Templat:Garis waktu Buddhisme
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Garis waktu: Perkembangan dan penyebaran tradisi Buddhis (lk. 450 SM – lk. 1300 M) | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Kelompok awal Buddhis | Mahayana | Vajrayana | |||||||||||||||||
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| Buddhisme Theravada |
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Buddhisme Tibetan | |||||||||||||||||
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| Tiantai, Tanah Murni, Zen, Nichiren | |||||||||||||||||||
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| 450 SM | 250 SM | 100 M | 500 M | 700 M | 800 M | 1200 M | |||||||||||||
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Perihal
[sunting sumber]Templat:Garis waktu tradisi Buddhimse menggambarkan awal dan pewarisan dari Buddhisme di India (lk. 450 SEU[1] sampai lk. 1200 EU[2]) beserta dengan kemunculan dan perkembangan tiga tradisi besar Buddhis yang masih ada, yakni: Theravada, Mahayana dan Vajrayana.
Penggunaan
[sunting sumber]Templat ini dapat digunakan dengan cara sebagai berikut:
- {{Garis waktu tradisi Buddhisme}} — menampilkan templat yang tampak berikut (<>tanpacatatan kaki).
- {{Garis waktu tradisi Buddhisme|notes=1}} — menampilkan templat dengan referensi catatan kaki(contoh: [1] dan [2]) dan keterangan yang sehubungan (lihat below).
Skema warna
[sunting sumber]Ragam warna yang digunakan pada diagram dimaksudkan untuk mewakili penggunaan waran juga dari tradisi yang dimaksud:
| saffron ("emas") |
Theravada |
| brown ("peru") |
Mahayana |
| muted red ("indianred") |
Vajrayana/Tibetan/Shingon |
"Greko-Buddhisme" dan "Buddhisme Jalur Sutra" mewakilkan wilayah dan periode waktu yang keduanya merupakan kelompok Buddhisme awal dan keberadaan tradisi Mahayana dan oleh karenanya penggunaan warna merupakan perpaduan dari warna Kelompok Buddhisme awal dan Mahayana.
Batasan diagram
[sunting sumber]Diagram batas tidak ditujukan untuk mewakili jumlah populasi dari tradisi yang dimaksud.
Penggunaan opsi "catatan"
[sunting sumber]Jika "catatan" (parameter : notes) digunakan, maka referensi catatan kaki akan disertakan ke dalam diagram dan catatan yang berhubungan akan secara langgsung ditempatkan pada bagian "Catatan kaki" artikel. Oleh karenanya, sumber materi catatan kaki (yang diberikan di bawah) juga harus disertakan pada bagian "Sumber" atau "Referensi"
Catatan
[sunting sumber]Berhubungan dengan referensi catatan kaki dari diagram (jika sebelumnya tidak terdapat catatan referensi maka: [1], [2]), catatan diagram ini adalah:
- ^ Cousins, L.S. (1996); Buswell (2003), Vol. I, p. 82; and, Keown & Prebish (2004), p. 107. See also, Gombrich (1988/2002), p. 32: “…[T]he best we can say is that [the Buddha] was probably Enlightened between 550 and 450, more likely later rather than earlier."
- ^ Williams (2000, pp. 6-7) writes: "As a matter of fact Buddhism in mainland India itself had all but ceased to exist by the thirteenth century CE, although by that time it had spread to Tibet, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia." Embree et al. (1958/1988), "Chronology," p. xxix: "c. 1000-1200: Buddhism disappears as [an] organized religious force in India." See also, Robinson & Johnson (1970/1982), pp. 100-1, 108 Fig. 1; and, Harvey (1990/2007), pp. 139-40.
Catatan ini akan secara otomatis ditampilkan pada artikel (oleh karena catatan ini termasuk dalam diagram) bila diagram ini di transklusikan bila penggunaan tag <references /> atau {{reflist}} digunakan.
Sumber
[sunting sumber]Catatan-catatan diambil dari sumber-sumber berikut:
- Buswell, Jr., Robert E. (ed.) (2003). Encyclopedia of Buddhism (MacMillan). ISBN 0-02-865718-7.
- Cousins, L.S. (1996). "The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article" in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 6.1 (1996): 57-63. Retrieved 29 Nov 2008 from "Indology" at http://indology.info/papers/cousins/.
- Embree, Ainslie T. (ed.), Stephen N. Hay (ed.), Wm. Theodore de Bary (ed.), A.L. Bashram, R.N. Dandekar, Peter Hardy, J.B. Harrison, V. Raghavan, Royal Weiler, and Andrew Yarrow (1958; 2nd ed. 1988). Sources of Indian Tradition: From the Beginning to 1800 (vol. 1). NY: Columbia U. Press. ISBN 0-231-06651-1.
- Gombrich, Richard F. (1988; 6th reprint, 2002). Theravāda Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern Colombo (London: Routledge). ISBN 0-415-07585-8.
- Harvey, Peter (1990; 15th printing, 2007). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ISBN 0-521-31333-3.
- Keown, Damien and Charles S Prebish (eds.) (2004). Encyclopedia of Buddhism (London: Routledge). ISBN 978-0-415-31414-5.
- Robinson, Richard H. and Willard L. Johnson (1970; 3rd ed., 1982). The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing). ISBN 0-534-01027-X.
- Williams, Paul with Anthony Tribe (2000). Buddhist Thought (London: Routledge). ISBN 0-415-20701-0. Retrieved 29 Nov 2008 from "Google Books" at http://books.google.com/books?id=v0Rpvycf1t0C.
If the notes are transcluded with this diagram, then it is recommended that these references be copy-and-pasted into the transcluding article's sources/bibliography section.
Lihat pula
[sunting sumber]Notes
[sunting sumber]- ^ Cousins, L.S. (1996); Buswell (2003), Vol. I, p. 82; and, Keown & Prebish (2004), p. 107. See also, Gombrich (1988/2002), p. 32: “…[T]he best we can say is that [the Buddha] was probably Enlightened between 550 and 450, more likely later rather than earlier."
- ^ Williams (2000, pp. 6-7) writes: "As a matter of fact Buddhism in mainland India itself had all but ceased to exist by the thirteenth century CE, although by that time it had spread to Tibet, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia." See also, Robinson & Johnson (1970/1982), pp. 100-1, 108 Fig. 1; and, Harvey (1990/2007), pp. 139-40.
Sources
[sunting sumber]- Buswell, Jr., Robert E. (ed.) (2003). Encyclopedia of Buddhism (MacMillan). ISBN 0-02-865718-7.
- Cousins, L.S. (1996). "The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article" in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 6.1 (1996): 57-63. Retrieved 29 Nov 2008 from "Indology" at http://indology.info/papers/cousins/.
- Embree, Ainslie T. (ed.), Stephen N. Hay (ed.), Wm. Theodore de Bary (ed.), A.L. Bashram, R.N. Dandekar, Peter Hardy, J.B. Harrison, V. Raghavan, Royal Weiler, and Andrew Yarrow (1958; 2nd ed. 1988). Sources of Indian Tradition: From the Beginning to 1800 (vol. 1). NY: Columbia U. Press. ISBN 0-231-06651-1.
- Gombrich, Richard F. (1988; 6th reprint, 2002). Theravāda Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern Colombo (London: Routledge). ISBN 0-415-07585-8.
- Harvey, Peter (1990; 15th printing, 2007). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ISBN 0-521-31333-3.
- Keown, Damien and Charles S Prebish (eds.) (2004). Encyclopedia of Buddhism (London: Routledge). ISBN 978-0-415-31414-5.
- Robinson, Richard H. and Willard L. Johnson (1970; 3rd ed., 1982). The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing). ISBN 0-534-01027-X.
- Williams, Paul with Anthony Tribe (2000). Buddhist Thought (London: Routledge). ISBN 0-415-20701-0. Retrieved 29 Nov 2008 from "Google Books" at http://books.google.com/books?id=v0Rpvycf1t0C.