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Revisi terkini sejak 18 Mei 2024 15.11

Taqiyyah (bahasa Arab: تقیة, har. 'takut') adalah sebuah istilah agama Islam yang merujuk kepada seseorang memperlihatkan berbeda dengan apa yang ada dalam hatinya dalam beragama. Tuntunan dari Taqqiyah adalah Al Quran Surat Ali Imran ayat 28.^[1]

Praktek tersebut dilakukan dalam Syiah saat para penganutnya diijinkan untuk menyembunyikan agama mereka saat berada di bawah penganiayaan atau tekanan.^[2]^[3] Di atas taqiyah inilah agama Syi'ah tegak berdiri, yaitu ditegakkan atas dasar kebohongan di atas kebohongan. Taqiyah adalah sifat dan syiar agama Syi'ah. Mereka mengatakan, "Taqiyah adalah agama kita."^[4] Namun, praktik tersebut juga diperbolehkan dalam Islam Sunni dalam ketentuan tertentu.^[5]^[6]

Taqiyyah awalnya dipraktikkan oleh beberapa Sahabat Nabi.^[7] Kemudian, praktik tersebut menjadi penting bagi Syiah karena pengalaman mereka sebagai minoritas keagamaan yang dianiaya.^[3]^[8] Menurut doktrin Syiah, taqiyyah diperbolehkan baik dalam keadaan berbahaya yang mengancam nyawa atau harta benda maupun tidak dalam keadaan bahaya.^[3] Taqiyyah juga disahkan secara politik, terutama Syiah Dua Belas Imam, dalam rangka mengutamakan persatuan kaum Muslim dan keselamatan para ulama Syiah.^[9]^[10]

Yarden Mariuma menyatakan: "Taqiyyah adalah sebuah istilah yudisial Islam yang mengalihkan pengartian terkait dimana seorang Muslim diperbolehkan, di bawah hukum Syariah, untuk berbohong. Sebuah konsep yang pengartiannya beragam di antara sekte-sekte, cendekiawan-cendekiawan, negara-negara, dan rezim-rezim politik Islam, selain menjadi salah satu istilah penting yang digunakan oleh para pakar polemik anti-Muslim saat ini."^[11]

Dasar dalam Al Quran

Arti teknis dari kata taqiyya berdasar pada Al Quran Surat Ali Imran ayat 28:

28. Janganlah orang-orang beriman menjadikan orang kafir sebagai pemimpin, melainkan orang-orang beriman. Barang siapa berbuat demikian, niscaya dia tidak akan memperoleh apa pun dari Allah, kecuali karena (siasat) menjaga diri dari sesuatu yang kamu takuti dari mereka. Dan Allah memperingatkan kamu akan diri (siksa)-Nya, dan hanya kepada Allah tempat kembali.
(illā an tattaqū minhum tuqāt).^[12]

Kata kata tattaqū ("kamu takut") dan tuqāt ("dalam ketakutan") berdasar dari kata taqiya.

Referensi

^ https://tafsirweb.com/1160-surat-ali-imran-ayat-28.html
^ John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). "Taqiyah". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ((Perlu berlangganan (help)). Precautionary denial of religious belief in the face of potential persecution. Stressed by Shii Muslims, who have been subject to periodic persecution by the Sunni majority.
^ ^a ^b ^c Momen, Moojan (1985). An Introduction to Shi'i Islam. Yale University Press. hlm. 183. ISBN 978-0-300-03531-5. Religious dissimulation (Taqiyya) [...] while maintaining mental reservation is considered lawful in Shi'ism in situations where there is overwhelming danger of loss of life or property and where no danger to religioun would occur thereby. [...] Living as a minority among a frequently-hostile Sunni majority, the condition of most Shi'is until the rise of the Safavid dynasty, made such a doctrine important to Shi'is
^ Jawas, Yazid bin Abdul Qodir (Zulhijjah 1441 / Juli 2020). MULIA DENGAN MANHAJ SALAF. Bogor: Pustaka At-Taqwa. hlm. 540. ISBN 9789791661133.
^ Abdul-Raof, Hussein (2013). Schools of Qur'anic Exegesis: Genesis and Development. Routledge. hlm. 75. ISBN 9781135240967.
^ R. STROTHMANN, MOKTAR DJEBLI. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "TAKIYYA", vol. 10, p. 134. Quote: "TAKIYYA "prudence, fear" [...] denotes dispensing with the ordinances of religion in cases of constraint and when there is a possibility of harm.".
^ "Takiyya". Encyclopedia of Islam. Edition II. Brill. 10: 134–5. 2000.
^ R. Strothmann-[Moktar Djebli]. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "Taḳiyya", Vol. 10, p. 135. Quote: "Taḳiyya is above all of special significance for the Shī'a [...] The peculiar fate of the Shī'a, that of a suppressed minority with occasional open but not always unheroic rebellions, gave them even more than the Khāridjites occasions and examples for extreme taḳiyya and its very opposite"
^ Maréchal, Brigitte; Zemni, Sami, ed. (29 May 2013). The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships: Doctrine, Transnationalism, Intellectuals and the Media. Hurst Publishers. hlm. 76. ISBN 9781849042178.
^ Gerhard Böwering; Patricia Crone; Mahan Mirza (2013). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought (edisi ke-illustrated). Princeton University Press. hlm. 136. ISBN 9780691134840.
^ Mariuma, Yarden. "Taqiyya as Polemic, Law and Knowledge: Following an Islamic Legal Term through the Worlds of Islamic Scholars, Ethnographers, Polemicists and Military Men." The Muslim World 104.1-2 (2014): 89-108.
^ Quran Surah Aal-i-Imraan ( Verse 28 )

Bacaan tambahan

Bar-Asher, Me'ir Mikha'el (1999). Scripture and Exegesis in Early Imami Shiism. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-11495-5
Cook, Michael (2003). Early Muslim Dogma: A Source-Critical Study. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-54572-2
Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42974-9
Goldziher, I., Das Prinzip der takijja im Islam, ZMLG 60 (1906), 213–226.[1]
Emadi, Hafizullah (1998). The end of taqiyya: reaffirming the religious identity of Ismailis in Shughnan, Badakhshan – political implications for Afghanistan. Middle Eastern Studies. 34(3): 103–120.
Emadi, Hafizullah (2000). Praxis of taqiyya: perseverance of Pashaye Ismaili enclave, Nangarhar, Afghanistan. Central Asian Survey. 19(2): 253–264.
Firro, Kais (1999). The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-11251-0
Gleave, Robert (2000). Inevitable Doubt. Two Theories of Shi'i Jurisprudence. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-11595-1
Kohlberg, Etan (July–September 1975). "Some Imāmī-Shīʿī Views on Taqiyya". Journal of the American Oriental Society. American Oriental Society. 95 (3): 395–402. JSTOR 599351.
Misri, Ahmad ibn Naqib al- (1997). The Reliance of the Traveler, translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller, Amana Publications.
Makarem, Sami (2004). Al-Taqiyya Fi Al-Islam (Dissimulation in Islam), Druze Heritage Foundation. ISBN 978-1-904850-02-1 (in Arabic)

Pranala luar

"al-Taqiyya/Dissimulation" (Part I, Part II, Part III), A Shi'ite Encyclopedia

[1] ttps://tafsirweb.com/1160-surat-ali-imran-ayat-28.html

[ODI-2] John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). "Taqiyah". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ((Perlu berlangganan (help)). Precautionary denial of religious belief in the face of potential persecution. Stressed by Shii Muslims, who have been subject to periodic persecution by the Sunni majority.

[Momen183-3] Momen, Moojan (1985). An Introduction to Shi'i Islam. Yale University Press. hlm. 183. ISBN 978-0-300-03531-5. Religious dissimulation (Taqiyya) [...] while maintaining mental reservation is considered lawful in Shi'ism in situations where there is overwhelming danger of loss of life or property and where no danger to religioun would occur thereby. [...] Living as a minority among a frequently-hostile Sunni majority, the condition of most Shi'is until the rise of the Safavid dynasty, made such a doctrine important to Shi'is

[:0-4] Jawas, Yazid bin Abdul Qodir (Zulhijjah 1441 / Juli 2020). MULIA DENGAN MANHAJ SALAF. Bogor: Pustaka At-Taqwa. hlm. 540. ISBN 9789791661133.

[5] Abdul-Raof, Hussein (2013). Schools of Qur'anic Exegesis: Genesis and Development. Routledge. hlm. 75. ISBN 9781135240967.

[EI2-6] R. STROTHMANN, MOKTAR DJEBLI. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "TAKIYYA", vol. 10, p. 134. Quote: "TAKIYYA "prudence, fear" [...] denotes dispensing with the ordinances of religion in cases of constraint and when there is a possibility of harm.".

[7] "Takiyya". Encyclopedia of Islam. Edition II. Brill. 10: 134–5. 2000.

[8] R. Strothmann-[Moktar Djebli]. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "Taḳiyya", Vol. 10, p. 135. Quote: "Taḳiyya is above all of special significance for the Shī'a [...] The peculiar fate of the Shī'a, that of a suppressed minority with occasional open but not always unheroic rebellions, gave them even more than the Khāridjites occasions and examples for extreme taḳiyya and its very opposite"

[9] Maréchal, Brigitte; Zemni, Sami, ed. (29 May 2013). The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships: Doctrine, Transnationalism, Intellectuals and the Media. Hurst Publishers. hlm. 76. ISBN 9781849042178.

[10] Gerhard Böwering; Patricia Crone; Mahan Mirza (2013). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought (edisi ke-illustrated). Princeton University Press. hlm. 136. ISBN 9780691134840.

[11] Mariuma, Yarden. "Taqiyya as Polemic, Law and Knowledge: Following an Islamic Legal Term through the Worlds of Islamic Scholars, Ethnographers, Polemicists and Military Men." The Muslim World 104.1-2 (2014): 89-108.

[12] Quran Surah Aal-i-Imraan ( Verse 28 )

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
 {{Redirect|Taqiyah|topi yang dikenakan untuk keperluan agama|Taqiyah (topi)}}
-{{Islam}}
+{{Syiah}}
+{{Ushul fiqih|ahkam}}
-'''''Taqiyyah''''' ({{lang-ar|تقیة}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|taqiyyah}}/{{transl|ar|ALA|taqīyah}}'', artinya "takut")<ref name=EI2>R. STROTHMANN, MOKTAR DJEBLI. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "TAKIYYA", vol. 10, p. 134. Quote: "TAKIYYA "prudence, fear" [...] denotes dispensing with the ordinances of religion in cases of constraint and when there is a possibility of harm.".</ref><ref name="Stewart">{{cite journal |last1=Stewart |first1=Devin |title=Dissimulation in Sunni Islam and Morisco ''Taqiyya'' |journal=Al-Qanṭara |date=8 January 2014 |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=439–490 |doi=10.3989/alqantara.2013.016 |url=http://al-qantara.revistas.csic.es/index.php/al-qantara/article/viewFile/310/300}}</ref> adalah sebuah istilah [[Islam]] yang merujuk kepada praktik dan kepercayaan penyangkalan atau pembantahan keagamaan dalam menghadapi penganiayaan.<ref name=ODI>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Taqiyah |editor=John L. Esposito |encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2014 |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-2338 |subscription=yes |quote=Precautionary denial of religious belief in the face of potential persecution. Stressed by Shii Muslims, who have been subject to periodic persecution by the Sunni majority.}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Taqīyah |author=Paul E. Walker |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2009 |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0784 |subscription=yes |quote=Taqīyah is the precautionary dissimulation of religious belief and practice in the face of persecution.}}</ref><ref name=EI2/><ref name=StewartNYUEssay>{{Cite web |title=Islam in Spain after the Reconquista |url=http://docslide.us/documents/islam-in-spain-afta-the-reconquista.html |first=Devin |last=Stewart |work=Teaching Materials |publisher=The Hagop Kevorkian Center for Near Eastern Studies at [[New York University]] |accessdate=30 September 2015}}</ref> Istilah lainnya untuk istilah terserbut, ''kitmān'' (artinya "bertindak menutup-nutupi, menyangkal") memiliki pengartian yang lebih spesifik untuk penyangkalan dengan cara diam.<ref name=EI2-syn/><ref name="Virani47"/>
+'''Taqiyyah''' ({{lang-ar|تقیة|lit=takut}}) adalah sebuah istilah agama Islam yang merujuk kepada seseorang memperlihatkan berbeda dengan apa yang ada dalam hatinya dalam beragama. Tuntunan dari Taqqiyah adalah Al Quran Surat Ali Imran ayat 28.<ref>https://tafsirweb.com/1160-surat-ali-imran-ayat-28.html</ref>
-Prakter tersebut dilakukan dalam [[Syiah]] saat para penganutnya diijinkan untuk menyembunyikan agama mereka saat berada di bawah [[penganiayaan Islam Syiah|penganiayaan]] atau tekanan.<ref name=ODI/><ref name=Momen183/> Namun, praktek tersebut juga diperbolehkan dalam Islam [[Sunni]] dalam ketentuan tertent.<ref>{{cite book |last=Abdul-Raof |first=Hussein |title=Schools of Qur'anic Exegesis: Genesis and Development |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |location= |isbn=9781135240967 |page=75}}</ref><ref name=STROT/>
+Praktek tersebut dilakukan dalam [[Syiah]] saat para penganutnya diijinkan untuk menyembunyikan agama mereka saat berada di bawah [[penganiayaan Islam Syiah|penganiayaan]] atau tekanan.<ref name="ODI">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Taqiyah|editor=John L. Esposito|encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2014|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-2338|subscription=yes|quote=Precautionary denial of religious belief in the face of potential persecution. Stressed by Shii Muslims, who have been subject to periodic persecution by the Sunni majority.}}</ref><ref name=Momen183/> Di atas [[Taqiyyah|taqiyah]] inilah agama Syi'ah tegak berdiri, yaitu ditegakkan atas dasar kebohongan di atas kebohongan. Taqiyah adalah sifat dan syiar agama Syi'ah. Mereka mengatakan, "Taqiyah adalah agama kita."<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Jawas|first=Yazid bin Abdul Qodir|date=Zulhijjah 1441 / Juli 2020|title=MULIA DENGAN MANHAJ SALAF|location=Bogor|publisher=Pustaka At-Taqwa|isbn=9789791661133|pages=540|url-status=live}}</ref> Namun, praktik tersebut juga diperbolehkan dalam Islam [[Sunni]] dalam ketentuan tertentu.<ref>{{cite book |last=Abdul-Raof |first=Hussein |title=Schools of Qur'anic Exegesis: Genesis and Development |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |location= |isbn=9781135240967 |page=75}}</ref><ref name="EI2">R. STROTHMANN, MOKTAR DJEBLI. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "TAKIYYA", vol. 10, p. 134. Quote: "TAKIYYA "prudence, fear" [...] denotes dispensing with the ordinances of religion in cases of constraint and when there is a possibility of harm.".</ref>
-Taqiyyah awalnya dipraktekkan oleh beberapa [[Sahabat Nabi]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Takiyya |journal=Encyclopedia of Islam |year=2000 |volume=10 |pages=134–5 |series=Edition II |publisher=Brill}}</ref> Kemudian, praktek tersebut menjadi penting bagi Syiah karena pengalaman mereka sebagai minoritas keagamaan yang dianiaya.<ref name=Momen183>{{cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam |year=1985 |publisher=Yale University Press |page=183 |isbn=978-0-300-03531-5 |quote=Religious dissimulation (Taqiyya) [...] while maintaining mental reservation is considered lawful in Shi'ism in situations where there is overwhelming danger of loss of life or property and where no danger to religioun would occur thereby. [...] Living as a minority among a frequently-hostile Sunni majority, the condition of most Shi'is until the rise of the Safavid dynasty, made such a doctrine important to Shi'is}}</ref><ref>R. Strothmann-[Moktar Djebli]. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "Taḳiyya", Vol. 10, p. 135. Quote: "Taḳiyya is above all of special significance for the Shī'a [...] The peculiar fate of the Shī'a, that of a suppressed minority with occasional open but not always unheroic rebellions, gave them even more than the Khāridjites occasions and examples for extreme taḳiyya and its very opposite"</ref> Menurut doktrin Syiah, taqiyyah diperbolehkan baik dalam keadaan berbahaya yang mengancam nyawa atau harta benda maupun tidak dalam keadaan bahaya.<ref name=Momen183/> Taqiyyah juga disahkan secara politik, terutama [[Syiah Dua Belas Imam]], dalam rangka mengutamakan persatuan kaum Muslim dan keselamatan para ulama Syiah.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Maréchal|editor1-first=Brigitte|editor2-last=Zemni|editor2-first=Sami |title=The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships: Doctrine, Transnationalism, Intellectuals and the Media |date=29 May 2013 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=9781849042178 |page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Gerhard Böwering |author2=Patricia Crone |author3=Mahan Mirza |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691134840 |page=136 |edition=illustrated}}</ref>
+Taqiyyah awalnya dipraktikkan oleh beberapa [[Sahabat Nabi]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Takiyya |journal=Encyclopedia of Islam |year=2000 |volume=10 |pages=134–5 |series=Edition II |publisher=Brill}}</ref> Kemudian, praktik tersebut menjadi penting bagi Syiah karena pengalaman mereka sebagai minoritas keagamaan yang dianiaya.<ref name=Momen183>{{cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7 |year=1985 |publisher=Yale University Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7/page/183 183] |isbn=978-0-300-03531-5 |quote=Religious dissimulation (Taqiyya) [...] while maintaining mental reservation is considered lawful in Shi'ism in situations where there is overwhelming danger of loss of life or property and where no danger to religioun would occur thereby. [...] Living as a minority among a frequently-hostile Sunni majority, the condition of most Shi'is until the rise of the Safavid dynasty, made such a doctrine important to Shi'is}}</ref><ref>R. Strothmann-[Moktar Djebli]. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "Taḳiyya", Vol. 10, p. 135. Quote: "Taḳiyya is above all of special significance for the Shī'a [...] The peculiar fate of the Shī'a, that of a suppressed minority with occasional open but not always unheroic rebellions, gave them even more than the Khāridjites occasions and examples for extreme taḳiyya and its very opposite"</ref> Menurut doktrin Syiah, taqiyyah diperbolehkan baik dalam keadaan berbahaya yang mengancam nyawa atau harta benda maupun tidak dalam keadaan bahaya.<ref name=Momen183/> Taqiyyah juga disahkan secara politik, terutama [[Syiah Dua Belas Imam]], dalam rangka mengutamakan persatuan kaum Muslim dan keselamatan para ulama Syiah.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Maréchal|editor1-first=Brigitte|editor2-last=Zemni|editor2-first=Sami |title=The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships: Doctrine, Transnationalism, Intellectuals and the Media |date=29 May 2013 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=9781849042178 |page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Gerhard Böwering |author2=Patricia Crone |author3=Mahan Mirza |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought |url=https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691134840 |page=[https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse/page/136 136] |edition=illustrated}}</ref>
 Yarden Mariuma menyatakan: "Taqiyyah adalah sebuah istilah yudisial Islam yang mengalihkan pengartian terkait dimana seorang Muslim diperbolehkan, di bawah hukum [[Syariah]], untuk berbohong. Sebuah konsep yang pengartiannya beragam di antara sekte-sekte, cendekiawan-cendekiawan, negara-negara, dan rezim-rezim politik Islam, selain menjadi salah satu istilah penting yang digunakan oleh para pakar polemik anti-Muslim saat ini."<ref>Mariuma, Yarden. "Taqiyya as Polemic, Law and Knowledge: Following an Islamic Legal Term through the Worlds of Islamic Scholars, Ethnographers, Polemicists and Military Men." The Muslim World 104.1-2 (2014): 89-108.</ref>
+==Dasar dalam Al Quran==
+Arti teknis dari kata ''taqiyya'' berdasar pada [[Al Quran]] [[Surat Ali Imran]] ayat 28:
+{{blockquote|
+. Janganlah orang-orang beriman menjadikan orang kafir sebagai pemimpin, melainkan orang-orang beriman. Barang siapa berbuat demikian, niscaya dia tidak akan memperoleh apa pun dari Allah, kecuali karena (siasat) menjaga diri dari sesuatu yang kamu takuti dari mereka. Dan Allah memperingatkan kamu akan diri (siksa)-Nya, dan hanya kepada Allah tempat kembali.
+(''illā an '''tattaqū''' minhum '''tuqāt''''').<ref>[http://irebd.com/quran/english/surah-3/verse-28/ Quran Surah Aal-i-Imraan ( Verse 28 )]</ref>}}
+Kata kata ''tattaqū'' ("kamu takut") dan ''tuqāt'' ("dalam ketakutan") berdasar dari kata ''taqiya''.
 == Referensi ==
@@ Baris 16: / Baris 24: @@
 * Cook, Michael (2003). ''Early Muslim Dogma: A Source-Critical Study''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-54572-2
 * Daftary, Farhad (1992). ''The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42974-9
-* Goldziher, I., ''Das Prinzip der takijja im Islam'', ZMLG 60 (1906), 213&ndash;226.[http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/dmg/periodical/titleinfo/63682]
+* Goldziher, I., ''Das Prinzip der takijja im Islam'', ZMLG 60 (1906), 213–226.[http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/dmg/periodical/titleinfo/63682]
 * [[Hafizullah Emadi|Emadi, Hafizullah]] (1998). The end of taqiyya: reaffirming the religious identity of Ismailis in Shughnan, Badakhshan – political implications for Afghanistan. ''Middle Eastern Studies''. '''34'''(3): 103–120.
 * [[Hafizullah Emadi|Emadi, Hafizullah]] (2000). Praxis of ''taqiyya'': perseverance of Pashaye Ismaili enclave, Nangarhar, Afghanistan. ''Central Asian Survey''. '''19'''(2): 253–264.
@@ Baris 28: / Baris 36: @@
 {{Wikiquote}}
 * "al-Taqiyya/Dissimulation" ([http://www.al-islam.org/encyclopedia/chapter6b/1.html Part I], [http://www.al-islam.org/encyclopedia/chapter6b/2.html Part II], [http://www.al-islam.org/encyclopedia/chapter6b/3.html Part III]), [http://www.al-islam.org/encyclopedia/ ''A Shi'ite Encyclopedia'']
+{{Authority control}}
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+[[Kategori:Kata dan frasa Arab]]
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-[[Kategori:Teologi Ismaili]]
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