011 (NT), 2014 (OT) || || Formal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]] <br />'''OT:''' [[Jacob ben Hayyim ibn Adonijah|Jacob ben Hayyim]] [[Masoretic Text]]
+| MEV || [[Modern English Version]] || 2011 (NT), 2014 (OT) || || Ekuivalensi formal || '''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]] <br />'''OT:''' [[Jacob ben Hayyim ibn Adonijah|Jacob ben Hayyim]] [[Masoretic Text]]
 |-
-| CSB || [[Christian Standard Bible]] || 2017 || || Optimal equivalence || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 28th edition.<br>'''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] 5th Edition with some [[Septuagint]] influence.
+| CSB || [[Christian Standard Bible]] || 2017 || || Ekuivalensi optimal || '''NT:''' [[Novum Testamentum Graece]] 28th edition.<br>'''OT:''' [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] 5th Edition with some [[Septuagint]] influence.
 |-
-| EHV || [[Evangelical Heritage Version]] || 2017 (NT), 2019 (OT) || Tidak || Balanced between formal and dynamic || '''OT:''' Various. Includes [[Masoretic Text]], and [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]].<br />'''NT:''' Various. Includes [[Textus Receptus]] and [[Novum Testamentum Graecae]].
+| EHV || [[Evangelical Heritage Version]] || 2017 (NT), 2019 (OT) || Tidak || Seimbang antara formal dan dinamis || '''OT:''' Various. Includes [[Masoretic Text]], and [[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]].<br />'''NT:''' Various. Includes [[Textus Receptus]] and [[Novum Testamentum Graecae]].
 |-
-| LSV || [[Literal Standard Version]] || 2020 || Tidak || Formal Equivalence || Major revision of [[Young's Literal Translation]]<br>'''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with strong [[Septuagint]] influence and some reference to the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]].<br>'''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]] and the [[Majority Text]].
+| LSV || [[Literal Standard Version]] || 2020 || Tidak || Ekuivalensi formal || Major revision of [[Young's Literal Translation]]<br>'''OT:''' [[Masoretic Text]] with strong [[Septuagint]] influence and some reference to the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]].<br>'''NT:''' [[Textus Receptus]] and the [[Majority Text]].
 |-
 |}