Gereja Ortodoks Rumania: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{short description|Christian Orthodox-oriented jurisdiction in Romania}} |
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[[Berkas:BOR CoA.png|250px|thumb|right|Gereja Orthodox Rumania]] |
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{{Infobox Christian denomination |
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'''Gereja Ortodoks Rumania''' (''Biserica Ortodoxă Română'' dalam [[bahasa Rumania]]) adalah gereja [[Gereja Ortodoks Timur|Ortodoks Timur]] di Rumania. Gereja ini berada dalam komuni (persekutuan) penuh dengan gereja-gereja Ortodoks Timur lainnya. Yurisdiksi gereja ini meliputi wilayah Rumania dan diaspora Rumania yang tinggal di luar negeri. |
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| icon = |
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| icon_alt = |
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| name = Gereja Ortodoks Rumania<br />(Patriarkat Rumania) |
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| image = [[Berkas:Stema Patriarhiei Române.jpg|200px]] |
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| imagewidth = |
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| alt = |
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| caption = Lambang |
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| abbreviation = |
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| type = |
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| main_classification = [[Gereja Ortodoks Timur]] |
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| orientation = |
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| scripture = [[Septuaginta]], [[Perjanjian Baru]] |
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| theology = [[Palamisme]] |
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| polity = |
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| governance = |
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| structure = |
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| leader_title = |
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| leader_name = |
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| leader_title1 = Uskup Agung |
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| leader_name1 = [[Patriark Daniel]] |
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| leader_title2 = |
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| leader_name2 = |
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| leader_title3 = Uskup |
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| leader_name3 = 53{{sfn|Reichel|Eder|2011|p=25}} |
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| fellowships_type = Imam |
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| fellowships = 15,068{{sfn|Reichel|Eder|2011|p=25}} |
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| fellowships_type1 = |
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| fellowships1 = |
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| division_type = Paroki |
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| division = 15,717{{sfn|Reichel|Eder|2011|p=25}} |
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| division_type1 = Monastik |
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| division1 = 2,810 lelaki, dan 4,795 perempuan{{sfn|Reichel|Eder|2011|p=25}} |
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| division_type2 = Monasteri |
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| division2 = 359{{sfn|Reichel|Eder|2011|p=25}} |
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| division_type3 = |
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| division3 = |
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| associations = |
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| area = |
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| language = [[Bahasa Rumania|Rumania]] |
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| liturgy = |
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| headquarters = [[Dealul Mitropoliei]], [[Bukares]] |
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| territory = [[Rumania]]<br />[[Moldova]] |
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| possessions = [[Serbia]]<br />[[Hungaria]]<br />Western and Southern Europe;<br />Germany, Central and Northern Europe;<br />Americas;<br /> Australia and New Zealand |
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| origin_link = |
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| founder = (sebagai Metropolitan Rumania)<br />[[Nifon Rusailă]], [[Carol I of Romania|Carol I]]<br /> |
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(sebagai Patriarkat Rumania)<br />[[Miron Cristea]], [[Ferdinand I of Romania|Ferdinand I]] |
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| founded_date = |
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| founded_place = |
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| independence = 1865 |
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| reunion = |
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| recognition = 25 April 1885 |
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| separated_from = |
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| branched_from = |
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| merger = |
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| absorbed = |
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| separations = [[Old Calendarist Romanian Orthodox Church]] (1925) |
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| merged_into = |
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| defunct = |
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| congregations_type = |
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| congregations = |
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| members = 16,367,267 di Rumania;<ref>2011 Romanian census.</ref> 720,000 di Moldova<ref name="Basarabia"/> 11,203 di Amerika Serikat{{sfn|Krindatch|2011|p=143}} |
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| ministers_type = |
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| ministers = |
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| missionaries = |
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| churches = |
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| hospitals = |
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| nursing_homes = |
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| aid = |
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| primary_schools = |
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| secondary_schools = |
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| tax_status = |
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| tertiary = |
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| other_names = |
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| publications = |
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| website = www.patriarhia.ro/ |
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| slogan = |
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| logo = |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
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'''Gereja Ortodoks Rumania''' (''Biserica Ortodoxă Română'' dalam [[bahasa Rumania]]) adalah gereja [[Gereja Ortodoks Timur|Ortodoks Timur]] di [[Rumania]]. Gereja ini berada dalam komuni (persekutuan) penuh dengan gereja-gereja Ortodoks Timur lainnya. Yurisdiksi gereja ini meliputi wilayah Rumania dan diaspora Rumania yang tinggal di luar negeri. |
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Mayoritas penduduk [[Rumania]] (18.817.975 atau 86.8% dari penduduk Rumania<ref>[http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/16.pdf 2002 census data on religion]</ref>) memeluk agama ini. 720.000 penduduk [[Moldova]] juga menganutnya.<ref name="Basarabia">{{ro icon}} [http://www.ziua.net/news.php?data=2008-01-31&id=3053 "Biserica Ortodoxă Română, atacată de bisericile 'surori'" ("The Romanian Orthodox Church, Attacked by Its 'Sister' Churches"], ''Ziua'', 31 January 2008</ref> |
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Mayoritas penduduk [[Rumania]] (18.817.975 atau 86.8% dari penduduk Rumania<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/16.pdf |title=2002 census data on religion |access-date=2009-12-02 |archive-date=2006-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060526082504/http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/16.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>) memeluk agama ini. 720.000 penduduk [[Moldova]] juga menganutnya.<ref name="Basarabia">{{ro icon}} [http://www.ziua.net/news.php?data=2008-01-31&id=3053 "Biserica Ortodoxă Română, atacată de bisericile 'surori'" ("The Romanian Orthodox Church, Attacked by Its 'Sister' Churches"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201115727/http://ziua.net/news.php?data=2008-01-31&id=3053 |date=2008-02-01 }}, ''Ziua'', 31 January 2008</ref> |
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== Referensi == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== Teolog terkemuka == |
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{{agama-stub}} |
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* [[Dumitru Stăniloae]] (1903–1993) dianggap salah satu teolog Ortodoks terbesar pada abad ke-20, menulis secara luas di semua bidang utama sistematik teologi Kristen Timur. Salah satu prestasi utama dalam teologi adalah serial komprehensif 45 tahun mengenai spiritualitas Ortodoks yang dikenal sebagai [[Philokalia]] Rumania, sebuah koleksi naskah yang ditulis oleh penulis-penulis Bizantin klasik, yang diedit dan diterjemahkannya dari bahasa Yunani. |
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* ''Archimandrite'' [[Ilie Cleopa]] (1912–1998), penatua dari ''Sihǎstria Monastery'', dianggap salah satu bapa yang paling mewakili spiritualitas monastik kontemprorer dalam Romanian Orthodox.<ref>Electronic version of ''Dicţionarul teologilor români'' (''Dictionary of Romanian Theologians''), Univers Enciclopedic Ed., Bucharest, 1996, retrieved from [http://biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/I/IlieCleopa.html http://biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/I/IlieCleopa.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916043316/http://biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/I/IlieCleopa.html |date=2011-09-16 }}.</ref> |
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== Daftar Patriark == |
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[[Kategori:Gereja Ortodoks Rumania]] |
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* Miron Cristea (1925–1939) |
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* Nicodim Munteanu (1939–1948) |
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* Justinian Marina (1948–1977) |
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* Iustin Moisescu (1977–1986) |
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* Teoctist Arăpaşu (1986–2007) |
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* Daniel (sejak 2007) |
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== Pemimpin sekarang == |
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Jabatan patriarkhal sekarang ini diduduki oleh Daniel Ciobotea (Daniel I), Archbishop [[Bucharest]], Metropolitan Ungro-Vlachia (Muntenia atau [[Wallachia]] dan Dobrogea atau [[Dobruja]]) dan "Patriarch of All of the Romanian Orthodox Church", ''Locum Tenens'' of Caesarea di Cappadocia. |
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* [[Teofan Savu]], Metropolitan [[Metropolis of Moldavia and Bukovina|Moldavia and Bukovina]] [http://www.mmb.ro/en/index.php?pagina=11] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204063907/http://www.mmb.ro/en/index.php?pagina=11 |date=2012-02-04 }} |
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* [[Laurenţiu Streza]], Metropolitan [[Transylvania]], [http://mitropolia-ardealului.ro/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508094802/http://www.mitropolia-ardealului.ro/ |date=2013-05-08 }} |
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* [[Andrei Andreicuț]], Metropolitan [[Cluj County|Cluj]], [[Maramureş (historical region)|Maramureş]] and Sǎlaj |
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* [[Nicolae Corneanu]], Metropolitan Banat |
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* [[Irineu Popa]], Metropolitan Oltenia |
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* [[Petru Păduraru]], Metropolitan [[Metropolis of Bessarabia|Bessarabia]] |
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* [[Iosif Pop]], Archbishop of Paris and Metropolitan of France, Western and Southern Europe [http://www.mitropolia-paris.ro/ ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625095956/https://www.mitropolia-paris.ro/ |date=2023-06-25 }} |
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* [[Serafim Joantă]], Metropolitan Jerman dan Eropa Tengah |
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* [[Nicolae Condrea]], the Most Reverend Archbishop of Romanian Orthodox Archdiocese of America and Canada |
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== Galeri == |
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<gallery perrow="5"> |
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|Timişoara Orthodox Cathedral di [[Timişoara]], [[Romania]] |
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File:RO IS Metropolitan orthodox cathedral.jpeg|Metropolitan Cathedral di [[Iaşi]], gereja Ortodoks terbesar di [[Rumania]] |
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File:Galati cathedral.jpg|Orthodox cathedral di [[Galaţi]], [[Romania]] |
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File:BisericaDinMioveni.jpg|Orthodox cathedral di [[Mioveni]], [[Romania]] |
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File:Sârbi Josani.jpg|Orthodox church di [[Sârbi Susani church|Sârbi Josani]], [[Romania]] |
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File:Voronet church.jpg|Orthodox church di [[Voroneţ Monastery|Voroneţ]], [[Romania]] |
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File:Tmiklos1.jpg|Orthodox church di [[Nikolinci]], [[Serbia]] |
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File:Biserica din Densus - Pasztor.jpg|Romano-Gothic Orthodox church di [[Densuş Church|Densuş]], [[Romania]] |
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File:Prodromos-2.jpg|Orthodox church di Prodromos (Mount Athos), [[Yunani]] |
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File:Lugojchurch.jpg|Baroc Orthodox cathedral di [[Lugoj]], [[Romania]] |
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File:Man Curtea de Arges.SV.jpg|Orthodox church di Curtea de Argeş, [[Romania]] |
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File:Neamt monastery 1.cristibur.jpg|Orthodox church di Vânători-Neamţ, [[Romania]] |
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File:Horezu.jpg|Orthodox church di Horezu, [[Romania]] |
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File:2006 0610CoziaExterior20565.JPG|Orthodox church di Cozia (Călimăneşti-Căciulata), [[Romania]] |
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File:Kapella jenskoi gimnazii bernardazzi.jpg|[[Neoclassic Byzantine]] Orthodox cathedral di St. Teodora de la Sihla Church, Chişinău, Moldova |
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File:Patriarchenpalast Bukarest.jpg|Palace of the Romanian Patriarchate (dulunya Palace of the Assembly of Deputies (''Adunarea Deputaţilor'')) |
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</gallery> |
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== Referensi == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Gereja Ortodoks Timur-stub}} |
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{{Ortodoks}} |
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[[Kategori:Gereja Ortodoks Rumania| ]] |
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[[ar:الكنيسة الرومانية الأرثوذكسية]] |
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[[Kategori:Gereja di Rumania]] |
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[[bg:Румънска православна църква]] |
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[[ca:Església Ortodoxa Romanesa]] |
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[[de:Rumänisch-Orthodoxe Kirche]] |
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[[en:Romanian Orthodox Church]] |
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[[eo:Rumana Ortodoksa Eklezio]] |
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[[es:Iglesia ortodoxa rumana]] |
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[[fi:Romanian patriarkaatti]] |
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[[fr:Patriarcat de Roumanie]] |
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[[frp:Égllése ortodoxe de Roumanie]] |
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[[ga:Eaglais Cheartchreidmheach na Rómáine]] |
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[[gl:Igrexa Ortodoxa Romanesa]] |
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[[hu:Román ortodox egyház]] |
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[[it:Chiesa ortodossa rumena]] |
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[[ja:ルーマニア正教会]] |
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[[ka:რუმინეთის მართლმადიდებელი ეკლესია]] |
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[[ko:루마니아 정교회]] |
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[[la:Ecclesia Orthodoxa Dacoromanica]] |
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[[mk:Романска Православна црква]] |
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[[nl:Roemeens-orthodoxe Kerk]] |
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[[no:Den rumensk-ortodokse kirke]] |
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[[pl:Rumuński Kościół Prawosławny]] |
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[[pt:Igreja Ortodoxa Romena]] |
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[[ro:Biserica Ortodoxă Română]] |
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[[ru:Румынская православная церковь]] |
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[[sr:Румунска православна црква]] |
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[[tr:Romanya Ortodoks Kilisesi]] |
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[[uk:Румунська Православна Церква]] |
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[[zh:罗马尼亚正教会]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 16 Desember 2023 10.59
![]() Lambang | |
Penggolongan | Gereja Ortodoks Timur |
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Kitab suci | Septuaginta, Perjanjian Baru |
Teologi | Palamisme |
Uskup Agung | Patriark Daniel |
Uskup | 53[1] |
Imam | 15,068[1] |
Paroki | 15,717[1] |
Monastik | 2,810 lelaki, dan 4,795 perempuan[1] |
Monasteri | 359[1] |
Bahasa | Rumania |
Kantor pusat | Dealul Mitropoliei, Bukares |
Daerah | Rumania Moldova |
Kepemilikan | Serbia Hungaria Western and Southern Europe; Germany, Central and Northern Europe; Americas; Australia and New Zealand |
Pendiri | (sebagai Metropolitan Rumania) Nifon Rusailă, Carol I (sebagai Patriarkat Rumania) Miron Cristea, Ferdinand I |
Kemerdekaan | 1865 |
Pengakuan | 25 April 1885 |
Pecahan | Old Calendarist Romanian Orthodox Church (1925) |
Umat | 16,367,267 di Rumania;[2] 720,000 di Moldova[3] 11,203 di Amerika Serikat[4] |
Situs web resmi | www.patriarhia.ro/ |
Gereja Ortodoks Rumania (Biserica Ortodoxă Română dalam bahasa Rumania) adalah gereja Ortodoks Timur di Rumania. Gereja ini berada dalam komuni (persekutuan) penuh dengan gereja-gereja Ortodoks Timur lainnya. Yurisdiksi gereja ini meliputi wilayah Rumania dan diaspora Rumania yang tinggal di luar negeri.
Mayoritas penduduk Rumania (18.817.975 atau 86.8% dari penduduk Rumania[5]) memeluk agama ini. 720.000 penduduk Moldova juga menganutnya.[3]
Teolog terkemuka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Dumitru Stăniloae (1903–1993) dianggap salah satu teolog Ortodoks terbesar pada abad ke-20, menulis secara luas di semua bidang utama sistematik teologi Kristen Timur. Salah satu prestasi utama dalam teologi adalah serial komprehensif 45 tahun mengenai spiritualitas Ortodoks yang dikenal sebagai Philokalia Rumania, sebuah koleksi naskah yang ditulis oleh penulis-penulis Bizantin klasik, yang diedit dan diterjemahkannya dari bahasa Yunani.
- Archimandrite Ilie Cleopa (1912–1998), penatua dari Sihǎstria Monastery, dianggap salah satu bapa yang paling mewakili spiritualitas monastik kontemprorer dalam Romanian Orthodox.[6]
Daftar Patriark
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Miron Cristea (1925–1939)
- Nicodim Munteanu (1939–1948)
- Justinian Marina (1948–1977)
- Iustin Moisescu (1977–1986)
- Teoctist Arăpaşu (1986–2007)
- Daniel (sejak 2007)
Pemimpin sekarang
[sunting | sunting sumber]Jabatan patriarkhal sekarang ini diduduki oleh Daniel Ciobotea (Daniel I), Archbishop Bucharest, Metropolitan Ungro-Vlachia (Muntenia atau Wallachia dan Dobrogea atau Dobruja) dan "Patriarch of All of the Romanian Orthodox Church", Locum Tenens of Caesarea di Cappadocia.
- Teofan Savu, Metropolitan Moldavia and Bukovina [1] Diarsipkan 2012-02-04 di Wayback Machine.
- Laurenţiu Streza, Metropolitan Transylvania, [2] Diarsipkan 2013-05-08 di Wayback Machine.
- Andrei Andreicuț, Metropolitan Cluj, Maramureş and Sǎlaj
- Nicolae Corneanu, Metropolitan Banat
- Irineu Popa, Metropolitan Oltenia
- Petru Păduraru, Metropolitan Bessarabia
- Iosif Pop, Archbishop of Paris and Metropolitan of France, Western and Southern Europe [3] Diarsipkan 2023-06-25 di Wayback Machine.
- Serafim Joantă, Metropolitan Jerman dan Eropa Tengah
- Nicolae Condrea, the Most Reverend Archbishop of Romanian Orthodox Archdiocese of America and Canada
Galeri
[sunting | sunting sumber]-
Orthodox church di Sârbi Josani, Romania
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Orthodox church di Prodromos (Mount Athos), Yunani
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Orthodox church di Curtea de Argeş, Romania
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Orthodox church di Vânători-Neamţ, Romania
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Orthodox church di Horezu, Romania
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Orthodox church di Cozia (Călimăneşti-Căciulata), Romania
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Neoclassic Byzantine Orthodox cathedral di St. Teodora de la Sihla Church, Chişinău, Moldova
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Palace of the Romanian Patriarchate (dulunya Palace of the Assembly of Deputies (Adunarea Deputaţilor))
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b c d e Reichel & Eder 2011, hlm. 25.
- ^ 2011 Romanian census.
- ^ a b (Rumania) "Biserica Ortodoxă Română, atacată de bisericile 'surori'" ("The Romanian Orthodox Church, Attacked by Its 'Sister' Churches" Diarsipkan 2008-02-01 di Wayback Machine., Ziua, 31 January 2008
- ^ Krindatch 2011, hlm. 143.
- ^ "2002 census data on religion" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2006-05-26. Diakses tanggal 2009-12-02.
- ^ Electronic version of Dicţionarul teologilor români (Dictionary of Romanian Theologians), Univers Enciclopedic Ed., Bucharest, 1996, retrieved from http://biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/I/IlieCleopa.html Diarsipkan 2011-09-16 di Wayback Machine..