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|[[Berkas:1978.citroen.2cv.750pix.jpg|ka|jmpl|250px|Van [[Citroën 2CV]] AK400 1978]]
|[[Berkas:1978.citroen.2cv.750pix.jpg|ka|jmpl|250px|Van [[Citroën 2CV]] AK400 1978]]
|-
|[[Berkas:2017 Volkswagen Crafter CR35 Trendline TD 2.0 Front.jpg|ka|jmpl|250px|Van [[Volkswagen Crafter]] 2017]]
|}
|}
'''Van''' adalah kendaraan yang digunakan untuk [[angkutan|mengangkut]] barang atau orang. Biasanya berbentuk kotak dengan empat roda, dan lebar serta panjangnya sama dengan [[mobil]], tetapi lebih tinggi badannya dan juga dibuat lebih tinggi dari tanah. Van ada kalanya dirancang khusus atau ada pula yang dimodifikasi dari mobil sedan, biasanya dengan bak terbuka. Ada berbagai bentuk dan ukuran van, dari versi van klasik dari [[Mini]] yang kecil ke varian lima meter dari van [[Mercedes Sprinter]]. Kendaraan yang lebih besar dari ini digolongkan sebagai truk.
'''Van''' adalah kendaraan yang digunakan untuk [[angkutan|mengangkut]] barang atau orang. Biasanya berbentuk kotak dengan empat roda, dan lebar serta panjangnya sama dengan [[mobil]], tetapi lebih tinggi badannya dan juga dibuat lebih tinggi dari tanah. Van adakalanya dirancang khusus atau ada pula yang dimodifikasi dari mobil sedan, biasanya dengan bak terbuka. Ada berbagai bentuk dan ukuran van, dari versi van klasik dari [[Mini]] yang kecil ke varian lima meter dari van [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]]. Kendaraan yang lebih besar dari ini digolongkan sebagai truk.


== Asal kata ==
== Asal kata ==
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[[Berkas:Ramvan.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Full size conversion van]]
[[Berkas:Ramvan.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Full size conversion van]]
[[Berkas:Fullsize-van-engine.JPG|right|250px|thumb|Full size van engine, with doghouse removed.]]
[[Berkas:Fullsize-van-engine.JPG|right|250px|thumb|Full size van engine, with doghouse removed.]]
In the United States, a ''van'' can also refer to a box-shaped trailer or [[semi-trailer]] used to carry goods. In this case there is a differentiation between a dry van, used to carry most goods, and a [[refrigeration|refrigerated]] van (a ''reefer'') used for cold goods. A railway car used to carry baggage is also called a ''van''.
In the United States, a ''van'' can also refer to a box-shaped trailer or [[semi-trailer]] used to carry goods. In this case there is a differentiation between a dry van, used to carry most goods, and a [[refrigeration|refrigerated]] van (a ''reefer'') used for cold goods. A railway car used to carry baggage is also called a ''van''.


The term ''van'' is also used to refer to a [[Minivan]]. However, minivans are usually distinguished by their smaller size (190 to 200 in long), [[unibody]] architecture, and [[front wheel drive]] [[powertrain]]s. Minivans have essentially replaced the large family station wagon, many luxury family sedans, and short wheelbased full-size vans that do not require extreme volume, towing, or passengers beyond 7. By comparison with full sized vans, they get good gas mileage, do not require overheight parking, have comfortable flexible seating accommodations such as folding middle or 3rd row seats, lowering windows on passenger doors on left and right side, and power hatch.
The term ''van'' is also used to refer to a [[Minivan]]. However, minivans are usually distinguished by their smaller size (190 to 200 in long), [[unibody]] architecture, and [[front wheel drive]] [[powertrain]]s. Minivans have essentially replaced the large family station wagon, many luxury family sedans, and short wheelbased full-size vans that do not require extreme volume, towing, or passengers beyond 7. By comparison with full sized vans, they get good gas mileage, do not require overheight parking, have comfortable flexible seating accommodations such as folding middle or 3rd row seats, lowering windows on passenger doors on left and right side, and power hatch.
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The first generation of American vans were the 1960s [[Compact van]]s which were patterned in size after the [[Volkswagen Type 2|Volkswagen Bus]]. The [[Corvair]] based entry even aped the rear mounted air cooled engine design. The [[Ford E-series|Ford Falcon]] had a flat nose with engine mounted between and behind the front seats. The [[Dodge A100]] had a similar layout using Dart components and could accommodate a V-8. Chevrolet also switched to this layout. The Ford, Dodge and Corvair vans were also produced as pickup trucks.
The first generation of American vans were the 1960s [[Compact van]]s which were patterned in size after the [[Volkswagen Type 2|Volkswagen Bus]]. The [[Corvair]] based entry even aped the rear mounted air cooled engine design. The [[Ford E-series|Ford Falcon]] had a flat nose with engine mounted between and behind the front seats. The [[Dodge A100]] had a similar layout using Dart components and could accommodate a V-8. Chevrolet also switched to this layout. The Ford, Dodge and Corvair vans were also produced as pickup trucks.


The ''standard'' or ''full size'' vans appeared with Ford's innovation of moving the engine forward under a short hood and using pickup truck components and taillights. The engine cockpit housing is often called a ''dog house''. Over time, they evolved longer noses and sleeker shapes. The [[Dodge Sportsman]] added a plug to the rear of a long wheelbase to create the 15 passenger van. They have been sold as both cargo and passenger models to the general public and as [[cutaway van chassis]] versions for [[second stage manufacturer]]s to make box vans, ambulances, campers and other vehicles. Second stage manufacturers also modify the original manufacturer's body to create [[custom van]]s for the general public.
The ''standard'' or ''full size'' vans appeared with Ford's innovation of moving the engine forward under a short hood and using pickup truck components and taillights. The engine cockpit housing is often called a ''dog house''. Over time, they evolved longer noses and sleeker shapes. The [[Dodge Sportsman]] added a plug to the rear of a long wheelbase to create the 15 passenger van. They have been sold as both cargo and passenger models to the general public and as [[cutaway van chassis]] versions for [[second stage manufacturer]]s to make box vans, ambulances, campers and other vehicles. Second stage manufacturers also modify the original manufacturer's body to create [[custom van]]s for the general public.


In the 1970s, songs like "[[Chevy Van]]" and nicknames like "sin bin" became part of the culture as owners transformed them into rolling bedrooms and lounges. Conversion vans became a large market with plusher accommodations than factory seats.
In the 1970s, songs like "[[Chevy Van]]" and nicknames like "sin bin" became part of the culture as owners transformed them into rolling bedrooms and lounges. Conversion vans became a large market with plusher accommodations than factory seats.


Dodge, now part of [[Daimler-Chrysler]] quit making their model in June of 2002 and replaced it with the [[Dodge Sprinter]], which is based on a narrower, more fuel efficient European design pattern with a 150 hp diesel turbo I5. Typical versions of the Sprinter are taller than other unmodified vans (tall enough to stand in), with a more slanted (aerodynamic) profile in front. They have been adopted primarily for delivery and lightweight Class-C van cab motorhome applications.
Dodge, now part of [[Daimler-Chrysler]] quit making their model in June of 2002 and replaced it with the [[Dodge Sprinter]], which is based on a narrower, more fuel efficient European design pattern with a 150 hp diesel turbo I5. Typical versions of the Sprinter are taller than other unmodified vans (tall enough to stand in), with a more slanted (aerodynamic) profile in front. They have been adopted primarily for delivery and lightweight Class-C van cab motorhome applications.
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For carrying smaller loads over shorter distances, some people use human-powered transportation, such as [[freight bicycle]]s with trailers.-->
For carrying smaller loads over shorter distances, some people use human-powered transportation, such as [[freight bicycle]]s with trailers.-->



=== Van menurut produsennya ===
=== Van menurut produsennya ===
'''[[Africar]]'''
* [[Africar Landio]]
* [[Africar Jockey]]

'''[[Bahman]]'''
* [[Bahman Pegasus]]

'''[[Chevrolet]]'''
'''[[Chevrolet]]'''
* [[Chevrolet Astro]]
* [[Chevrolet Astro]]
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* [[Chevrolet Sport Van]]
* [[Chevrolet Sport Van]]
* [[Suzuki Supercarry|Chevrolet Supercarry]]
* [[Suzuki Supercarry|Chevrolet Supercarry]]
* [[Chevrolet Tavera]]
* [[Chevrolet Uplander]]
* [[Chevrolet Uplander]]
* [[Chevrolet Venture|Chevrolet Venture/Pontiac Montana]]
* [[Chevrolet Venture|Chevrolet Venture/Pontiac Montana]]
* [[Chevrolet Zafira]]
* [[Chevrolet/Opel Zafira|Chevrolet Zafira]]
* [[Chevrolet Spin]]


'''[[Chrysler]]'''
'''[[Chrysler]]'''
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'''[[Daihatsu]]'''
'''[[Daihatsu]]'''
* [[Daihatsu Atrai]]
* [[Toyota Dyna|Daihatsu Delta]]
⚫
* [[Daihatsu Delta]]
* [[Daihatsu Hijet]]
* [[Daihatsu Hijet]]
* [[Daihatsu Gran max]]
* [[Daihatsu Gran Max]]
* [[Daihatsu Zebra Espass|Daihatsu Zebra]]

⚫
* [[Daihatsu Sigra]]
* [[Daihatsu Xenia]]
* [[Daihatsu Luxio]]


'''[[Dodge]]'''
'''[[Dodge]]'''
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* [[Gazelle (mobil)|Gazelle]]
* [[Gazelle (mobil)|Gazelle]]


'''[[GMC (truk)|GMC]]'''
'''[[GMC (otomotif)|GMC]]'''


* [[GMC Gaucho]]
* [[GMC Gaucho]]
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* [[Honda Acty]]
* [[Honda Acty]]
* [[Honda Elysion]]
* [[Honda Elysion]]
* [[Honda Freed]]
* [[Honda Life Step Van|Honda Life]]
* [[Honda Life Step Van|Honda Life]]
* [[Honda Mobilio]]
* [[Honda Mobilio]]
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* [[Hyundai Matrix]]
* [[Hyundai Matrix]]
* [[Hyundai Starex]]
* [[Hyundai Starex]]
* [[Hyundai Stargazer]]
* [[Hyundai Staria]]
* [[Hyundai Trajet]]
* [[Hyundai Trajet]]


'''[[Isuzu]]'''
'''[[Isuzu]]'''
* [[Isuzu Oasis]]
* [[Honda Odyssey|Isuzu Oasis]]
* [[Nissan Caravan|Isuzu Como]]
* [[Nissan Caravan|Isuzu Como]]
* [[Nissan Elgrand|Isuzu Filly]]
* [[Nissan Elgrand|Isuzu Filly]]
* [[Isuzu Panther]]
*[[Isuzu Traga]]
*[[Isuzu Elf]]


'''[[Iveco]]'''
'''[[Iveco]]'''
* [[Iveco Daily]]
* ,[[Iveco Daily]]


'''[[Kia]]'''
'''[[Kia]]'''
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* [[Mercedes-Benz Vaneo]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Vaneo]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Vario]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Vario]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Viano]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Kelas-V|Mercedes-Benz Viano]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz V-Class]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz Kelas-V]]
*[[Mercedes-Benz Kelas-V|Mercedes-Benz Vito]]


'''[[Mitsubishi]]'''
'''[[Mitsubishi]]'''
* [[Mitsubishi Kuda|Mitsubishi Adventure]]
* [[Mitsubishi Adventure]]
* [[Mitsubishi Delica/Delica Space Gear]]
* [[Mitsubishi Canter|Mitsubishi Fuso Canter]]
* [[Mitsubishi Kuda|Mitsubishi Freeca]]
* [[Mitsubishi Delica/Delica Space Gear|Mitsubishi Delica]]
* [[Mitsubishi Freeca]]
* [[Mitsubishi Grandis]]
* [[Mitsubishi Grandis]]
* [[Mitsubishi Kuda|Mitsubishi Jolie]]
* [[Mitsubishi Jolie]]
* [[Mitsubishi Kuda]]
* [[Mitsubishi Kuda]]
* [[Mitsubishi L300]]
* [[Mitsubishi L300]]
* [[Mitsubishi Maven]]
* [[Mitsubishi Maven]]
* [[Mitsubishi Minica]]
* [[Mitsubishi Minica]]
* [[Mitsubishi Ragasa]]
* [[Mitsubishi Rosa]]
* [[Mitsubishi Town Box]]
* [[Mitsubishi Town Box]]
* [[Mitsubishi Minicab]]
* [[Suzuki Carry|Mitsubishi Colt T120SS]]
* [[Mitsubishi Xpander]]


'''[[Nissan]]'''
'''[[Nissan]]'''
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* [[Nissan Silkroad]]
* [[Nissan Silkroad]]
* [[Nissan Vanette]]
* [[Nissan Vanette]]
* [[Nissan Evalia]]
* [[Nissan Livina]]


'''[[Opel]]'''
'''[[Opel]]'''
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* [[Renault Master]]
* [[Renault Master]]
* [[Renault Trafic]]
* [[Renault Trafic]]
* [[Renault Triber]]


'''[[SEAT]]'''
'''[[SEAT]]'''
* [[SEAT Alhambra]]
* [[SEAT Alhambra]]

'''[[Soueast]]'''
* [[Soueast Freeca]]


'''[[Subaru]]'''
'''[[Subaru]]'''
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* [[Suzuki Every]]
* [[Suzuki Every]]
* [[Suzuki Futura]]
* [[Suzuki Futura]]
* [[Suzuki Supercarry]]
* [[Suzuki Invicto]]
* [[Suzuki APV|Suzuki Supercarry]]
* [[Suzuki Ertiga]]


'''[[Toyota]]'''
'''[[Toyota]]'''
⚫
* [[Toyota Alphard]]
* [[Toyota Avanza]]
* [[Toyota Avanza]]
* [[Toyota Calya]]
* [[Toyota Calya]]
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* [[Toyota Granvia]]
* [[Toyota Granvia]]
* [[Toyota Hiace]]
* [[Toyota Hiace]]
⚫
* [[Toyota Innova]]
* [[Toyota Ipsum]]
* [[Toyota Ipsum]]
* [[Toyota Isis]]
* [[Toyota Isis]]
* [[Toyota Kijang]]
* [[Toyota Kijang]]
* [[Toyota Kijang Innova]]
* [[Toyota Liteace]]
* [[Toyota Liteace]]
* [[Toyota Master Ace Surf/Van Wagon]]
* [[Toyota Master Ace Surf/Van Wagon]]
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* [[Beford Rascal|Vauxhall Rascal]]
* [[Beford Rascal|Vauxhall Rascal]]
* [[Vauxhall Vivaro]]
* [[Vauxhall Vivaro]]
* [[Vauxhall Zafira]]
* [[Chevrolet/Opel Zafira|Vauxhall Zafira]]


'''[[Volkswagen]]'''
'''[[Volkswagen]]'''
* [[Volkswagen Caddy]]
* [[Volkswagen Caddy]]
* [[Volkswagen Type 2|Volkswagen Kombi]]
*[[Volkswagen Type 2 (T1) (Jendela Terbelah)|Volkswagen Dakota]]
*[[Volkswagen I.D. Buzz]]
* [[Volkswagen Type 2 (T2)|Volkswagen Kombi]]
*[[Volkswagen Type 2 (T3)|Volkswagen Vanagon]]
* [[Volkswagen Sharan]]
* [[Volkswagen Sharan]]
* [[Volkswagen LT|Volkswagen Crafter/LT]]
* [[Volkswagen LT|Volkswagen Crafter/LT]]
* [[Volkswagen Transporter|Volkswagen Transporter/Eurovan/Vanagon]]
* [[Volkswagen Transporter|Volkswagen Transporter/Eurovan/Vanagon]]
'''[[Wuling Motors|Wuling]]'''

* [[Wuling Confero|Wuling Formo]]
* [[Wuling Confero]]
* [[Wuling Cortez]]
⚫
[[Kategori:Mobil]]


<!--===Alternative propulsion===
<!--===Alternative propulsion===
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*[[Campervan]]
*[[Campervan]]
*[[Conversion van]]-->
*[[Conversion van]]-->

⚫
[[Kategori:Mobil]]

Revisi terkini sejak 27 Maret 2024 09.36

Van Morris Oxford
Van Citroën 2CV AK400 1978
Van Volkswagen Crafter 2017

Van adalah kendaraan yang digunakan untuk mengangkut barang atau orang. Biasanya berbentuk kotak dengan empat roda, dan lebar serta panjangnya sama dengan mobil, tetapi lebih tinggi badannya dan juga dibuat lebih tinggi dari tanah. Van adakalanya dirancang khusus atau ada pula yang dimodifikasi dari mobil sedan, biasanya dengan bak terbuka. Ada berbagai bentuk dan ukuran van, dari versi van klasik dari Mini yang kecil ke varian lima meter dari van Mercedes-Benz Sprinter. Kendaraan yang lebih besar dari ini digolongkan sebagai truk.

Asal kata[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kata van adalah singkatan dari kata karavan, yang aslinya berarti kendaraan bertutup.

Britania Raya[sunting | sunting sumber]

Di kalangan masyarakat yang berbahasa Inggris, van yang digunakan untuk mengangkut orang biasanya disebut MPV (multi-purpose vehicle), dan van penumpang yang lebih besar disebut minibus. Ford membuat van dengan moncong yang pendek dan panjang badannya yang berbeda-beda.


Van menurut produsennya[sunting | sunting sumber]

Africar

Bahman

Chevrolet

Chrysler

Citroën

Daihatsu

Dodge

Fiat

Ford

FSC

  • Żuk A 03, A 05, A 14, A 09, A 11, A 15, A 07, A 18, R, M, A 151 C, A 16 B
  • Lublin van

FSO

  • Nysa N57, N58, N59, N60, N61, N63, 501, 503, 521/522

GAZ

GMC

Hino

Honda

Hyundai

Isuzu

Iveco

Kia

Mazda

Mercedes-Benz

Mitsubishi

Nissan

Opel

Peugeot

Plymouth

Renault

SEAT

Soueast

Subaru

Suzuki

Toyota

Vauxhall

Volkswagen

Wuling


Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=Van&oldid=25481674"