Formula E musim 2018–2019: Perbedaan antara revisi
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* [[Nico Prost]] meninggalkan tim [[DAMS|e.dams]] pada akhir [[Formula E musim 2017-18|musim 2017–18]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Kalinauckas |first=Alex |url=https://www.autosport.com/fe/news/136687/prost-loses-edams-formula-e-seat |title=Nicolas Prost loses e.dams Formula E seat |publisher=Autosport |date=12 June 2018 |accessdate=12 August 2018}}</ref> |
* [[Nico Prost]] meninggalkan tim [[DAMS|e.dams]] pada akhir [[Formula E musim 2017-18|musim 2017–18]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Kalinauckas |first=Alex |url=https://www.autosport.com/fe/news/136687/prost-loses-edams-formula-e-seat |title=Nicolas Prost loses e.dams Formula E seat |publisher=Autosport |date=12 June 2018 |accessdate=12 August 2018}}</ref> |
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* [[Alexander Sims (racing driver)|Alexander Sims]] memulai debutnya untuk [[Andretti Autosport|BMW i Andretti Motorsport]] bersama pembalap [[António Félix da Costa]].<ref name="BMWi"/> |
* [[Alexander Sims (racing driver)|Alexander Sims]] memulai debutnya untuk [[Andretti Autosport|BMW i Andretti Motorsport]] bersama pembalap [[António Félix da Costa]].<ref name="BMWi"/> |
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* [[Felix Rosenqvist]] |
* [[Felix Rosenqvist]] meninggalkan [[Mahindra Racing]] untuk bergabung dengan [[Chip Ganassi Racing]] di [[Seri IndyCar]]. Posisinya akan digantikan oleh mantan pembalap [[Formula Satu]] [[Manor Racing|Manor]] dan [[Sauber]] dan juara [[2015 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters]], [[Pascal Wehrlein]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Formula E |first1=FIA |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Bo-0CGyApX4/?igshid=1pqfbhx9uc7st |website=Instagram.com |publisher=Instagram.com/fiaformulae |accessdate=16 October 2018 | title=Mahindra line-up announced}}</ref> Pada tanggal 15 November 2018, diumumkan Rosenqvist akan membalap di seri pembuka untuk Mahindra menggantikan Wehrlein yang kontraknya bersama [[Mercedes-Benz di Formula Satu|Mercedes]] baru habis pada Januari 2019.<ref name="Rosenqvist"/><ref>{{cite web|last=Errington |first=Tom |url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/rosenqvist-replaces-wehrlein-first-race/3214402/ |title=Rosenqvist replaces Wehrlein for first FE race |publisher=motorsport |date=15 November 2018 |accessdate=15 November 2018}}</ref> |
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* [[Nick Heidfeld]] digantikan oleh [[Jérôme d'Ambrosio]], yang sebelumnya membalap untuk tim [[Dragon Racing]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith |first=Sam |url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/heidfeld-set-to-leave-mahindra-formula-e/ |title=Heidfeld Set to Leave Mahindra, Formula E |publisher=e-racing365 |date=17 July 2018 |accessdate=12 August 2018}}</ref> Tempat Jerome d'Ambrosio di Dragon akan diisi oleh mantan pembalap [[Kejuaraan FIA Formula 2]] [[Maximilian Günther]].<ref name="Guenther"/> |
* [[Nick Heidfeld]] digantikan oleh [[Jérôme d'Ambrosio]], yang sebelumnya membalap untuk tim [[Dragon Racing]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith |first=Sam |url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/heidfeld-set-to-leave-mahindra-formula-e/ |title=Heidfeld Set to Leave Mahindra, Formula E |publisher=e-racing365 |date=17 July 2018 |accessdate=12 August 2018}}</ref> Tempat Jerome d'Ambrosio di Dragon akan diisi oleh mantan pembalap [[Kejuaraan FIA Formula 2]] [[Maximilian Günther]].<ref name="Guenther"/> |
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* [[Robin Frijns]] kembali ke [[Formula E]] sebagai pembalap [[DS Virgin Racing|Virgin Racing]], menggantikan [[Alex Lynn]].<ref name="Frijns"/> |
* [[Robin Frijns]] kembali ke [[Formula E]] sebagai pembalap [[DS Virgin Racing|Virgin Racing]], menggantikan [[Alex Lynn]].<ref name="Frijns"/> |
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* Mantan pembalap [[Formula Satu]] [[McLaren]] dan juara [[Seri GP2 2015]] [[Stoffel Vandoorne]] dan juara [[2018 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters]] [[Gary Paffett]] memulai debutnya bersama [[HWA Team|HWA Racelab]].<ref name="Vandoorne"/><ref name="Paffett"/> |
* Mantan pembalap [[Formula Satu]] [[McLaren]] dan juara [[Seri GP2 2015]] [[Stoffel Vandoorne]] dan juara [[2018 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters]] [[Gary Paffett]] memulai debutnya bersama [[HWA Team|HWA Racelab]].<ref name="Vandoorne"/><ref name="Paffett"/> |
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* |
*Pembalap [[Kejuaraan FIA Formula 2]] [[Alexander Albon]] pada awalnya akan membalap untuk [[DAMS|Nissan e.dams]] but was released from his contract less than 3 weeks before the start of the season to instead drive in the [[2019 Formula One World Championship]] for [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Toro Rosso]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.albon-to-partner-kvyat-at-toro-rosso-in-2019.2HXzDL0HW8oEUeIqIOsYkq.html|title=Alexander Albon replaces Brendon Hartley at Toro Rosso for 2019 {{!}} Formula 1®|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=26 November 2018|language=en}}</ref> [[Oliver Rowland]], who drove in the 2015-16 [[Formula E]] championship will replace Albon.<ref name="Rowland"/> |
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==Kalendar== |
==Kalendar== |
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! 6 |
! 6 |
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| [[ |
| [[ePrix Sanya]] |
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| {{CHN}} |
| {{CHN}} |
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| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Sanya]] |
| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Sanya]] |
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Baris 221: | Baris 221: | ||
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! 8 |
! 8 |
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| [[ |
| [[ePrix Paris]] |
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| {{FRA}} |
| {{FRA}} |
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| [[ |
| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Paris|Sirkuit Invalides]] |
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| 27 April 2019 |
| 27 April 2019 |
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! 9 |
! 9 |
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| [[ |
| [[ePrix Monako]] |
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| {{MCO}} |
| {{MCO}} |
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| [[ |
| [[Sirkuit Monako]] |
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| 11 Mei 2019 |
| 11 Mei 2019 |
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! 10 |
! 10 |
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| [[ |
| [[ePrix Berlin]] |
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| {{GER}} |
| {{GER}} |
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| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Bandar Udara Tempelhof]] |
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| [[Tempelhof Airport Street Circuit]] |
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| 25 Mei 2019 |
| 25 Mei 2019 |
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|- |
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! 11 |
! 11 |
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| [[ |
| [[ePrix Bern]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsportweek.com/news/id/20265|title=Formula E: Bern completes Formula E's 2018/19 calendar|last=|first=|date=12 October 2018|website=Motorsport Week|access-date=12 October 2018}}</ref> |
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| {{SUI}} |
| {{SUI}} |
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| [[ |
| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Bern]] |
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| 22 Juni 2019 |
| 22 Juni 2019 |
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! 12 |
! 12 |
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| {{nowrap|[[New York |
| {{nowrap|[[ePrix New York]] Balapan 1}} |
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|rowspan=2| {{nowrap|{{USA}}}} |
|rowspan=2| {{nowrap|{{USA}}}} |
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|rowspan=2| [[ |
|rowspan=2| [[Sirkuit Jalan Raya Brooklyn]] |
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| 13 Juli 2019 |
| 13 Juli 2019 |
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|- |
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! 13 |
! 13 |
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| [[New York |
| [[ePrix New York]] Balapan 2 |
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| 14 Juli 2019 |
| 14 Juli 2019 |
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Revisi per 19 Februari 2019 23.39
Formula E musim 2018-19 | |||
Sebelum: | 2017-18 | Sesudah: | 2019-20 |
Seri pendukung: Jaguar I-Pace eTrophy |
FIA Formula E musim 2018-19 adalah musim kelima dari kejuaraan Formula E, kejuaraan balapan menggunakan kendaraan listrik yang diakui badan pengelola motorsport, Federasi Otomotif Internasional (FIA), sebagai kelas tertinggi untuk mobil roda terbuka listrik.
Musim 2018-19 memperkenalkan mobil Gen2, generasi kedua mobil Formula E, dengan kemajuan teknologi signifikan dari sasis sebelumnya Spark-Renault SRT_01E – dengan tenaga yang meningkat dari 200 kW menjadi 250 kW dan kecepatan tertinggi meningkat sekitar 280 km/jam (174 mph). Kedatangan Gen2 mengakhiri pergantian mobil di setiap seri.[1]
Tim dan pembalap
Perubahan tim
- BMW masuk Formula E sebagai manufaktur, bekerja sama dengan Andretti Autosport.[27]
- Mercedes affiliate HWA entered the championship and establish a technical partnership with Venturi. The agreement sees HWA receive powertrains for the 2018–19 season, serving as a precursor to Mercedes' entry as a manufacturer team in the 2019–20 season.[32]
- Nissan entered the championship as a manufacturer replacing partner company Renault in their partnership with DAMS.[33] Renault cited a desire to concentrate on their Formula One programme as their motivation for leaving Formula E.[20]
- Techeetah switched from a Renault to DS Automobiles powertrain, becoming DS Performance's partner.[34] Meanwhile, Virgin Racing will switch to using an Audi powertrain.[35]
Perubahan pembalap
- Mantan pembalap Formula Satu Sauber, Ferrari dan Williams Felipe Massa memulai debut Formula E bersama Venturi.[17] Massa menggantikan Tom Dillmann yang pindah ke NIO Formula E Team untuk menggantikan Luca Filippi.[36]
- Nico Prost meninggalkan tim e.dams pada akhir musim 2017–18.[37]
- Alexander Sims memulai debutnya untuk BMW i Andretti Motorsport bersama pembalap António Félix da Costa.[28]
- Felix Rosenqvist meninggalkan Mahindra Racing untuk bergabung dengan Chip Ganassi Racing di Seri IndyCar. Posisinya akan digantikan oleh mantan pembalap Formula Satu Manor dan Sauber dan juara 2015 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, Pascal Wehrlein.[38] Pada tanggal 15 November 2018, diumumkan Rosenqvist akan membalap di seri pembuka untuk Mahindra menggantikan Wehrlein yang kontraknya bersama Mercedes baru habis pada Januari 2019.[31][39]
- Nick Heidfeld digantikan oleh Jérôme d'Ambrosio, yang sebelumnya membalap untuk tim Dragon Racing.[40] Tempat Jerome d'Ambrosio di Dragon akan diisi oleh mantan pembalap Kejuaraan FIA Formula 2 Maximilian Günther.[11]
- Robin Frijns kembali ke Formula E sebagai pembalap Virgin Racing, menggantikan Alex Lynn.[4]
- Mantan pembalap Formula Satu McLaren dan juara Seri GP2 2015 Stoffel Vandoorne dan juara 2018 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters Gary Paffett memulai debutnya bersama HWA Racelab.[7][8]
- Pembalap Kejuaraan FIA Formula 2 Alexander Albon pada awalnya akan membalap untuk Nissan e.dams but was released from his contract less than 3 weeks before the start of the season to instead drive in the 2019 Formula One World Championship for Toro Rosso.[41] Oliver Rowland, who drove in the 2015-16 Formula E championship will replace Albon.[21]
Kalendar
Seri | ePrix | Negara | Sirkuit | Tanggal |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ePrix Diriyah[42] | Arab Saudi | Sirkuit Jalan Raya Riyadh[43] | 15 Desember 2018 |
2 | ePrix Marrakesh | Maroko | Sirkuit Mobil Internasional Moulay El Hassan | 12 Januari 2019 |
3 | ePrix Santiago | Chili | Sirkuit Taman O'Higgins[44] | 26 Januari 2019 |
4 | ePrix Kota Meksiko | Meksiko | Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez | 16 Februari 2019 |
5 | ePrix Hong Kong | Hong Kong | Sirkuit Central Harbourfront Hong Kong | 10 Maret 2019 |
6 | ePrix Sanya | Tiongkok | Sirkuit Jalan Raya Sanya | 23 Maret 2019 |
7 | ePrix Roma | Italia | Sirkuit Cittadino dell'EUR | 13 April 2019 |
8 | ePrix Paris | Prancis | Sirkuit Invalides | 27 April 2019 |
9 | ePrix Monako | Monako | Sirkuit Monako | 11 Mei 2019 |
10 | ePrix Berlin | Jerman | Sirkuit Jalan Raya Bandar Udara Tempelhof | 25 Mei 2019 |
11 | ePrix Bern[45] | Swiss | Sirkuit Jalan Raya Bern | 22 Juni 2019 |
12 | ePrix New York Balapan 1 | Amerika Serikat | Sirkuit Jalan Raya Brooklyn | 13 Juli 2019 |
13 | ePrix New York Balapan 2 | 14 Juli 2019 | ||
Sumber:[46][47] |
Perubahan kalendar
- Kejuaraan ini akan kembali ke Monako sebagai ePrix Monako bergantian dengan acara dua tahunan Historic Grand Prix of Monaco.[48]
- Formula E akan memulai debutnya di Arab Saudi dengan balapan mengambil tempat di sirkuit jalan raya Diriyah, pinggiran kota Riyadh.[43][49] Seri ini menggantikan ePrix Hong Kong sebagai seri pembuka.
- ePrix baru di Tiongkok telah ditambahkan ke dalam kalendar provisional dengan Hainan, kota resor Sanya sebagai tempatnya.[50] Seri sebelumnya berada di Beijing.[46]
- ePrix Santiago mengganti lokasi Parque Forestal ke Taman O'Higgins. Mereka memindahkannya karena komplain yang dibuat oleh warga Barrio Lastarria, yang menentang tata letak trek asli.[44]
- ePrix Zürich tidak akan diadakan setelah pemerintah setempat khawatir dengan infrastruktur kota untuk menangani serangkaian acara berskala besar secara berurutan. Balapan di relokasi ke Bern, dengan opsi Zürich akan kembali di musim ke depan.[45]
Perubahan
Regulasi teknis
- The Spark-Renault SRT 01E, which was used by the championship since its inaugural season, has been replaced by a brand-new chassis.[51] The new chassis, which was also developed by Spark Racing Technology, is known as the SRT05e and eschews the conventional design of having a rear wing in favour of incorporating aerodynamic elements into the chassis and floor.[52]
- The category uses a new standardised battery produced by McLaren Applied Technologies and Atieva.[53][54] Each driver is only allowed to use one car per race, thus the battery life now lasts the whole race instead of half distance.[55]
- The series has introduced new brakes, as Spark Racing Technology chose Brembo as the sole supplier of the entire braking system for all the single-seaters: discs, calipers, pads, bells and tandem pump.[56][57]
- The maximum power output of the cars has increased to 250 kW.[58] Cars have a series of pre-set power modes which were introduced to encourage strategic racing without allowing a team to gain a competitive advantage through powertrain development.[59]
- The series also introduced a system dubbed "attack mode" or "Mario Kart mode" in which drivers receive an additional 25 kW of power by driving through a designated area of the circuit off the racing line. The duration of the boost mode and the number of boosts available is only decided shortly ahead of each race by the FIA to stop teams from anticipating its use and incorporating it into race strategy.[60][61]
- The "halo" cockpit protection device has been introduced on the chassis to meet the FIA rules that the halo should be involved in all single seater series by 2020.[62][63]
Regulasi olahraga
- Balapan tidak lagi ditentukan dengan banyaknya putaran. Sebaliknya, mereka menggunakan waktu 45 menit dengan tambahan satu putaran setelah batas waktu habis.[61]
Hasil dan klasemen
ePrix
Seri | Balapan | Pole position | Fastest lap | Pemenang | Tim pemenang | Laporan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Diriyah | António Félix da Costa | André Lotterer | António Félix da Costa | BMW i Andretti Motorsport[N 1] | Laporan |
2 | Marrakesh | Sam Bird | Lucas di Grassi | Jérôme d'Ambrosio | Mahindra Racing | Laporan |
3 | Santiago | Sebastien Buemi | Daniel Abt | Sam Bird | Envision Virgin Racing | Laporan |
4 | Kota Meksiko | Pascal Wehrlein | Pascal Wehrlein | Lucas di Grassi | Audi Sport Abt Schaeffler Formula E Team | Laporan |
5 | Hong Kong | Laporan | ||||
6 | Sanya | Laporan | ||||
7 | Roma | Laporan | ||||
8 | Paris | Laporan | ||||
9 | Monako | Laporan | ||||
10 | Berlin | Laporan | ||||
11 | Bern | Laporan | ||||
12 | New York | Laporan | ||||
13 |
Klasemen Kejuaraan Pembalap
Poin diberikan kepada 10 pembalap pertama yang finis di setiap balapan, pemegang pole position dan pembalap yang mencetak putaran tercepat, dengan struktur sebagai berikut:
Posisi | ke-1 | ke-2 | ke-3 | ke-4 | ke-5 | ke-6 | ke-7 | ke-8 | ke-9 | ke-10 | Pole | PT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poin | 25 | 18 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
|
Tebal – Pole |
† – Pembalap tidak finis balapan, tetapi tetap diklasifikasikan karena mereka menyelesaikan lebih dari 90% balapan.
Klasemen Kejuaraan Tim
Pos. | Tim | No. | ADR |
MAR |
SAN |
MEX |
HKG |
SNY |
ROM |
PAR |
MON |
BER |
BRN |
NYC |
Pts | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mahindra Racing | 64 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 83 | |||||||||
94 | Ret | Ret | 2 | 6 | ||||||||||||
2 | Envision Virgin Racing | 2 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 73 | |||||||||
4 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 11 | ||||||||||||
3 | BMW i Andretti Motorsport | 27 | 18 | 4 | 7 | 14 | 64 | |||||||||
28 | 1 | Ret | Ret | 2 | ||||||||||||
4 | DS Techeetah | 25 | 2 | 5 | Ret | 13 | 57 | |||||||||
36 | 5 | 6 | 13 | 5 | ||||||||||||
5 | Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler Formula E Team | 11 | 9 | 7 | 12 | 1 | 56 | |||||||||
66 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 10 | ||||||||||||
6 | Venturi Formula E Team | 19 | 17 | 18 | Ret | 8 | 31 | |||||||||
48 | 19 | 13 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||
7 | Panasonic Jaguar Racing | 3 | 10 | 14 | 11 | Ret | 29 | |||||||||
20 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||||
8 | Nissan e.dams | 22 | 7 | 15 | Ret | 20† | 21 | |||||||||
23 | 6 | 8 | Ret | 21† | ||||||||||||
9 | NIO Formula E Team | 8 | 14 | 17 | Ret | 15 | 4 | |||||||||
16 | 13 | 16 | 8 | 12 | ||||||||||||
10 | Geox Dragon | 6 | 15 | 12 | Ret | 19 | 2 | |||||||||
7 | Ret | 11 | 9 | 17 | ||||||||||||
11 | HWA Racelab | 5 | 16 | Ret | Ret | 18 | 0 | |||||||||
17 | Ret | Ret | 14 | 16 | ||||||||||||
Pos. | Tim | No. | ADR |
MAR |
SAN |
MEX |
HKG |
SNY |
ROM |
PAR |
MON |
BER |
BRN |
NYC |
Poin |
Catatan kaki
Referensi
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- ^ ""We will be a customer team next season": Tai". 26 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 June 2018.
- ^ Timo, Pape (26 July 2018). "Sam Bird schlägt BMW-Angebot aus und bleibt wohl bei Virgin Racing". e-Formel.de. Diakses tanggal 26 July 2018.
- ^ a b Kilshaw, Jake (5 September 2018). "Frijns Confirmed Alongside Bird at Envision Virgin". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 5 September 2018.
- ^ a b "Unchanged Lineup for Jaguar in Season Five". 20 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018.
- ^ "HWA AG join the Formula E grid for Season 5". fiaformulae.com. 9 May 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 May 2018.
- ^ a b Smith, Sam (15 October 2018). "Vandoorne Confirmed at HWA Racelab". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 15 October 2018.
- ^ a b Kalinauckas, Alex (8 October 2018). "Gary Paffett has been announced as the first driver to join HWA's new Formula E entry ahead of the 2018/19 championship". motorsport.com. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2018.
- ^ "Formula E confirms pre-season test lineup". speedcafe.com. 16 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 17 October 2018.
- ^ a b "Teams Continue Pre-Homologation Testing". 27 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2017.
- ^ a b Smith, Sam (7 November 2018). "Guenther to Join Lopez at Dragon". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 7 November 2018.
- ^ Smith, Sam (5 February 2019). "Nasr to Replace Guenther at GEOX Dragon". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 5 February 2019.
- ^ Smith, Sam (10 October 2018). "Dragon Confirms Lopez Return". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2018.
- ^ a b Hine, Nathan (9 October 2018). "NIO SIGN DILLMANN AND TURVEY FOR 2018-19 FORMULA E CAMPAIGN". thecheckeredflag.co.uk. The Checkered Flag. Diakses tanggal 9 October 2018.
- ^ Mitchell, Scott (28 September 2017). "Di Grassi's Audi Formula E deal runs to 2020". Motorsport.com. Motorsport Network. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2017.
- ^ Dagys, John (9 June 2018). "Abt Confirmed at Audi for Season Five". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2018.
- ^ a b Smith, Topher (15 May 2018). "Venturi announces Massa for season five". e-racing.net. Diakses tanggal 15 May 2018.
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- ^ a b Baldwin, Alan (25 October 2017). "Nissan to replace Renault in Formula E". reuters.com. Reuters. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2017.
- ^ a b "Nissan e.dams confirms driver lineup for Formula E championship". 30 November 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2018.
- ^ Smith, Luke (9 June 2017). "Buemi, Prost sign on with Renault e.dams in Formula E to 2019". motorsports.nbcsports.com. NBC Sports. Diakses tanggal 26 October 2017.
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- ^ Errington, Tom (15 November 2018). "Rosenqvist replaces Wehrlein for first FE race". motorsport. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2018.
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- ^ "Alexander Albon replaces Brendon Hartley at Toro Rosso for 2019 | Formula 1®" (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 26 November 2018.
- ^ "Formula E: Calendar". Formula E. Diakses tanggal 20 August 2018.
- ^ a b "Formula E reveals 10-year deal to race in Saudi Arabia from 2018/19". Autosport. 17 May 2018.
- ^ a b Aure, Francisco (9 October 2018). "Santiago added to season five calendar". e-racing.net. Diakses tanggal 9 October 2018.
- ^ a b "Formula E: Bern completes Formula E's 2018/19 calendar". Motorsport Week. 12 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 12 October 2018.
- ^ a b Smith, Sam (23 May 2017). "No London return but Chile on 2017/18 Formula E calendar". Autosport. Diakses tanggal 23 May 2017.
- ^ "Calendar". FIA Formula E Twitter. Diakses tanggal 1 December 2017.
- ^ "Formula E Set to Return to Short Monaco Layout – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2018.
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