Suku Hoa: Perbedaan antara revisi

Hoa
	Nama Tionghoa
Hanzi tradisional:	越南華僑
Hanzi sederhana:	越南华侨
Alih aksara
	Mandarin
- Hanyu Pinyin:	Yuènán huáqiao
	Min Nan
- Romanisasi POJ:	O̍at-lâm Hôa-kiâu
	Yue (Kantonis)
- Jyutping:	jyut naam waa kiu
	Nama Vietnam
Vietnam:	người Hoa; người Hán
Chữ nôm:	𠊛華; 𠊛漢

Orang Hoa
華人 atau 𠊛華
Hoa
	Bagian dalam Đình Minh Hương Gia Thạnh (明鄉嘉盛會館 "Balai Majelis dinasti Ming"), sebuah kuil yang didirikan pada 1789 oleh kelompok Tionghoa.
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Bahasa
	Vietnam • bahasa Tionghoa (Kanton; Teochew • Hakka • Hokkien • Mandarin)
Agama
	Buddha Mahayana • Shenisme (Konghucu, Tao); Minoritas: Katolik Roma • Protestan
Kelompok etnik terkait
	Suku San Diu • Suku Ngái

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Revisi per 15 Maret 2016 22.02

Hoa (orang Tionghoa) merujuk kepada sebuah kelompok minoritas yang tinggal di Vietnam yang terdiri dari orang-orang yang dianggap beretnis Tionghoa ("Tionghoa perantauan"). Mereka sering disebut sebagai Tionghoa Vietnam,^[1] Sino-Vietnam, atau etnis Tionghoa di/dari Vietnam oleh warga Vietnam pada umumnya, Vietnam perantauan atau etnis Tionghoa lainnya. Klasifikasi pemerintah Vietnam terhadap Hoa mengecualikan dua kelompok suku pemakai bahasa Tionghoa lainnya, suku San Diu dan suku Ngái. Hoa merupakan salah satu kelompok Tionghoa perantauan dan salah satu komunitas Tionghoa perantauan terbesar di Asia Tenggara.

Lihat pula

Referensi

^ Lam, Lawrence, From being uprooted to surviving: resettlement of Vietnamese-Chinese "boat-people" in Montreal, 1980–1990, Toronto, Ontario: Centre for Refugee Studies, University of York, ISBN 978-1-55014-296-9

Daftar pustaka

Inggris

Amer, Ramses (1996). Vietnam's Policies and Ethnic Chinese since 1975, Sojourn, Vol. 11, Issue 1: 76-104.
Andaya, Barbara Watson (2006). The flaming womb: repositioning women in early modern Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. hlm. 146. ISBN 0-8248-2955-7. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2010.
Bob Baulch; Truong Thi Kim Chuyen; Dominique Haughton; Jonathan Haughton (May 2002). "Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam –A Socioeconomic Perspective" (PDF). WPS 2836. The World Bank–Development Research Group. Diakses tanggal 13 December 2012.
Chen, King C. (1987). China's War With Vietnam, 1979: Issues, Decisions, and Implications. Hoover Press. ISBN 0817985727. Diakses tanggal 8 May 2012.
Cœdès, George. (1966). The Making of South East Asia (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05061-4. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana; Anderson, James, ed. (2011). The Tongking Gulf Through History (edisi ke-illustrated). University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0812243366. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004). Water Frontier: Commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0742530833. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2012.
Cœdès, George (1968). The Indianized States of South-East Asia (edisi ke-3). University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 082480368X. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
The New Encyclopædia Britannica. 8. 2003. ISBN 0-85229-961-3. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2010.
Contributor: Far-Eastern Prehistory Association Asian Perspectives, Volume 28, Issue 1. (1990) University Press of Hawaii. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
Gernet, Jacques (1996). A History of Chinese Civilization (edisi ke-2, illustrated, revised, reprint). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521497817.
Hall, Kenneth R., ed. (2008). Secondary Cities and Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, C. 1400-1800. Volume 1 of Comparative urban studies. Lexington Books. ISBN 0-7391-2835-3. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
Hall, Kenneth R. (2010). A History of Early Southeast Asia: Maritime Trade and Societal Development, 100–1500 (edisi ke-illustrated). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 0742567621. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Gibney, Matthew J; Hansen, Randall (2005-06-30). Immigration and Asylum: From 1900 to the Present. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1576077969. Diakses tanggal 26 April 2012.
Heng, Derek (2009). Sino-Malay Trade and Diplomacy from the Tenth Through the Fourteenth Century. Ohio University Press. ISBN 0-89680-271-X. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2010.
"Journal of Southeast Asian studies". 37 (1). 2006. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Khánh, Trâǹ (1993). The Ethnic Chinese and Economic Development in Vietnam. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Diakses tanggal 26 April 2012.
Lai, H. Mark (2004). On Becoming Chinese American: A History of Communities and Institutions. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 0759104581.
Diana Lary, ed. (2007). The Chinese State at the Borders (edisi ke-illustrated). UBC Press. ISBN 0774813334. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Li, Tana (1998). Cornell University. Southeast Asia Program, ed. Nguyễn Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Volume 23 of Studies on Southeast Asia (edisi ke-illustrated). SEAP Publications. ISBN 0877277222. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Logan, William Stewart (2000). Hanoi: Biography of a City. UNSW Press. ISBN 0868404438. Diakses tanggal 13 December 2012.
MacKerras, Colin (2003). Ethnicity in Asia. Routledge-Curzon. ISBN 0415258170. Diakses tanggal 26 April 2012.
Marr, David G.; White, Christine Pelzer (1988). Postwar Vietnam: Dilemmas in Socialist Development–Issue 3 of Southeast Asia Program Series. SEAP Publications. ISBN 0877271208. Diakses tanggal 6 May 2012.
Marr, David G. (2010). Vietnamese, Chinese, and Overseas Chinese during the Chinese Occupation of Northern Indochina (1945-1946), Chinese Southern Diaspora Studies, Vol. 4: 129-139.
Stratton, Eric (2002). Evolution Of Indian Stupa Architecture In East Asia (edisi ke-illustrated). Vedams eBooks (P) Ltd. ISBN 8179360067. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Suryadinata, Leo (1997-09-15). Ethnic Chinese As Southeast Asians. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0312175760. Diakses tanggal 21 October 2012.
Taylor, K. W. (2013). A History of the Vietnamese (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-87586-2. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
Taylor, Keith Weller. (1983). The Birth of Vietnam (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-07417-3. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
Taylor, Keith Weller; Whitmore, John K., ed. (1995). Essays Into Vietnamese Pasts. SEAP Publications. ISBN 0877277184. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2013.
Taylor, Philip (2007). Cham Muslims of the Mekong Delta: place and mobility in the cosmopolitan periphery. NUS Press. ISBN 9971-69-361-5. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2011.
Tetsudosho (1917). An Official Guide to Eastern Asia: East Indies, Vol. 5. Imperial Japanese Government Railways.
Tong, Chee Kiong (2010). Identity and Ethnic Relations in Southeast Asia: Racializing Chineseness. Springer. ISBN 904818908X. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2012.
Tsai, Shih-Shan Henry (1996). The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan) (edisi ke-illustrated). SUNY Press. ISBN 0791426874. Diakses tanggal 5 January 2013.
Ungar, E. S. (1988). The Struggle Over the Chinese Community in Vietnam, 1946-1986, Pacific Affairs, Vol. 60, Issue 4: 596-614.
Wade, Geoff (2005), Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu: an open access resource, Asia Research Institute and the Singapore E-Press, National University of Singapore, diakses tanggal 6 November 2012
West, Barbara A. (2010-05-19). Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. Infobase Publishing. Diakses tanggal 26 April 2012.
Wicks, Robert S. (1992). Money, markets, and trade in early Southeast Asia: the development of indigenous monetary systems to AD 1400. SEAP Publications. hlm. 215. ISBN 0-87727-710-9. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2010.

Tionghoa

Huang, Lan Xiang (黃蘭翔); 本院台灣史研究所副研究員 (December 2004). "華人聚落在越南的深植與變遷：以會安為例" (PDF). Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academica Sinica. Diakses tanggal 10 February 2014.
Lee, Qingxin (李庆新) (2010-11-30). "越南明香与明乡社" (PDF). 广东省社会科学院历史研究所广东广州 510610. Diakses tanggal 27 June 2012.

Vietnam

Nguyen, Xuan Tinh; et al. (2007). Thông báo văn hoá dân gian 2006. Vietnam: Nhà xuá̂t bản Khoa học xa̋ hội. Diakses tanggal 13 December 2010.

Referensi

Pranala luar

Departemen Urusan Tionghoa Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) (Tionghoa) (Inggris)
Album foto

[1] Lam, Lawrence, From being uprooted to surviving: resettlement of Vietnamese-Chinese "boat-people" in Montreal, 1980–1990, Toronto, Ontario: Centre for Refugee Studies, University of York, ISBN 978-1-55014-296-9

[1]

@@ Baris 31: / Baris 31: @@
 * {{cite book|author=Andaya, Barbara Watson|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tClCMl7hswQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The flaming womb: repositioning women in early modern Southeast Asia|year=2006|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|location=|isbn=0-8248-2955-7|page=146|pages=|accessdate=28 June 2010}}
 * {{cite journal|author1= Bob Baulch|author2= Truong Thi Kim Chuyen | author3=Dominique Haughton | author4=Jonathan Haughton |title= Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam &ndash;A Socioeconomic Perspective|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2002/05/30/000094946_02051604452763/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf | publisher= The World Bank&ndash;Development Research Group |volume= WPS 2836|issue= |pages= |date= May 2002 |accessdate=13 December 2012}}
-* {{cite book|author = Chen, King C. |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=vY4tBfqGvZ4C&pg=PA54&lpg=PA54&dq=ethnic+chinese+controlled+percent+of+the+wholesale+trade&source=bl&ots=zH0EwsL0B8&sig=VGvjNQzyKGHkqIMjqPbvDeuyo8s&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-oOoT93SGonfiALI5YztAg&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20controlled%20percent%20of%20the%20wholesale%20trade&f=false |title=China's War With Vietnam, 1979: Issues, Decisions, and Implications |publisher=Hoover Press |year = 1987|ISBN = 0817985727 |accessdate=8 May 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author = Chen, King C.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=vY4tBfqGvZ4C&pg=PA54&lpg=PA54&dq=ethnic+chinese+controlled+percent+of+the+wholesale+trade&source=bl&ots=zH0EwsL0B8&sig=VGvjNQzyKGHkqIMjqPbvDeuyo8s&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-oOoT93SGonfiALI5YztAg&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20controlled%20percent%20of%20the%20wholesale%20trade&f=false|title=China's War With Vietnam, 1979: Issues, Decisions, and Implications|publisher=Hoover Press|year = 1987|ISBN = 0817985727|accessdate=8 May 2012}}
 * Cœdès, George. (1966). [http://books.google.com/books?id=qgrAFlAC4-QC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''The Making of South East Asia''] (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05061-4. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
 * {{cite book|title=The Tongking Gulf Through History|year=2011|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=0812243366|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7mlKjn3FfoMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|accessdate=4 January 2013|editor1-first=Nola|editor1-last=Cooke|editor2-first=Tana|editor2-last=Li|editor3-first=James|editor3-last=Anderson}}
-* {{cite book|author = Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana |url=http://books.google.com.my/books?id=k74xZYbnynwC&dq=%22tay+son%22+chinese+massacre&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=Water Frontier: Commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880 |publisher= Rowman & Littlefield |year = 2004|ISBN = 0742530833 |accessdate=28 June 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author = Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana|url=http://books.google.com.my/books?id=k74xZYbnynwC&dq=%22tay+son%22+chinese+massacre&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=Water Frontier: Commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880|publisher= Rowman & Littlefield|year = 2004|ISBN = 0742530833|accessdate=28 June 2012}}
 * {{cite book|last=Cœdès|first=George|title=The Indianized States of South-East Asia|year=1968|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=082480368X|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=iDyJBFTdiwoC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=3|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
 * {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FP7iAAAAMAAJ&q=Much+of+the+settlement+of+Cham+and+Cambodian+lands,+however,+was+done+by+Chinese+refugees+fleeing+the+collapse+of+the+Ming+dynasty.+The+Chinese+were+actively+courted+by+the+Nguyen,+who+were+in+desperate+need+of+manpower+in+order+to&dq=Much+of+the+settlement+of+Cham+and+Cambodian+lands,+however,+was+done+by+Chinese+refugees+fleeing+the+collapse+of+the+Ming+dynasty.+The+Chinese+were+actively+courted+by+the+Nguyen,+who+were+in+desperate+need+of+manpower+in+order+to&hl=en&ei=dc27TJK-N8T_lgf09p30DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA|encyclopedia =The New Encyclopædia Britannica|volume=8|year=2003|location=|isbn=0-85229-961-3|accessdate=28 June 2010}}
@@ Baris 41: / Baris 41: @@
 * Hall, Kenneth R., ed. (2008). [http://books.google.com/books?id=gyPjBevBHxcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Secondary Cities and Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, C. 1400-1800'']. Volume 1 of Comparative urban studies. Lexington Books. ISBN 0-7391-2835-3. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
 * {{cite book|last=Hall|first=Kenneth R.|title=A History of Early Southeast Asia: Maritime Trade and Societal Development, 100–1500|year=2010|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=0742567621|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fjsEn3w4TPgC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0|edition=illustrated|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
-* {{cite book|author = Gibney, Matthew J; Hansen, Randall|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2c6ifbjx2wMC&pg=PA664&lpg=PA664&dq=hoa+refugee+-wikipedia&source=bl&ots=Neld_Re57Q&sig=41LAp9FCNZj5HCTphQ-ug8CfRXo&hl=en&ei=ceBFSrjXCY7cNvbXqZsB&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9 |title=Immigration and Asylum: From 1900 to the Present |publisher=ABC-CLIO |date=2005-06-30 |ISBN = 1576077969|accessdate=26 April 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author = Gibney, Matthew J; Hansen, Randall|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2c6ifbjx2wMC&pg=PA664&lpg=PA664&dq=hoa+refugee+-wikipedia&source=bl&ots=Neld_Re57Q&sig=41LAp9FCNZj5HCTphQ-ug8CfRXo&hl=en&ei=ceBFSrjXCY7cNvbXqZsB&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9|title=Immigration and Asylum: From 1900 to the Present|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2005-06-30|ISBN = 1576077969|accessdate=26 April 2012}}
 * {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=cLE_ToRyuLsC&pg=PA133&dq=southeast+asian+ports+intermarriage+daoyi+zhilue+champa+chinese+traders+local+women+cham+ports&hl=en&ei=jp7PTPjdBMP7lwev-ZmrBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=southeast%20asian%20ports%20intermarriage%20daoyi%20zhilue%20champa%20chinese%20traders%20local%20women%20cham%20ports&f=false|title=Sino-Malay Trade and Diplomacy from the Tenth Through the Fourteenth Century|author=Heng, Derek|year=2009|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=0-89680-271-X|accessdate=28 June 2010}}
 * {{cite journal |title=Journal of Southeast Asian studies |volume=37|issue=1|year=2006|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=DIpRAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
-* {{cite book|author=Khánh, Trâǹ|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Bq7asyLp9EwC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=ethnic+chinese+control+as+much+as+percent&source=bl&ots=I3jnIH_eDP&sig=6PG8Uyrz7smwA9cXNBa3tRcSq6Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zjSPT9avMKWGiQKQkcTGBA&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20control%20as%20much%20as%20percent&f=false |title=The Ethnic Chinese and Economic Development in Vietnam |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |year=1993 |accessdate=26 April 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author=Khánh, Trâǹ|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Bq7asyLp9EwC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=ethnic+chinese+control+as+much+as+percent&source=bl&ots=I3jnIH_eDP&sig=6PG8Uyrz7smwA9cXNBa3tRcSq6Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zjSPT9avMKWGiQKQkcTGBA&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20control%20as%20much%20as%20percent&f=false|title=The Ethnic Chinese and Economic Development in Vietnam|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|year=1993|accessdate=26 April 2012}}
-* {{cite book|author=Lai, H. Mark|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=qZjruI0_XmcC&dq=hakka+in+vietnam&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=On Becoming Chinese American: A History of Communities and Institutions |publisher=Rowman Altamira |year=2004 |ISBN=0759104581}}
+* {{cite book|author=Lai, H. Mark|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=qZjruI0_XmcC&dq=hakka+in+vietnam&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=On Becoming Chinese American: A History of Communities and Institutions|publisher=Rowman Altamira|year=2004|ISBN=0759104581}}
 * {{cite book|title=The Chinese State at the Borders|year=2007|publisher=UBC Press|isbn=0774813334|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pFzhWyoYG_wC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|editor=Diana Lary|accessdate=4 January 2013|page=}}
 * {{cite book|last=Li|first=Tana|title=Nguyễn Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries|year=1998|publisher=SEAP Publications|volume=Volume 23 of Studies on Southeast Asia|isbn=0877277222|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=05x5UGA8MmAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|editor=Cornell University. Southeast Asia Program|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
-* {{cite book|author=Logan, William Stewart|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=QiYG5lXd4XsC&dq=cantonese+hanoi&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=Hanoi: Biography of a City|publisher=UNSW Press |year=2000|ISBN=0868404438 |accessdate=13 December 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author=Logan, William Stewart|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=QiYG5lXd4XsC&dq=cantonese+hanoi&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=Hanoi: Biography of a City|publisher=UNSW Press|year=2000|ISBN=0868404438|accessdate=13 December 2012}}
-* {{cite book|author=MacKerras, Colin|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=QLKpECdc4eIC&pg=PA120&dq=ethnic+chinese+owned+percent+of+the+sector&hl=en#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20owned%20percent%20of%20the%20sector&f=false |title=Ethnicity in Asia|publisher=Routledge-Curzon |year=2003|ISBN=0415258170 |accessdate=26 April 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author=MacKerras, Colin|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=QLKpECdc4eIC&pg=PA120&dq=ethnic+chinese+owned+percent+of+the+sector&hl=en#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20owned%20percent%20of%20the%20sector&f=false|title=Ethnicity in Asia|publisher=Routledge-Curzon|year=2003|ISBN=0415258170|accessdate=26 April 2012}}
-* {{cite book|author=Marr, David G.; White, Christine Pelzer|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=H5FLg3N8nmEC&pg=PA77&dq=ethnic+chinese+control+percent+of+retail+trade&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gQCmT4f7E7DdiALY3MiSAg&ved=0CDgQ6AEwADgU#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20control%20percent%20of%20retail%20trade&f=false |title=Postwar Vietnam: Dilemmas in Socialist Development&ndash;Issue 3 of Southeast Asia Program Series|publisher=SEAP Publications|year=1988 |isbn=0877271208|accessdate=6 May 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author=Marr, David G.; White, Christine Pelzer|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=H5FLg3N8nmEC&pg=PA77&dq=ethnic+chinese+control+percent+of+retail+trade&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gQCmT4f7E7DdiALY3MiSAg&ved=0CDgQ6AEwADgU#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20chinese%20control%20percent%20of%20retail%20trade&f=false|title=Postwar Vietnam: Dilemmas in Socialist Development&ndash;Issue 3 of Southeast Asia Program Series|publisher=SEAP Publications|year=1988|isbn=0877271208|accessdate=6 May 2012}}
 * Marr, David G. (2010). Vietnamese, Chinese, and Overseas Chinese during the Chinese Occupation of Northern Indochina (1945-1946), ''Chinese Southern Diaspora Studies'', Vol. 4: 129-139.
 * {{cite book|last=Stratton|first=Eric|title=Evolution Of Indian Stupa Architecture In East Asia|year=2002|publisher=Vedams eBooks (P) Ltd|isbn=8179360067|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Urg4O5-YhmcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
-* {{cite book|author=Suryadinata, Leo|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=VFDk4oyUAScC&dq=vietnam+%22chinese+bang%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title= Ethnic Chinese As Southeast Asians|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |date=1997-09-15 |ISBN = 0312175760|accessdate=21 October 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author=Suryadinata, Leo|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=VFDk4oyUAScC&dq=vietnam+%22chinese+bang%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title= Ethnic Chinese As Southeast Asians|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|date=1997-09-15|ISBN = 0312175760|accessdate=21 October 2012}}
 * Taylor, K. W. (2013). [http://books.google.com/books?id=P2HP31kOSA4C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''A History of the Vietnamese''] (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-87586-2. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
 * Taylor, Keith Weller. (1983). [http://books.google.com/books?id=rCl_02LnNVIC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false ''The Birth of Vietnam''] (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-07417-3. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
 * {{cite book|title=Essays Into Vietnamese Pasts|editor1-last=Taylor|editor1-first=Keith Weller|editor2-last=Whitmore|editor2-first=John K.|year=1995|publisher=SEAP Publications|isbn=0877277184|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=A60OggwLPrAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=4 January 2013}}
 * {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=a5YntZEIUHMC&dq=islam+is+to+many+cham+synonymous+with+widened+horizons&q=marriage+chinese#v=onepage&q=chinese%20ethnic%20preceded%20vietnamese%20settlers&f=false|title=Cham Muslims of the Mekong Delta: place and mobility in the cosmopolitan periphery|author=Taylor, Philip|year=2007|publisher=NUS Press|location=|isbn=9971-69-361-5|pages=|accessdate=9 January 2011}}
-* {{cite book|author = Tetsudosho |title=An Official Guide to Eastern Asia: East Indies, Vol. 5 |publisher= Imperial Japanese Government Railways |year = 1917 }}
+* {{cite book|author = Tetsudosho|title=An Official Guide to Eastern Asia: East Indies, Vol. 5|publisher= Imperial Japanese Government Railways|year = 1917 }}
-* {{cite book|author = Tong, Chee Kiong |url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=8bXnUL46_X0C&dq=%22chinese+settlers%22+french+vietnamese&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=Identity and Ethnic Relations in Southeast Asia: Racializing Chineseness |publisher= Springer |year = 2010|ISBN = 904818908X |accessdate=28 June 2012}}
+* {{cite book|author = Tong, Chee Kiong|url=http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=8bXnUL46_X0C&dq=%22chinese+settlers%22+french+vietnamese&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=Identity and Ethnic Relations in Southeast Asia: Racializing Chineseness|publisher= Springer|year = 2010|ISBN = 904818908X|accessdate=28 June 2012}}
 * {{cite book|last=Tsai|first=Shih-Shan Henry|title=The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)|year=1996|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=0791426874|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ka6jNJcX_ygC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|accessdate=5 January 2013}}
 * Ungar, E. S. (1988). The Struggle Over the Chinese Community in Vietnam, 1946-1986, ''Pacific Affairs'', Vol. 60, Issue 4: 596-614.

l b s Kelompok etnik di Vietnam menurut rumpun bahasa
Austroasiatik (Vietik)	Chứt Mường Nguồn Thổ Việt (Kinh)
Austroasiatik (non-Vietik)	Ba Na Brâu Bru-Vân Kiều Co Cơ Tu Giẻ Triêng Hrê Kháng Khơ Mú Mảng M'Nông Xtiêng Cơ Ho Mạ Chơ Ro Ơ Đu Rơ Măm Tà Ôi Xinh Mun Xơ Đăng Khmer
Hmong–Dao	Dao H'Mông/Mông Pà Thẻn
Tai–Kadai	Bố Y Giáy Lào Lự Nùng Sán Chay Tày Thái Thái Đen Thái Đỏ Thái Trắng Phu Thái Tày Thanh Thái Hàng Tổng Cơ Lao La Chí La Ha Pu Péo Thủy
Sino-Tibet	Han Hoa Ngái Sán Dìu Tibeto-Burma Cống Hà Nhì La Hủ Lô Lô Phù Lá Si La
Malayo-Polinesia	Chăm Chu Ru Ê Đê Gia Rai Raglai
Ekspatriat	India Jepang Korea Yahudi Nigeria Taiwan
dicetak miring – Tidak diakui secara resmi Portal Vietnam Category