Panas ekstrem Haji 2024: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan |
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(6 revisi perantara oleh pengguna yang sama tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 7: | Baris 7: | ||
| time = |
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| timezone = |
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| date = |
| date = 14–19 Juni 2024 |
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| location = [[Makkah]], [[Arab Saudi]] |
| location = [[Makkah]], [[Arab Saudi]] |
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| cause = Dipengaruhi oleh panas ekstrem (penyebab kematian beragam) |
| cause = Dipengaruhi oleh panas ekstrem (penyebab kematian beragam) |
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| participants = 1,8 juta jamaah |
| participants = 1,8 juta jamaah |
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| outcome = Kematian di kalangan jamaah haji dari berbagai negara |
| outcome = Kematian di kalangan jamaah haji dari berbagai negara |
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| reported deaths = 1. |
| reported deaths = 1.301 |
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| reported injuries = 2.764 |
| reported injuries = 2.764 |
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| notes = Suhu terpanas yang dilaporkan di Makkah: 51,8°C (125,2°F) |
| notes = Suhu terpanas yang dilaporkan di Makkah: 51,8°C (125,2°F) |
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Antara tanggal 14–19 Juni 2024, 1. |
Antara tanggal 14–19 Juni 2024, 1.301 jamaah [[Haji]] di [[Makkah]] meninggal dunia yang dipengaruhi oleh panas ekstrem, dengan suhu melebihi 50 derajat Celcius, menjadikannya salah satu haji paling mematikan hingga saat ini.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-24 |title=Hajj 2024 Was The Deadliest In The History |url=https://theislamicinformation.com/news/hajj-2024-deadliest-in-the-history/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=More than 550 hajj pilgrims die in Mecca as temperatures exceed 50C {{!}} Hajj {{!}} The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/18/hundreds-of-hajj-pilgrims-die-in-mecca-from-heat-related-illness |access-date=18 June 2024 |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619164428/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/18/hundreds-of-hajj-pilgrims-die-in-mecca-from-heat-related-illness |url-status=live |last1=France-Presse |first1=Agence }}</ref> Suhu terpanas yang tercatat di [[Masjidilharam|Masjidil Haram]] Makkah adalah 51,8°C (125,2°F).<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2024-06-19 |title=At least 550 hajj pilgrims die in scorching temperatures |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-06-19/at-least-550-hajj-pilgrims-die-due-to-heat-in-mecca/103995270 |access-date=2024-06-19 |work=ABC News |language=en-AU}}</ref> Setidaknya 2.764 kasus penyakit terkait panas dilaporkan selama 16 Juni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-18 |title=Saudi Arabia: Over 2,700 cases of heat exhaustion, sunstroke recorded during Haj - Alwast News |url=https://enews.alwast.net/arabnews/haj-2024-over-2700-cases-of |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=enews.alwast.net |language=en}}</ref> Hanya satu dari kematian yang dikonfirmasi yang dilaporkan bukan karena penyakit yang berhubungan dengan panas, melainkan meninggal karena luka fatal yang diderita saat terjadi [[Penghimpitan dan keambrukan kerumunan|kerumunan]] kecil.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-18 |title=More than 300 Egyptians die from heat during Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, diplomats say - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/saudi-arabia-hajj-egyptian-jordanian-pilgrims-die-mecca/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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== Latar belakang == |
== Latar belakang == |
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Baris 25: | Baris 25: | ||
== Korban == |
== Korban == |
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Menteri Kesehatan Arab Saudi mengatakan setidaknya 1.301 orang meninggal selama ibadah haji.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=23 June 2024|access-date=23 June 2024|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/saudi-arabia/2024/06/23/saudi-health-minister-says-1-301-died-during-hajj|title=Saudi health minister says 1,301 people died during Hajj|work=Al Arabiya}}</ref><ref name="wsj-deaths">{{cite news |last1=Kalin |first1=Stephen |last2=Said |first2=Summer |last3=al-Batati |first3=Saleh |last4=Farouk |first4=Menna |title=Scorching Heat Ravages Hajj as More Than 1,170 Pilgrims Die |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/scorching-heat-ravages-hajj-as-more-than-1-000-pilgrims-die-d175a311 |access-date=21 June 2024 |work=The Wall Street Journal |publisher=Dow Jones & Company |date=21 June 2024 |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622132439/https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/scorching-heat-ravages-hajj-as-more-than-1-000-pilgrims-die-d175a311 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dari korban meninggal, sedikitnya 600 orang merupakan jamaah haji asal [[Mesir]]. Diplomat [[Yordania]] menyatakan bahwa 60 warga Yordania juga meninggal karena panas ekstrem.<ref name=":1" /> Kementerian luar negeri [[Tunisia]] melaporkan bahwa sedikitnya 35 jamaah haji Tunisia tewas akibat “peningkatan suhu yang tajam”. Pemerintah [[Indonesia]] melaporkan 144 kematian warganya, namun tidak merincikan apakah karena serangan panas.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Magid|first=Pesha and Saleh Salem|date=19 June 2024|title=Hundreds die of extreme heat on Muslim pilgrimage, reports say|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/soaring-temperatures-scorch-pilgrims-haj-saudi-arabia-2024-06-18/|work=Reuters|language=en}}</ref> Tiga belas jamaah haji dari [[Daerah Kurdistan]] di [[Irak]] dilaporkan tewas, dengan panas yang diklaim sebagai "salah satu alasan utamanya". Lima jamaah haji wanita dari [[Kashmir]] meninggal karena serangan panas di [[Arafah|Gunung Arafah]] dan di [[Muzdalifah]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-18 |title=Five Kashmiri Women Die Of Heat Stroke During Hajj |url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2024/06/18/five-kashmiri-women-die-of-heat-stroke-during-hajj/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Kashmir Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Peziarah lain dari [[Iran]] dan [[Senegal]] juga dilaporkan tewas.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 June 2024 |title=Jordan, Tunisia report additional hajj heat deaths |url=https://www.newarab.com/news/jordan-tunisia-report-additional-hajj-heat-deaths |access-date=19 June 2024 |work=The New Arab}}</ref> |
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Seorang diplomat Mesir menyatakan bahwa sejumlah besar jamaah menunaikan haji tanpa registrasi karena mereka tidak mampu membayar prosedur resmi, dan hal ini dapat memperburuk jumlah korban dan cedera di Mesir secara umum yang disebabkan oleh panas yang ekstrem. Alasannya adalah karena mereka tidak bisa mengakses fasilitas ber-AC atau tempat makan dan minum resmi, sehingga menyebabkan [[dehidrasi]] berkepanjangan, terpapar, dan rentan terhadap panas ekstrem. Diplomat tersebut juga menyatakan bahwa gelombang besar jamaah haji yang tidak terdaftar kemungkinan besar telah membanjiri fasilitas yang ada, menyebabkan kekacauan dalam distribusi makanan, air, dan layanan medis.<ref name=":0" /> |
Seorang diplomat Mesir menyatakan bahwa sejumlah besar jamaah menunaikan haji tanpa registrasi karena mereka tidak mampu membayar prosedur resmi, dan hal ini dapat memperburuk jumlah korban dan cedera di Mesir secara umum yang disebabkan oleh panas yang ekstrem. Alasannya adalah karena mereka tidak bisa mengakses fasilitas ber-AC atau tempat makan dan minum resmi, sehingga menyebabkan [[dehidrasi]] berkepanjangan, terpapar, dan rentan terhadap panas ekstrem. Diplomat tersebut juga menyatakan bahwa gelombang besar jamaah haji yang tidak terdaftar kemungkinan besar telah membanjiri fasilitas yang ada, menyebabkan kekacauan dalam distribusi makanan, air, dan layanan medis.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Seorang jamaah melaporkan melihat para peziarah tergeletak di pinggir jalan tak bergerak, dan mencatat bahwa ambulans “tidak tahu ke mana harus berbelok”.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-17 |title=Hajj pilgrimage ends amid deadly Saudi heat spike |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240617-hajj-pilgrimage-ends-amid-deadly-saudi-heat-spike |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619034919/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240617-hajj-pilgrimage-ends-amid-deadly-saudi-heat-spike |archive-date=19 June 2024 |access-date=2024-06-21 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> |
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Pada 19 Juni, jumlah korban tewas meningkat menjadi 922 orang, termasuk 600 warga Mesir.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2024/06/loved-ones-search-missing-hajj-death-toll-passes-900#:~:text=Friends%20and%20family%20searched%20for,scorching%20heat%2C%20surged%20past%20900.|title=Loved ones search for missing as hajj death toll passes 900|work=Al Monitor|date=19 June 2024|access-date=19 June 2024|archive-date=19 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619164416/https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2024/06/loved-ones-search-missing-hajj-death-toll-passes-900#:~:text=Friends%20and%20family%20searched%20for,scorching%20heat%2C%20surged%20past%20900.|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{ |
|<ref>{{cite journal |access-date=2024-06-22 |author=الحدث الساخن |date=20 June 2024 |journal=YouTube |title=وفاة 22 حاج جزائري في مكة المكرمة من بين الالاف الحجاج المتوفين...اسماء الوفيات شاهدو الفيديو |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8y5T3m-m-s |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622132532/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8y5T3m-m-s |url-status=live }}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2024 |title=Australian dies while undertaking Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, DFAT confirms |url=https://www.news.com.au/travel/australian-dies-while-undertaking-hajj-pilgrimage-in-saudi-arabia-dfat-confirms/news-story/8f208188949dfe955ed0ce831d10b816 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=News.com.au |language=en }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title= 35 Bangladeshi pilgrims die during Hajj : Report |url= https://en.somoynews.tv/news/2024-06-22/KVWLtEGM.html |access-date=22 June 2024 |website= SomoyNewsTv |language=en-us |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621154226/https://www.daily-sun.com/post/753782.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date= |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2024 |title=Egyptian Hajj death toll rises to 672 amid intense heat |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/06/23/world/egyptian-haj-death-toll/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=The JAPAN Times|language=en }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |last=à 16h47 |first=Par Le Parisien Le 21 juin 2024 |date=2024-06-21 |title=Pèlerins décédés pendant le hajj : deux Français figurent parmi les victimes en Arabie saoudite |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/pelerins-decedes-pendant-le-hajj-deux-francais-figurent-parmi-les-victimes-en-arabie-saoudite-21-06-2024-2VM3KFCLJFDP7O7S66TMFDBLTQ.php |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=leparisien.fr |language=fr-FR}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Hajj pilgrim deaths surge past 1,000 as Saudi Arabia faces extreme temperatures|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/hajj-pilgrim-deaths-saudi-arabia-b2565768.html |website=Independent |language=en |archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Hundreds of Hajj pilgrims reported dead amid lethal heatwave |url=https://www.euronews.com/2024/06/19/hundreds-of-hajj-pilgrims-reported-dead-in-lethal-summer-heat |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=euronews |language=en |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619165511/https://www.euronews.com/2024/06/19/hundreds-of-hajj-pilgrims-reported-dead-in-lethal-summer-heat |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mediaguinee |date=2024-06-21 |title=Pèlerins décédés pendant le hajj 2024 : 4 Guinéens parmi les victimes ! |url=https://mediaguinee.com/2024/06/pelerins-decedes-pendant-le-hajj-2024-4-guineens-parmi-les-victimes/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=Mediaguinee.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite |
|<ref name="bbc">{{Cite news |date=21 June 2024 |title=What's behind deaths at this year's Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ggj0809dqo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621165255/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ggj0809dqo |archive-date=21 June 2024 |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=[[BBC News]] |language=en}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{cite journal |access-date=22 June 2024 |author=Pikiran Rakyat |date=21 June 2024 |journal=YouTube |title=1.081 Jemaah Haji 2024 Meninggal Dunia, dari Indonesia Capai Angka 213 Jiwa |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vV4PXej_js |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621143801/https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=kQm4BTssQN7yOTo-&v=_vV4PXej_js&feature=youtu.be |url-status=live }}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jamil |first=Fasfah S. |date=2024-06-24 |title=[Update Haji 2024] Jemaah Haji Indonesia yang Wafat di Tanah Suci Capai 234 Orang |url=https://ikhbar.com/berita/update-haji-2024-jemaah-haji-indonesia-yang-wafat-di-tanah-suci-capai-234-orang/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=Mengabarkan Kebaikan |language=id}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=Death Toll From Iranian Pilgrims at Hajj Rises to 11 |url=https://www.iranintl.com/en/202406183688 |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=Iran International |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618122805/https://www.iranintl.com/en/202406183688 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-22 |title=تعداد زائران ایرانی فوتشده در عربستان به ۱۷ نفر افزایش یافت |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/articles/cm554ee4307o |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=BBC News فارسی |language=fa}}</ref> |
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⚫ | |<ref>[https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/35467-Over-1,000-pilgrims-die-during-Hajj;-19-are-from-Kurdistan-Region#:~:text=However%2C%20the%20Kurdistan%20Regional%20Government,during%20this%20year's%20Hajj%20season. Over 1,000 pilgrims die during Hajj; 19 are from Kurdistan Region] ''Kurdistan 24 (K24) 20 June 2024''</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite news |last= |
|<ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=24 June 2024 |title=Number of Jordanians who die of heat exhaustion during Hajj reaches 99 |url=https://jordantimes.com/news/local/%E2%80%98number-jordanians-who-die-heat-exhaustion-during-hajj-reaches-99%E2%80%99 |access-date=24June 2024 |work=The Jordan TImes |language=en|issn= |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Libyan Pilgrim Death Toll Rises to 6 |url=https://libyareview.com/45243/libyan-pilgrim-death-toll-rises-to-6/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=libyareview |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618124021/https://libyareview.com/45243/libyan-pilgrim-death-toll-rises-to-6/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alwasat.ly/news/libya/442703|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621202910/https://alwasat.ly/news/libya/442703|url-status=dead|title=البعثة الليبية: وفاة 8 حجاج و5 حالات في العناية المركزة|archivedate=21 June 2024}}</ref> |
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|{{Flag|Malaysia}}{{efn|Dilaporkan bahwa mayoritas meninggal karena kondisi kronis. Belum diketahui apakah panas mempengaruhi kematian mereka.}} |
|{{Flag|Malaysia}}{{efn|name=chronic|Dilaporkan bahwa mayoritas meninggal karena kondisi kronis. Belum diketahui apakah panas mempengaruhi kematian mereka.}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Six Malaysians pilgrims died after wukuf |url=https://www.sinardaily.my/article/218990/focus/national/six-malaysians-pilgrims-died-after-wukuf |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=Sinar Daily |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620024759/https://www.sinardaily.my/article/218990/focus/national/six-malaysians-pilgrims-died-after-wukuf }}</ref> |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Six Malaysians pilgrims died after wukuf |url=https://www.sinardaily.my/article/218990/focus/national/six-malaysians-pilgrims-died-after-wukuf |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=Sinar Daily |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620024759/https://www.sinardaily.my/article/218990/focus/national/six-malaysians-pilgrims-died-after-wukuf }}</ref> |
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|{{Flag|Maroko}}{{efn|Dilaporkan bahwa mayoritas meninggal karena kondisi kronis. Belum diketahui apakah panas mempengaruhi kematian mereka.}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title= |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Latest Update: More than 900 pilgrims die in heat wave, including 17 Moroccans; search for missing persons underway |url=https://fesnews.media/282953/2024/06/19/ |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=Iran International |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622132457/https://fesnews.media/282953/2024/06/19/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Nederlander omgekomen bij jaarlijkse bedevaart naar Mekka |trans-title=Dutchwoman died during annual pilgrimage to Mecca |url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2525246-nederlander-omgekomen-bij-jaarlijkse-bedevaart-naar-mekka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.is/3jznB |archive-date=19 June 2024 |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=[[Nederlandse Omroep Stichting|NOS]] |language=nl}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/2024-hajj-15-nigerian-pilgrims-die-17-suffer-heatstroke-in-saudi-arabia/|title=2024 Hajj: 15 Nigerian pilgrims die, 17 suffer heatstroke in Saudi Arabia|work=Guardian Nigeria|date=20 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=Hajj 2024: Nigerian pilgrim dies of excessive heat in Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.thecable.ng/hajj-2024-nigerian-pilgrim-dies-of-excessive-heat-in-saudi-arabia/amp/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=The Cable |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618183815/https://www.thecable.ng/hajj-2024-nigerian-pilgrim-dies-of-excessive-heat-in-saudi-arabia/amp/ }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title= |
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/2024-hajj-15-nigerian-pilgrims-die-17-suffer-heatstroke-in-saudi-arabia/|title=2024 Hajj: 15 Nigerian pilgrims die, 17 suffer heatstroke in Saudi Arabia|work=Guardian Nigeria|date=20 June 2024|access-date=20 June 2024|archive-date=22 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622132456/https://guardian.ng/2024-hajj-15-nigerian-pilgrims-die-17-suffer-heatstroke-in-saudi-arabia/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=Hajj 2024: Nigerian pilgrim dies of excessive heat in Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.thecable.ng/hajj-2024-nigerian-pilgrim-dies-of-excessive-heat-in-saudi-arabia/amp/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=The Cable |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618183815/https://www.thecable.ng/hajj-2024-nigerian-pilgrim-dies-of-excessive-heat-in-saudi-arabia/amp/ }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Hajj pilgrim deaths surge past 1,000 as Saudi Arabia faces extreme temperatures|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/hajj-pilgrim-deaths-saudi-arabia-b2565768.html |website=Independent |language=en |archive-date=}}</ref> |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Hajj pilgrim deaths surge past 1,000 as Saudi Arabia faces extreme temperatures |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/hajj-pilgrim-deaths-saudi-arabia-b2565768.html |website=Independent |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |access-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622132454/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/hajj-deaths-2024-pilgrims-mecca-saudi-arabia-b2566404.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Filipina hajj pilgrim among over 1,000 dead from heat stroke|url=https://manilastandard.net/news/314462664/filipina-hajj-pilgrim-among-over-1000-dead-from-heat-stroke.html |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=Manila Standard |language=en }}</ref> |
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⚫ | |<ref>[https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/35467-Over-1,000-pilgrims-die-during-Hajj;-19-are-from-Kurdistan-Region#:~:text=However%2C%20the%20Kurdistan%20Regional%20Government,during%20this%20year's%20Hajj%20season. Over 1,000 pilgrims die during Hajj; 19 are from Kurdistan Region] ''Kurdistan 24 (K24) 20 June 2024''</ref> |
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|{{Flag|Rusia}}{{efn|Lima kematian warga Rusia terjadi "karena penyebab alami yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan dan usia". Tidak diketahui apakah panas mempunyai peranan.}} |
|{{Flag|Rusia}}{{efn|Lima kematian warga Rusia terjadi "karena penyebab alami yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan dan usia". Tidak diketahui apakah panas mempunyai peranan.}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=A Deadly Toll as an Intense Heat Grips Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/19/world/europe/hajj-deaths-mecca-heat.html#:~:text=Three%20pilgrims%20from%20Senegal%20also,citing%20a%20cause%20of%20death. |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=The New York Times |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619152842/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/19/world/europe/hajj-deaths-mecca-heat.html#:~:text=Three%20pilgrims%20from%20Senegal%20also,citing%20a%20cause%20of%20death. }}</ref> |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=A Deadly Toll as an Intense Heat Grips Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/19/world/europe/hajj-deaths-mecca-heat.html#:~:text=Three%20pilgrims%20from%20Senegal%20also,citing%20a%20cause%20of%20death. |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=The New York Times |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619152842/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/19/world/europe/hajj-deaths-mecca-heat.html#:~:text=Three%20pilgrims%20from%20Senegal%20also,citing%20a%20cause%20of%20death. }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title= |
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Somali Government Announces Six Pilgrims Died During Hajj Amid Extreme Heat |url=https://mustaqbalmedia.net/en/somali-government-announces-six-pilgrims-died-during-hajj-amid-extreme-heat/|website=Mustaqbal Media |language=en }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=21-06-2024 |title=سوريا تعلن وفاة 5 من مواطنيها ضمن حجاج هذا العام |url=https://www.elbalad.news/6236830 |access-date=24-06-2024}}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Three citizens of Tajikistan die during Hajj in Saudi Arabia |url=https://akipress.com/news:780797:Three_citizens_of_Tajikistan_die_during_Hajj_in_Saudi_Arabia/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=akipress.com}}</ref> |
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|49 |
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|<ref>{{Cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=21 June 2024 |title=Tunisia sacks religious affairs minister amid Hajj casualties |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/north-africa/2024/06/21/tunisia-sacks-religious-affairs-minister-amid-hajj-casualties |access-date=19 June 2024 |work=Al arabiya |language=en |issn= |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621173406/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/north-africa/2024/06/21/tunisia-sacks-religious-affairs-minister-amid-hajj-casualties |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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⚫ | |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Mekke'de aşırı sıcaklarda 1000'i aşkın hacı adayı hayatını kaybetti |url=https://tr.euronews.com/2024/06/19/mekkede-asiri-sicaklardan-577-haci-adayi-hayatini-kaybetti |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=Euronews |language=tr |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620014843/https://tr.euronews.com/2024/06/19/mekkede-asiri-sicaklardan-577-haci-adayi-hayatini-kaybetti |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/hajj-heat-deaths-mecca-saudi-arabia-pilgrimage-9f97aae1032b14ada29bbea7108195d3|title=Over 1,000 pilgrims died during this year's Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, officials say|work=Associated Press|date=June 23, 2024}}</ref> |
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Revisi per 25 Juni 2024 01.31
Tanggal | 14–19 Juni 2024 |
---|---|
Lokasi | Makkah, Arab Saudi |
Penyebab | Dipengaruhi oleh panas ekstrem (penyebab kematian beragam) |
Peserta/Pihak terlibat | 1,8 juta jamaah |
Hasil | Kematian di kalangan jamaah haji dari berbagai negara |
Tewas | 1.301 |
Cedera | 2.764 |
Suhu terpanas yang dilaporkan di Makkah: 51,8°C (125,2°F) |
Antara tanggal 14–19 Juni 2024, 1.301 jamaah Haji di Makkah meninggal dunia yang dipengaruhi oleh panas ekstrem, dengan suhu melebihi 50 derajat Celcius, menjadikannya salah satu haji paling mematikan hingga saat ini.[1][2] Suhu terpanas yang tercatat di Masjidil Haram Makkah adalah 51,8°C (125,2°F).[3] Setidaknya 2.764 kasus penyakit terkait panas dilaporkan selama 16 Juni.[4] Hanya satu dari kematian yang dikonfirmasi yang dilaporkan bukan karena penyakit yang berhubungan dengan panas, melainkan meninggal karena luka fatal yang diderita saat terjadi kerumunan kecil.[5]
Latar belakang
Haji merupakan rangkaian ibadah di Makkah, Arab Saudi yang dilakukan Muslim setidaknya sekali seumur hidup. Ibadah tahunan ini dimulai pada tanggal 7 dan berakhir pada tanggal 12 Dzulhijjah.[6] Dilaksanakan di negara yang berada di Timur Tengah, cuaca di Arab Saudi sangat tinggi dan dapat meningkat pada bulan-bulan tertentu. Ketika waktu haji jatuh pada bulan Juli dan Agustus, suhu dapat mencapai rata-rata tertinggi 54°C. Ini dapat menyebabkan serangan panas, terutama bagi jamaah yang berasal dari negara yang bersuhu lebih rendah. Masih kurangnya perlindungan di luar ruangan dan tindakan pencegahan lainnya adalah alasan utama tingginya jumlah kasus sengatan panas dan kelelahan akibat panas di kalangan jamaah haji.[7] Ditambah, semakin meningkatnya jumlah jamaah haji setiap tahunnya menjadi tantangan yang lain.[8]
Pada haji 2024, sebelumnya pemerintah Arab Saudi telah memperkirakan akan ada peningkatan suhu dari normal. Diperkirakan jamaah akan mengalami suhu tinggi rata-rata 44°C dan dapat meningkat di siang hari. Juru bicara Kementerian Kesehatan Arab Saudi menyatakan suhu dapat “menimbulkan ancaman bagi kesehatan para jamaah”.[9] Sebagai upaya penanggulangan, alun-alun utama yang ada di Makkah dan Madinah telah dilengkapi dengan sistem kabut dan stasiun air portabel. Selain itu, pemerintah Saudi berjanji akan memberi alat pendingin di lantai Masjidil Haram dan tenda-tenda di sekitarnya.[10]
Korban
Menteri Kesehatan Arab Saudi mengatakan setidaknya 1.301 orang meninggal selama ibadah haji.[11][12] Dari korban meninggal, sedikitnya 600 orang merupakan jamaah haji asal Mesir. Diplomat Yordania menyatakan bahwa 60 warga Yordania juga meninggal karena panas ekstrem.[5] Kementerian luar negeri Tunisia melaporkan bahwa sedikitnya 35 jamaah haji Tunisia tewas akibat “peningkatan suhu yang tajam”. Pemerintah Indonesia melaporkan 144 kematian warganya, namun tidak merincikan apakah karena serangan panas.[13] Tiga belas jamaah haji dari Daerah Kurdistan di Irak dilaporkan tewas, dengan panas yang diklaim sebagai "salah satu alasan utamanya". Lima jamaah haji wanita dari Kashmir meninggal karena serangan panas di Gunung Arafah dan di Muzdalifah.[14] Peziarah lain dari Iran dan Senegal juga dilaporkan tewas.[15]
Seorang diplomat Mesir menyatakan bahwa sejumlah besar jamaah menunaikan haji tanpa registrasi karena mereka tidak mampu membayar prosedur resmi, dan hal ini dapat memperburuk jumlah korban dan cedera di Mesir secara umum yang disebabkan oleh panas yang ekstrem. Alasannya adalah karena mereka tidak bisa mengakses fasilitas ber-AC atau tempat makan dan minum resmi, sehingga menyebabkan dehidrasi berkepanjangan, terpapar, dan rentan terhadap panas ekstrem. Diplomat tersebut juga menyatakan bahwa gelombang besar jamaah haji yang tidak terdaftar kemungkinan besar telah membanjiri fasilitas yang ada, menyebabkan kekacauan dalam distribusi makanan, air, dan layanan medis.[3]
Seorang jamaah melaporkan melihat para peziarah tergeletak di pinggir jalan tak bergerak, dan mencatat bahwa ambulans “tidak tahu ke mana harus berbelok”.[16]
Negara | Kematian | Ref |
---|---|---|
![]() |
22 | [17] |
![]() |
1 | [18] |
![]() |
35 | [19] |
![]() |
672 | [20] |
![]() |
2 | [21] |
![]() |
4 | [22] |
![]() |
98 | [23] |
![]() |
234 | [24][25] |
![]() |
37 | [26][27] |
![]() |
19 | [28] |
![]() |
99 | [29] |
![]() |
8 | [30][31] |
![]() |
14 | [32] |
![]() |
20 | [33] |
![]() |
1 | [34] |
![]() |
14[c] | [35][36] |
![]() |
58 | [37] |
![]() |
1 | [38] |
![]() |
5 | [39][40] |
![]() |
3 | [41] |
![]() |
6 | [42] |
![]() |
5 | [43] |
![]() |
3 | [44] |
![]() |
49 | [45] |
![]() |
23 | [46] |
![]() |
2 | [47] |
Catatan
- ^ Beberapa WNI dipastikan meninggal akibat kepanasan. Namun ratusan lainnya meninggal karena kondisi kronis dan panas merupakan "faktor penyebabnya".
- ^ a b Dilaporkan bahwa mayoritas meninggal karena kondisi kronis. Belum diketahui apakah panas mempengaruhi kematian mereka.
- ^ Sebanyak 15 warga Nigeria meninggal selama ibadah haji. Satu orang bunuh diri, jadi tidak termasuk di sana. Hanya satu yang dipastikan meninggal langsung karena panas. Penyebab kematian lainnya tidak diketahui.
- ^ Lima kematian warga Rusia terjadi "karena penyebab alami yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan dan usia". Tidak diketahui apakah panas mempunyai peranan.
Referensi
- ^ "Hajj 2024 Was The Deadliest In The History" (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-24. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-24.
- ^ France-Presse, Agence. "More than 550 hajj pilgrims die in Mecca as temperatures exceed 50C | Hajj | The Guardian". The Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2024.
- ^ a b "At least 550 hajj pilgrims die in scorching temperatures". ABC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-19. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-19.
- ^ "Saudi Arabia: Over 2,700 cases of heat exhaustion, sunstroke recorded during Haj - Alwast News". enews.alwast.net (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-18. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-19.
- ^ a b "More than 300 Egyptians die from heat during Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, diplomats say - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-18. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-19.
- ^ "Hajj". Britannica.com.
- ^ Ghaznawi, Hassan I. and Mohammad A. Ibrahim (1987). "Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion in Pilgrims Performing the Haj (Annual Pilgrimage) in Saudi Arabia". Annals of Saudi Medicine.
- ^ Memish, Ziad A., Majid M. Alshamrani, Rana F. Kattan, Esam I. Azhar, Faissal M. Farahat, Ali M. Albarrak, et all. (2024). "Reducing risks from respiratory pathogens at the 2024 Hajj". The Lancet.
- ^ Obeid, Ghinwa (11 Juni 2024). "Hajj 2024: High temperatures challenge pilgrims, tips for a safe journey". English Al Arabiya.
- ^ Holleis, Jennifer and Anke Rasper (13 Juni 2024). "Haji 2024: Arab Saudi Bersiap Hadapi Panas Ekstrem". DW Indonesia.
- ^ "Saudi health minister says 1,301 people died during Hajj". Al Arabiya. 23 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 23 June 2024.
- ^ Kalin, Stephen; Said, Summer; al-Batati, Saleh; Farouk, Menna (21 June 2024). "Scorching Heat Ravages Hajj as More Than 1,170 Pilgrims Die". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 21 June 2024.
- ^ Magid, Pesha and Saleh Salem (19 June 2024). "Hundreds die of extreme heat on Muslim pilgrimage, reports say". Reuters (dalam bahasa Inggris).
- ^ "Five Kashmiri Women Die Of Heat Stroke During Hajj". Kashmir Observer (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-18. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-19.
- ^ "Jordan, Tunisia report additional hajj heat deaths". The New Arab. 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Hajj pilgrimage ends amid deadly Saudi heat spike". France 24 (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2024-06-17. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-21.
- ^ الحدث الساخن (20 June 2024). "وفاة 22 حاج جزائري في مكة المكرمة من بين الالاف الحجاج المتوفين...اسماء الوفيات شاهدو الفيديو". YouTube. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-22.
- ^ "Australian dies while undertaking Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, DFAT confirms". News.com.au (dalam bahasa Inggris). 21 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 24 June 2024.
- ^ "35 Bangladeshi pilgrims die during Hajj : Report". SomoyNewsTv (dalam bahasa Inggris). 22 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Egyptian Hajj death toll rises to 672 amid intense heat". The JAPAN Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 24 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ à 16h47, Par Le Parisien Le 21 juin 2024 (2024-06-21). "Pèlerins décédés pendant le hajj : deux Français figurent parmi les victimes en Arabie saoudite". leparisien.fr (dalam bahasa Prancis). Diakses tanggal 2024-06-23.
- ^ Mediaguinee (2024-06-21). "Pèlerins décédés pendant le hajj 2024 : 4 Guinéens parmi les victimes !". Mediaguinee.com (dalam bahasa Prancis). Diakses tanggal 2024-06-24.
- ^ "What's behind deaths at this year's Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia?". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 21 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 21 June 2024.
- ^ Pikiran Rakyat (21 June 2024). "1.081 Jemaah Haji 2024 Meninggal Dunia, dari Indonesia Capai Angka 213 Jiwa". YouTube. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2024.
- ^ Jamil, Fasfah S. (2024-06-24). "[Update Haji 2024] Jemaah Haji Indonesia yang Wafat di Tanah Suci Capai 234 Orang". Mengabarkan Kebaikan. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-24.
- ^ "Death Toll From Iranian Pilgrims at Hajj Rises to 11". Iran International (dalam bahasa Inggris). 18 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "تعداد زائران ایرانی فوتشده در عربستان به ۱۷ نفر افزایش یافت". BBC News فارسی (dalam bahasa Persia). 2024-06-22. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-22.
- ^ Over 1,000 pilgrims die during Hajj; 19 are from Kurdistan Region Kurdistan 24 (K24) 20 June 2024
- ^ "Number of Jordanians who die of heat exhaustion during Hajj reaches 99". The Jordan TImes (dalam bahasa Inggris). 24 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 24June 2024.
- ^ "Libyan Pilgrim Death Toll Rises to 6". libyareview (dalam bahasa Inggris). 20 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ "البعثة الليبية: وفاة 8 حجاج و5 حالات في العناية المركزة". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2024.
- ^ "Six Malaysians pilgrims died after wukuf". Sinar Daily (dalam bahasa Inggris). 20 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Latest Update: More than 900 pilgrims die in heat wave, including 17 Moroccans; search for missing persons underway". Iran International (dalam bahasa Inggris). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Nederlander omgekomen bij jaarlijkse bedevaart naar Mekka" [Dutchwoman died during annual pilgrimage to Mecca]. NOS (dalam bahasa Belanda). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "2024 Hajj: 15 Nigerian pilgrims die, 17 suffer heatstroke in Saudi Arabia". Guardian Nigeria. 20 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Hajj 2024: Nigerian pilgrim dies of excessive heat in Saudi Arabia". The Cable (dalam bahasa Inggris). 18 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Hajj pilgrim deaths surge past 1,000 as Saudi Arabia faces extreme temperatures". Independent (dalam bahasa Inggris). 20 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Filipina hajj pilgrim among over 1,000 dead from heat stroke". Manila Standard (dalam bahasa Inggris). 22 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Four Russian pilgrims die in Saudi Arabia during Hajj". TASS (dalam bahasa Inggris). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Over 1,000 pilgrims die during Hajj in Saudi Arabia — news agency". TASS (dalam bahasa Inggris). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2024.
- ^ "A Deadly Toll as an Intense Heat Grips Saudi Arabia". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Somali Government Announces Six Pilgrims Died During Hajj Amid Extreme Heat". Mustaqbal Media (dalam bahasa Inggris). 19 June 2024.
- ^ "سوريا تعلن وفاة 5 من مواطنيها ضمن حجاج هذا العام". 21-06-2024. Diakses tanggal 24-06-2024.
- ^ "Three citizens of Tajikistan die during Hajj in Saudi Arabia". akipress.com. Diakses tanggal 2024-06-24.
- ^ "Tunisia sacks religious affairs minister amid Hajj casualties". Al arabiya (dalam bahasa Inggris). 21 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Mekke'de aşırı sıcaklarda 1000'i aşkın hacı adayı hayatını kaybetti". Euronews (dalam bahasa Turki). 19 June 2024. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 June 2024. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Over 1,000 pilgrims died during this year's Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, officials say". Associated Press. June 23, 2024.