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Bambusa

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Bambusa
Bambusa oldhamii
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Kerajaan: Plantae
Klad: Tracheophyta
Klad: Angiospermae
Klad: Monokotil
Klad: Komelinid
Ordo: Poales
Famili: Poaceae
Subfamili: Bambusoideae
Tribus: Bambuseae
Subtribus: Bambusinae
Genus: Bambusa
Schreb.
Spesies tipe
Bambusa bambos
Sinonim[2]
  • Arundarbor Kuntze
  • Bambos Retz.
  • Bambus J. F. Gmel.
  • Dendrocalamopsis (L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung) Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao
  • Dendrocalamopsis Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao
  • Ischurochloa Büse
  • Leleba Nakai
  • Lingnania McClure
  • Tetragonocalamus Nakai
  • Neosinocalamus Keng f.
  • Pseudobambusa T.Q.Nguyen

Bambusa adalah genus besar bambu berumpun [3]. Sebagian besar spesies Bambusa agak besar, dengan banyak cabang muncul dari buku, dan satu atau dua lebih besar dari yang lain. Cabang - cabangnya bisa sepanjang 11 meter (35 kaki)

Mereka berasal dari Asia Tenggara, Asia Selatan, China, Taiwan, Himalaya, New Guinea, Melanesia, dan Wilayah Utara dari Australia. Mereka juga dilaporkan dinaturalisasi di daerah lain, mis. Afrika, Amerika, dan berbagai pulau samudra.[2][4][5][6]

Spesies[2]

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. Bambusa affinis Munro – Laos, Myanmar
  2. Bambusa albolineata L.C.Chia – Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang
  3. Bambusa alemtemshii H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
  4. Bambusa amplexicaulis W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  5. Bambusa angustiaurita W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  6. Bambusa angustissima L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  7. Bambusa arnhemica F.Muell. – Northern Territory of Australia
  8. Bambusa assamica Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
  9. Bambusa aurinuda McClure – Guangxi, Vietnam
  10. Bambusa australis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Vietnam
  11. Bambusa balcooa Roxb. – India, Nepal, Assam, Bangladesh, Indo-China; naturalized in South Africa and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea
  12. Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss – India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Assam, Indochina; naturalized in Seychelles, Central America, West Indies, Java, Malaysia, Maluku, Philippines
  13. Bambusa barpatharica Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
  14. Bambusa basihirsuta McClure – Guangdong, Zhejiang
  15. Bambusa basihirsutoides N.H.Xia – Guangdong
  16. Bambusa basisolida W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  17. Bambusa beecheyana Munro – Taiwan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan; naturalized in Colombia, Brazil
  18. Bambusa bicicatricata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  19. Bambusa binghamii Gamble – Myanmar
  20. Bambusa blumeana Schult. & Schult. – Tropical Asia
  21. Bambusa boniopsis McClure – Hainan
  22. Bambusa brevispicula Holttum – New Guinea
  23. Bambusa brunneoaciculia G.A.Fu – Hainan
  24. Bambusa burmanica Gamble – Bangladesh, Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia
  25. Bambusa cacharensis R.B.Majumdar – Bangladesh, Assam
  26. Bambusa cerosissima McClure – Guangdong. Guangxi, Vietnam
  27. Bambusa chungii McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan
  28. Bambusa chunii L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Laos; cultivated in Hong Kong
  29. Bambusa clavata Stapleton – Bhutan
  30. Bambusa comillensis Alam – Bangladesh
  31. Bambusa concava W.T.Lin – Hainan
  32. Bambusa contracta L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi
  33. Bambusa copelandii Gamble – Myanmar
  34. Bambusa corniculata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  35. Bambusa cornigera McClure – Guangxi
  36. Bambusa crispiaurita W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  37. Bambusa dampaeana H.B.Naithani, Garbyal & N.S.Bisht – Mizoram
  38. Bambusa diaoluoshanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  39. Bambusa dissimulator McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Puerto Rico
  40. Bambusa distegia (Keng & Keng f.) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Sichuan
  41. Bambusa dolichoclada Hayata – Fujian, Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
  42. Bambusa duriuscula W.T.Lin – Hainan
  43. Bambusa emeiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan
  44. Bambusa eutuldoides McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Colombia
  45. Bambusa farinacea K.M.Wong – Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  46. Bambusa fimbriligulata McClure – Myanmar
  47. Bambusa flexuosa Munro – Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Guangdong, Hainan
  48. Bambusa fruticosa Holttum – Papua New Guinea
  49. Bambusa funghomii McClure – Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi
  50. Bambusa garuchokua Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
  51. Bambusa gibba McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi; naturalized in Ecuador
  52. Bambusa gibboides W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  53. Bambusa glabrovagina G.A.Fu – Hainan
  54. Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja – Java
  55. Bambusa grandis (Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao) Ohrnb. – Guangxi
  56. Bambusa griffithiana Munro – Manipur, Myanmar
  57. Bambusa guangxiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  58. Bambusa hainanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  59. Bambusa heterostachya (Munro) Holttum – Peninsular Malaysia
  60. Bambusa horsfieldii Munro – Java, Philippines
  61. Bambusa indigena L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  62. Bambusa insularis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  63. Bambusa intermedia Hsueh f. & T.P.Yi – Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan
  64. Bambusa jacobsii Widjaja – Java
  65. Bambusa jaintiana R.B.Majumdar – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar
  66. Bambusa khasiana Munro – Assam
  67. Bambusa kingiana Gamble – Myanmar
  68. Bambusa lako Widjaja – Timor
  69. Bambusa lapidea McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
  70. Bambusa latideltata W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  71. Bambusa laxa K.M.Wong – Peninsular Malaysia
  72. Bambusa lenta L.C.Chia – Fujian
  73. Bambusa longipalea W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  74. Bambusa longispiculata Gamble – Bangladesh, Myanmar; naturalized in Vietnam, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador, Puerto Rico
  75. †Bambusa lugdunensis Saporta – Neogene deposits of Europe
  76. Bambusa macrolemma Holttum – New Britain
  77. Bambusa macrotis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  78. Bambusa maculata Widjaja – Maluku
  79. Bambusa majumdarii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  80. Bambusa malingensis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Cuba
  81. Bambusa manipureana H.B.Naithani & N.S.Bisht – Manipur
  82. Bambusa marginata Munro – Myanmar
  83. Bambusa merrillii Gamble – Luzon
  84. Bambusa microcephala (Pilg.) Holttum – New Guinea
  85. Bambusa mizorameana H.B.Naithani – Mizoram
  86. Bambusa mohanramii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  87. Bambusa mollis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  88. Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f. – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan; naturalized in Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Iraq, Bismarck Archipelago, New Zealand, Chiapas, Central America, West Indies, Colombia, Ecuador, eastern Brazil, Florida, Georgia, Alabama
  89. Bambusa mutabilis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Puerto Rico
  90. Bambusa nagalandiana H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
  91. Bambusa nairiana P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  92. Bambusa nepalensis Stapleton – Nepal
  93. Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro – Himalayas of eastern + northern India; Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  94. Bambusa odashimae Hatus. ex D.Z.Li & Stapleton – Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
  95. Bambusa oldhamii Munro – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang; naturalized in Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, New Zealand, Chiapas, Honduras, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  96. Bambusa oliveriana Gamble – Myanmar
  97. Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti – Bali
  98. Bambusa pachinensis Hayata – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang
  99. Bambusa pallida Munro – Sikkim, Yunnan, Assam, Bangladesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Indochina
  100. Bambusa papillata (Q.H.Dai) K.M.Lan – Guangxi
  101. Bambusa papillatoides Q.H.Dai & D.Y.Huang – Guangxi
  102. Bambusa pervariabilis McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Puerto Rico
  103. Bambusa pierreana E.G.Camus – Thailand, Vietnam
  104. Bambusa piscatorum McClure – Hainan
  105. Bambusa polymorpha Munro – Bangladesh, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand; naturalized in Assam, Sri Lanka, Java, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ecuador
  106. Bambusa procera A.Chev. & A.Camus – Vietnam, Cambodia
  107. Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
  108. Bambusa ramispinosa L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  109. Bambusa rangaensis Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
  110. Bambusa rectocuneata (W.T.Lin) N.H.Xia, R.S.Lin & R.H.Wang – Guangdong
  111. Bambusa remotiflora (Kuntze) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam
  112. Bambusa riauensis Widjaja – Sumatra
  113. Bambusa rigida Keng & Keng f. – Sichuan
  114. Bambusa riparia Holttum – Papua New Guinea
  115. Bambusa rongchengensis (T.P.Yi & C.Y.Sia) D.Z.Li – Sichuan
  116. Bambusa rugata (W.T.Lin) Ohrnb. – Guangdong
  117. Bambusa rutila McClure – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan
  118. Bambusa salarkhanii Alam – Nepal, Bangladesh
  119. Bambusa schizostachyoides Kurz ex Gamble – Myanmar, Vietnam, Andaman Islands
  120. Bambusa semitecta W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  121. Bambusa sesquiflora (McClure) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Thailand, Vietnam
  122. Bambusa sinospinosa McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan
  123. Bambusa solida Munro ex Becc. – Borneo
  124. Bambusa solomonensis Holttum – Solomon Islands
  125. Bambusa spinosa Roxb. – Indonesia, Philippines; naturalized in southern China, Ryukyu Islands, Indochina, Malaysia, Puerto Rico
  126. Bambusa stenoaurita (W.T.Lin) T.H.Wen – Guangdong
  127. Bambusa subaequalis H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
  128. Bambusa subtruncata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  129. Bambusa surrecta (Q.H.Dai) Q.H.Dai – Guangxi
  130. Bambusa tabacaria (Lour.) Steud. – Vietnam, Java, Maluku
  131. Bambusa teres Munro – Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
  132. Bambusa textilis McClure – Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam; naturalized in Colombia, Puerto Rico
  133. Bambusa transvenula (W.T.Lin & Z.J.Feng) N.H.Xia – Guangdong
  134. Bambusa truncata B.M.Yang – Hunan
  135. Bambusa tsangii McClure – Vietnam
  136. Bambusa tulda Roxb – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, India, Bangladesh, northern Indochina; naturalized in Iraq, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Puerto Rico
  137. Bambusa tuldoides Munro – Guangdong, Guangxi, Indochina; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands, Bangladesh, Chiapas, El Salvador, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Trinidad, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia
  138. Bambusa utilis W.C.Lin – Taiwan
  139. Bambusa valida (Q.H.Dai) W.T.Lin – Guangxi
  140. Bambusa variostriata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  141. Bambusa ventricosa McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Malaysia
  142. Bambusa villosula Kurz – Myanmar
  143. Bambusa vinhphuensis T.Q.Nguyen – Vietnam
  144. Bambusa viridis Widjaja – western New Guinea
  145. Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. – Yunnan, Indochina; naturalized in parts of Africa, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Indian Subcontinent, Latin America, West Indies, United States (Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Florida, Arizona, South Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey)
  146. Bambusa wenchouensis (T.H.Wen) Keng f. ex Q.F.Zheng, Y.M.Lin – Fujian, Zhejiang
  147. Bambusa xiashanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  148. Bambusa xueana Ohrnb. – Yunnan

Catatan fosil

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Fosil daun †Bambusa ilinskiae dijelaskan dari deposit Miosen Carpathians. Fosil daun †Bambusa lugdunensis diketahui terutama dari Miosen Massif du Coiron di Ardèche, Prancis, Miosen Bełchatów di Polandia, Miosen Tengah Austria, Neogen Transcarpathians dan Pliosen Prancis selatan .[7] Temuan dari fosil jejak daun Bambusa usia Messinian (ca. 5,7 Ma) dari Monte Tondo di Romagna Apennines di utara Italia, adalah mirip dengan fosil daun †Bambusa lugdunensis.[8]

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ "Genus: Bambusa Schreb". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Diakses tanggal 24 January 2012. 
  2. ^ a b c Daftar Periksa Kew World untuk Famili Tumbuhan Terpilih
  3. ^ "Bambusa". The Plant List, RBG Kew. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2012. 
  4. ^ Flora Tiongkok Vol. 22 Halaman 8, 9, <besar>簕竹属 le zhu shu, Bambusa Schreber, Jenderal Pl. 236. 1789.
  5. ^ Clayton, W.D. & S.A. Renvoize. 1986. Genera graminum. Rumput dunia. Buletin Kew : Seri Tambahan 13: 1–389.
  6. ^ G.P. Pedagang pengembara. 1997. Bambu. Academic Press, New York.
  7. ^ Acta Palaeobotanica – Supplementum No. 3 – Flora Fosil Baru dari Deposit Neogen di Tambang Lignite Bełchatów oleh Grzegor Worobiec – Akademi Sains Polandia, Institut Botani W. Szafer, Krakow 2003
  8. ^ Analisis lingkungan palaeo dari flora makrofosil Messinian di Tossignano dan Monte Tondo (Vena del Gesso Basin, Romagna Apennines, Italia utara) – Vasilis Teodoridis, Zlatko Kvacek, Marco Sami dan Edoardo Martinetto – Desember 2015 DOI:10.14446/AMNP.2015.249.
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