Pertempuran Dunkirk (1658)
Pertempuran Dunkirk | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bagian dari Perang Prancis-Spanyol dan Perang Inggris-Spanyol | |||||||
![]() La Bataille des Dunes oleh Charles-Philippe Larivière. Galerie des Batailles, Istana Versailles. | |||||||
| |||||||
Pihak terlibat | |||||||
![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() | ||||||
Tokoh dan pemimpin | |||||||
![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ||||||
Kekuatan | |||||||
15.000[3] 9.000 infantri dan 6.000 kavaleri.[4] |
15.000:[5] 6.000 infantri: (termasuk 2.000 Royalis Inggris) 8.000 kavaleri.[6] | ||||||
Korban | |||||||
400 tewas.[7] | 1.000 tewas dan 5.000 ditangkap.[7] |
Pertempuran Dunkirk adalah sebuah pertempuran yang meletus pada 14 Juni 1658 (kalender Gregorian). Dalam pertempuran ini, pasukan gabungan Prancis dan Persemakmuran Inggris di bawah pimpinan Turenne (salah satu jenderal besar pada masanya)[8] berhasil mengalahkan pasukan gabungan Spanyol, Royalis Inggris dan pemberontak Fronde Prancis di bawah pimpinan Juan José de Austria dan Louis II de Condé. Pertempuran ini merupakan bagian dari Perang Prancis-Spanyol dan Perang Inggris-Spanyol yang berlangsung pada saat yang sama. Pertempuran ini berkecamuk di dekat Dunkirk, sebuah kota pelabuhan yang terletak di pesisir Selat Inggris di wilayah yang saat itu merupakan bagian dari Belanda Spanyol. Pasukan Prancis sebelumnya telah mengepung Dunkirk dan pasukan Spanyol mencoba menghentikan pengepungan ini.
Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Sandler 2002, hlm. 247.
- ^ Lopez 2012, hlm. 32–33.
- ^ Fortescue 1899, hlm. 271.
- ^ Fortescue 1899, hlm. 271; juga Hozier 1885, hlm. 132.
- ^ Fortescue 1899, hlm. 270.
- ^ Fortescue 1899, hlm. 270 juga, Hozier 1885, hlm. 131.
- ^ a b Davis 2001, hlm. 225.
- ^ Chisholm 1911a, hlm. 414.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Anderson, Bruce (20 July 2009), "The British admire their Army but they don't understand it", The Independent, hlm. 25
- Asquith, Stuart (1981), New Model Army 1645–60, Osprey Publishing, hlm. 31, ISBN 0-85045-385-2
Atkinson, Charles Francis (1911), "The Great Rebellion: 4. Battle of Edgehill", dalam Chisholm, Hugh, Encyclopædia Britannica, 12 (edisi ke-11), Cambridge University Press, hlm. 404
- Baker, Richard; Phillips, Edward (1733), A Chronicle of the Kings of England ..., Samuel Ballard; et al, hlm. 562
- Birch, Thomas, ed. (1742), "State Papers, 1656: September (2 of 7)", A collection of the State Papers of John Thurloe, (volume 5: May 1656 – January 1657), 5, British History Online, hlm. 384–399
- Capp, B.S. (1989), Cromwell's navy: the fleet and the English Revolution, 1648–1660, USA: Oxford University Press, ISBN 019820115X
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911a), "Turenne", Encyclopædia Britannica, 27 (edisi ke-11), Cambridge University Press, hlm. 414
- Cust, Edward, Sir (1867), Lives of the Warriors of the Civil Wars of France and England, London: John Murray
- Davis, Paul K. (2001), 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present, Oxford University Press US, hlm. 222–225, ISBN 978-0-19-514366-9
- Firth, C.H. (January–June 1894), Notes and queries, eighth series, John C Francies, 5: 161–162 https://archive.org/details/s8notesqueries05londuoft Tidak memiliki atau tanpa
|title=
(bantuan); Parameter|chapter=
akan diabaikan (bantuan) - Firth, C.H. (1909), The last years of the Protectorate, 2, London, New York: Longmans, Green, hlm. 192–199
- Fortescue, John William, Sir (1899), A history of the British army, Volume 1, London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd.
- Grant, R G (2010), Battle at Sea: 3000 years of naval warfare, Dorling Kindersley, hlm. 131, ISBN 9781405335058
- Hamilton, Sir Frederick William (1874), The Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards, I, London: John Murray
- Hozier, Sir Henry Montague (1885), Turenne, London: Chapman & Hall
- EKBGD staff, Origins, East Kent Branch of the Grenadier Guards Association, diakses tanggal July 2012 Hapus pranala luar di parameter
|publisher=
(bantuan) - Longueville, Thomas (1907), Marshall Turenne, London: Longmans, Green, & Co., hlm. 252–267
- Lopez, Ignacio (24 July 2012), The Spanish Tercios 1536–1704, Osprey Publishing, hlm. 32–33, ISBN 978-1-78096-873-5
- Manganiello, Stephen C. (2004), "Dunes, The", The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland 1639–1660, Scarecrow Press, hlm. 170, 171, ISBN 0-8108-5100-8
- Maland, David M.A. (1991), Europe in the Seventeenth Century (edisi ke-Second), Macmillan, hlm. 227, ISBN 0-333-33574-0
- Niderost, Eric (October 1993), "English Civil War: Battle of Edgehill", Military History magazine, diakses tanggal July 2012
- Plant, David (25 June 2008), The Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of the Dunes, 1658, British Civil Wars and Commonwealth website, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-01-15, diakses tanggal 2016-04-08 Hapus pranala luar di parameter
|publisher=
(bantuan)[butuh sumber yang lebih baik] - Ramsay, Andrew Michael (1735), The history of Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount de Turenne, Marshal of France, II, London, hlm. 184, 499–500. (This volume includes Memoirs of the Duke of York: First of the Civil Wars in France)
- Rodger, N.A.M. (2004), The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History Of Britain, 1649–1815, Volume 2, London: W.W. Norton & Company, hlm. 28–29, ISBN 0-393-06050-0
- Sandler, Stanley (2002), Ground Warfare: H-Q, ABC-CLIO, hlm. 247, ISBN 978-1-57607-344-5
- Tucker, Spencer C. (2010), Battles That Changed History: An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, Santa Barbara: Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-1-59884-429-0
- Waylen, James (1880), The house of Cromwell and the story of Dunkirk, London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., hlm. 198
51°02′18″N 2°22′39″E / 51.0383°N 2.3775°E