Orang kaya lama
Lihat entri vieux riche di kamus bebas Wiktionary.
Orang kaya lama (OKL) (bahasa Prancis: vieux riche, bahasa Inggris: old money) merujuk kepada golongan sosial yang mampu mempertahankan kekayaan yang diwarisi dari keluarga atau keturunan golongan atas selama beberapa generasi.[1]
Lihat pula
Rujukan
Bacaan lanjut
- Fisher, Nick, and Hans Van Wees, eds. Aristocracy in Antiquity: Redefining Greek and Roman Elites (ISD LLC, 2015).
- Janssens, Paul, and Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla, eds. European Aristocracies and Colonial Elites: Patrimonial Management Strategies and Economic Development, 15th–18th Centuries (Routledge, 2017).
- McDonogh, Gary Wray. Good families of Barcelona: A social history of power in the industrial era (Universitas Pers Princeton, 2014).
- Pincon, Michel, and Monique Pincon-Charlot. Grand Fortunes. Dynasties and Forms of Wealth in France (1998) excerpt
- Porter, John. The vertical mosaic: An analysis of social class and power in Canada (1965).
- Rothacher, Albrecht. The Japanese power elite (2016).
- Schutte, Kimberly. Women, Rank, and Marriage in the British Aristocracy, 1485–2000: An Open Elite? (2014).
- Stone, Lawrence. An open elite?: England, 1540–1880 (1986).
Amerika Serikat
- Aldrich, Nelson W. (1996). Old Money: The Mythology of Wealth in America. New York: Allworth Press. ISBN 9781880559642.
- Allen, Irving Lewis. "WASP—From Sociological Concept to Epithet", Ethnicity 2.2 (1975): 153–162.
- Baltzell, E. Digby. Philadelphia Gentlemen: The Making of a New Upper Class (1958).
- Beckert, Sven. The monied metropolis: New York City and the consolidation of the American bourgeoisie, 1850–1896 (2003).
- Brooks, David. Bobos in paradise: The new upper class and how they got there (2010)
- Davis, Donald F. "The Price of Conspicious [sic] Production: The Detroit Elite and the Automobile Industry, 1900–1933." Journal of Social History 16.1 (1982): 21–46. online
- Farnum, Richard. "Prestige in the Ivy League: Democratization and discrimination at Penn and Columbia, 1890–1970." in Paul W. Kingston and Lionel S. Lewis, eds. The high-status track: Studies of elite schools and stratification (1990).
- Foulkes, Nick. High Society – The History of America's Upper Class, (Assouline, 2008) ISBN 2759402886.
- Fraser, Steve and Gary Gerstle, eds. Ruling America: A History of Wealth and Power in a Democracy, Harvard University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-674-01747-1.
- Ghent, Jocelyn Maynard, and Frederic Cople Jaher. "The Chicago Business Elite: 1830–1930. A Collective Biography." Business History Review 50.3 (1976): 288–328. online
- Hood, Clifton. In Pursuit of Privilege: A History of New York City's Upper Class and the Making of a Metropolis (2016). Covers 1760–1970.
- Ingham, John N. The Iron Barons: A Social Analysis of an American Urban Elite, 1874–1965 (1978)
- Jaher, Frederic Cople, ed. The Rich, the Well Born, and the Powerful: Elites and Upper Classes in History (1973), essays by scholars
- Jaher, Frederick Cople. The Urban Establishment: Upper Strata in Boston, New York, Chicago, Charleston, and Los Angeles (1982).
- Lundberg, Ferdinand: The Rich and the Super-Rich: A Study in the Power of Money Today (1968)
- McConachie, Bruce A. "New York operagoing, 1825–50: creating an elite social ritual." American Music (1988): 181–192. online
- Maggor, Noam. Brahmin Capitalism: Frontiers of Wealth and Populism in America's First Gilded Age (Harvard UP, 2017); 304 pp. online review
- Ostrander, Susan A. (1986). Women of the Upper Class. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-0-87722-475-4.
- Phillips, Kevin P. Wealth and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich, Broadway Books 2003, ISBN 0-7679-0534-2.
- Story, Ronald. (1980) The forging of an aristocracy: Harvard & the Boston upper class, 1800-1870
- Williams, Peter W. Religion, Art, and Money: Episcopalians and American Culture from the Civil War to the Great Depression (2016), especially in New York City