Kaiyuan Tongbao

Kaiyuan Tongbao
(開元通寳)
Dinasti Tang; (Tiongkok)
Nilai	1 wén
Komposisi	Perunggu, lead, "white bronze", iron, silver, or gold
Tahun pencetakan	621–907
Depan
Desain	Kaiyuan Tongbao (開元通寳)
Desainer	Ouyang Xun (歐陽詢)
Belakang
Desain	Usually blank, sometimes with nail marks, crescents, dots, or clouds, while "Huichang Kaiyuan Tongbao" cash coins tend to have mint marks (see below).

Kaiyuan Tongbao (Hanzi sederhana: 开元通宝; Hanzi tradisional: 開元通寶; Pinyin: kāiyuán tōng bǎo; harfiah: 'Circulating treasure from the inauguration of a new epoch'), kadang-kadang diromanisasi menjadi Kai Yuan Tong Bao atau menggunakan ejaan Wade-Giles lama K'ai Yuan T'ung Pao,^[2] adalah uang koin Dinasti Tang yang diproduksi dari tahun 621 di bawah pemerintahan Kaisar Gaozu dan tetap diproduksi selama sebagian besar Dinasti Tang hingga tahun 907.^[3]

Lihat pula

Uang terbang

Catatan

^ Kaiyuan Tongbao coins were also produced in Sogdia.
^ The majority of Kaiyuan Tongbao coins were made from bronze.
^ Iron Kaiyuan Tongbao cash coins were predominantly cast in Sichuan where there had been a shortage of copper. There is evidence that iron Kaiyuan Tongbao coins also circulated in Hebei under the Tang dynasty.

Referensi

^ "Tang Dynasty 唐代 Gold Coin 金开元通宝". Marilyn Shea (University of Maine at Farmington) (dalam bahasa Inggris). March 2010. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2018.
^ Sportstune.com K'ai Yuan coins by John Ferguson. Retrieved: 21 June 2018.
^ "Tang Dynasty (618-907) and the subsequent Ten States Five Kingdoms era (907-960 or so)". Luke Roberts at the Department of History - University of California at Santa Barbara (dalam bahasa Inggris). 24 October 2003. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2018.

Sumber

Hartill, David (September 22, 2005). Cast Chinese Coins. Trafford, United Kingdom: Trafford Publishing. ISBN 978-1412054669.

[1] Kaiyuan Tongbao coins were also produced in Sogdia.

[2] The majority of Kaiyuan Tongbao coins were made from bronze.

[3] Iron Kaiyuan Tongbao cash coins were predominantly cast in Sichuan where there had been a shortage of copper. There is evidence that iron Kaiyuan Tongbao coins also circulated in Hebei under the Tang dynasty.

[4] "Tang Dynasty 唐代 Gold Coin 金开元通宝". Marilyn Shea (University of Maine at Farmington) (dalam bahasa Inggris). March 2010. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2018.

[5] Sportstune.com K'ai Yuan coins by John Ferguson. Retrieved: 21 June 2018.

[6] "Tang Dynasty (618-907) and the subsequent Ten States Five Kingdoms era (907-960 or so)". Luke Roberts at the Department of History - University of California at Santa Barbara (dalam bahasa Inggris). 24 October 2003. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2018.

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l b s Topik Dinasti Tang
Sejarah	Garis waktu Transisi dari Sui ke Tang Insiden Gerbang Xuanwu Perang Tang–Turk Timur Perang Tang–Xueyantuo Perang Goguryeo-Tang Perang Baekje–Tang Perang Silla–Tang Hubungan Tang dengan Tibet Perang Tang–Turk Barat Negara-negara Xiyu Karakhoja Karasahr Kucha Penaklukan Pertempuran Talas Pemberontakan An Shi Perjuangan Faksi Niu-Li Insiden Ganlu Pemberontakan Huang Chao
Kebudayaan	Seni Puisi Tiga Ratus Puisi Tang Li Bai Du Fu Penutup kepala resmi Kitab Tang Lama Kitab Tang Baru
Agama	Gereja dari Timur Prasasti Nestorian Islam pada masa Dinasti Tang Buddha Raksasa Leshan
Pemerintahan	Kaisar (Daftar Silsilah keluarga) Tiga Departemen dan Enam Kementerian Pengawal kekaisaran Pembagian administratif Sistem Jimi Jiedushi Ujian Nasional Tiongkok Para jenderal Turk
Protektorat	Dinasti Tang di Asia Dalam Protektorat Umum untuk Mendamaikan Barat Empat Garnisun Anxi Protektorat Beiting Protektorat Umum untuk Menenangkan Utara Protektorat Umum untuk Menenangkan Selatan Korea Protektorat Umum untuk Menenangkan Timur Komanderi Ungjin Komando Area Wilayah Gyerim Sistem Jimi
Sains dan teknologi	Uang terbang Cetak blok kayu Yi Xing
Ekonomi	Kaiyuan Tongbao Komisi Garam
Xia → Shang → Zhou → Qin → Han → 3 Kerajaan → Jìn / 16 Kerajaan → Dinasti Selatan dan Utara → Sui → Tang → 5 Dinasti & 10 Kerajaan → Liao / Song / W. Xia / Jīn → Yuan → Ming → Qing → Tiongkok Modern