Estetika Schopenhauer

Schopenhauer mengklaim bahwa seni memberikan pengetahuan tentang Ide-ide Platonis yang abadi dan juga menghasilkan kebebasan sementara dari kehendak.

Estetika Arthur Schopenhauer berasal dari doktrin filosofis Schopenhauer tentang keutamaan Kehendak metafisika sebagai benda dalam dirinya sendiri, landasan kehidupan dan seluruh keberadaan. Dalam karya utamanya, Dunia sebagai Kehendak dan Representasi, Schopenhauer berpendapat bahwa perenungan estetika terhadap sebuah karya seni memberikan kebebasan sementara dari penderitaan yang diakibatkan oleh kehendak [kebutuhan, keinginan, desakan, dorongan] dengan menjadi audience tanpa keinginan dari “dunia sebagai representasi” [gambaran mental atau ide].^[1]^[2] Seni, menurut Schopenhauer, juga memberikan pengetahuan esensial tentang objek-objek dunia dengan cara yang lebih mendalam daripada sains atau pengalaman sehari-hari.^[3]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ "...aesthetic pleasure in the beautiful consists, to a large extent, in the fact that, when we enter the state of pure contemplation, we are raised for the moment above all willing, above all desires and cares; we are, so to speak, rid of ourselves." (Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, vol. I, § 68, Dover page 390)
^ Schopenhauer's Account of Aesthetic Experience. TJ Diffey - The British Journal of Aesthetics, 1990 - Br Soc Aesthetics
^ "[A]esthetics is at the heart of philosophy for Schopenhauer: art and aesthetic experience not only provide escape from an otherwise miserable existence, but attain an objectivity explicitly superior to that of science or ordinary empirical knowledge." "Knowledge and Tranquility: Schopenhauer on the Value of Art," Christopher Janaway, in Dale Jacquette (ed.), Schopenhauer, Philosophy and the Arts, ch. 2, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 39.

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[1] "...aesthetic pleasure in the beautiful consists, to a large extent, in the fact that, when we enter the state of pure contemplation, we are raised for the moment above all willing, above all desires and cares; we are, so to speak, rid of ourselves." (Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, vol. I, § 68, Dover page 390)

[2] Schopenhauer's Account of Aesthetic Experience. TJ Diffey - The British Journal of Aesthetics, 1990 - Br Soc Aesthetics

[3] "[A]esthetics is at the heart of philosophy for Schopenhauer: art and aesthetic experience not only provide escape from an otherwise miserable existence, but attain an objectivity explicitly superior to that of science or ordinary empirical knowledge." "Knowledge and Tranquility: Schopenhauer on the Value of Art," Christopher Janaway, in Dale Jacquette (ed.), Schopenhauer, Philosophy and the Arts, ch. 2, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 39.

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