Maskapai penerbangan nasional: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 1: Baris 1:
'''Maskapai penerbangan nasional''' adalah sebuah perusahaan transportasi udara yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah sebagai wujud pemenuhan perhubungan negara di dalam suatu negara yang diregistrasikan didalam negara tersebut.
'''Maskapai penerbangan nasional''' adalah sebuah perusahaan transportasi udara yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah sebagai wujud pemenuhan perhubungan negara di dalam suatu negara yang diregistrasikan di dalam negara tersebut.


Setiap negara hampir memiliki maskapai dengan bentukkan lewat pemerintah, tetapi [[Amerika Serikat]] adalah satu-satunya negara di dunia yang melarang adanya flag carrier karena aturan anti keistimewaan yang ketat. Saat ini, negara tersebut memiliki 2 maskapai internasional saja, setelah mengalami berbagai akuisisi dan likuidasi, seperti: [[American Airlines]], [[Delta Air Lines]]; yang memiliki fungsi mirip dengan flag carrier negara lain.
Setiap negara hampir memiliki maskapai dengan bentukkan lewat pemerintah, tetapi [[Amerika Serikat]] adalah satu-satunya negara di dunia yang melarang adanya flag carrier karena aturan anti keistimewaan yang ketat. Saat ini, negara tersebut memiliki 2 maskapai internasional saja, setelah mengalami berbagai akuisisi dan likuidasi, seperti: [[American Airlines]], [[Delta Air Lines]] dan [[United Airlines]]; yang memiliki fungsi mirip dengan flag carrier negara lain.


== Latar belakang ==
== Latar belakang ==
Baris 7: Baris 7:
Setelah [[Perang Dunia II]], banyak negara yang merdeka mendirikan maskapai penerbangan sebagai perwujudan titik awal negara dalam merencanakan pembangunan setelah negara tersebut hancur akibat perang. Dalam status kepemilikannya, Pemerintah menjadi pemilik utama perusahaan karena besarnya jumlah modal yang diberikan dan dikucurkan kepada dewan operasional manajemen tersebut. Sementara itu, setelah pembentukkan maskapai sudah diselesaikan, regulasi yang ketat mengenai sistem perindustrian maskapai penerbangan juga membuat pemerintah harus melakukan campur tangan untuk melakukan negosiasi dengan negara lain agar maskapai mendapat izin untuk masuk kedalam daerah tersebut. Kemudian, kerjasama yang berwal dari satu aspek, berkembang menjadi multi aspek. Sehingga, perjanjian bilateral harus dibentuk sebagai wujud komitmen kedua negara untuk memajukan perekonomian kedua negara, terutama maskapai penerbangan. Biasanya, negara-negara tersebut mendirikan flag carrier untuk alasan nasionalisme dan untuk membantu keuangan negara, terutama di daerah wisata.{{Citation needed|date=Desember 2009}}
Setelah [[Perang Dunia II]], banyak negara yang merdeka mendirikan maskapai penerbangan sebagai perwujudan titik awal negara dalam merencanakan pembangunan setelah negara tersebut hancur akibat perang. Dalam status kepemilikannya, Pemerintah menjadi pemilik utama perusahaan karena besarnya jumlah modal yang diberikan dan dikucurkan kepada dewan operasional manajemen tersebut. Sementara itu, setelah pembentukkan maskapai sudah diselesaikan, regulasi yang ketat mengenai sistem perindustrian maskapai penerbangan juga membuat pemerintah harus melakukan campur tangan untuk melakukan negosiasi dengan negara lain agar maskapai mendapat izin untuk masuk kedalam daerah tersebut. Kemudian, kerjasama yang berwal dari satu aspek, berkembang menjadi multi aspek. Sehingga, perjanjian bilateral harus dibentuk sebagai wujud komitmen kedua negara untuk memajukan perekonomian kedua negara, terutama maskapai penerbangan. Biasanya, negara-negara tersebut mendirikan flag carrier untuk alasan nasionalisme dan untuk membantu keuangan negara, terutama di daerah wisata.{{Citation needed|date=Desember 2009}}


Dalam banyak kejadian yang berbeda dengan motif yang sama, pemerintah memberikan suntikan dana secara langsung kepada maskapai penerbangan nasional mereka, umumnya akibat banyaknya kerugian yang terus menerus terjadi atau medekati kebangkrutan ('''''Seperti Malaysia Airlines, maskapai ini beberapa kali mendapat suntikan dana selama kurun waktu 11 Tahun dari pemerintah mereka dengan jumlah suntikan lebih dari US$ 17 Miliar akibat pelarangan maskapai untuk menaikkan harga terkait program "Visit Malaysia" yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan turis ini dinilai terlalu merugikan, karena jumlah rute yang ada dengan armada yang ada kalah jumlah dengan datangnya maskapai LCC'''''). Sementara itu, pendirian maskapai lokal yang (memiliki kemungkinan) menjadi pesaing kadang kala dilarang langsung beroperasi secara terbuka, atau mendapat aturan ketat untuk mencegah persaingan langsung. Saat ini, maskapai swasta secara terbuka diijinkan untuk berdiri, tetapi maskapai penerbangan nasional masih menjadi prioritas pemerintah, terutama dalam pembagian perencanaan koridor rute area nasional dan internasional.
Dalam banyak kejadian yang berbeda dengan motif yang sama, pemerintah memberikan suntikan dana secara langsung kepada maskapai penerbangan nasional mereka, umumnya akibat banyaknya kerugian yang terus menerus terjadi atau medekati kebangkrutan (Seperti Malaysia Airlines, maskapai ini beberapa kali mendapat suntikan dana selama kurun waktu 11 Tahun dari pemerintah mereka dengan jumlah suntikan lebih dari US$ 17 Miliar akibat pelarangan maskapai untuk menaikkan harga terkait program "Visit Malaysia" yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan turis ini dinilai terlalu merugikan, karena jumlah rute yang ada dengan armada yang ada kalah jumlah dengan datangnya maskapai LCC). Sementara itu, pendirian maskapai lokal yang (memiliki kemungkinan) menjadi pesaing kadang kala dilarang langsung beroperasi secara terbuka, atau mendapat aturan ketat untuk mencegah persaingan langsung. Saat ini, maskapai swasta secara terbuka diijinkan untuk berdiri, tetapi maskapai penerbangan nasional masih menjadi prioritas pemerintah, terutama dalam pembagian perencanaan koridor rute area nasional dan internasional.


Dalam dekade terakhir, banyak maskapai tersebut menjadi perusahaan terbuka privatisasi. Regulator Industri (Dalam hal ini, Departemen Perhubungan Negara) juga secara bertahap melonggarkan peraturannya seiring terbukanya persaingan ekonomi, terutama di Amerika Serikat dan [[Uni Eropa]].{{Citation needed|date=Desember 2009}}
Dalam dekade terakhir, banyak maskapai tersebut menjadi perusahaan terbuka privatisasi. Regulator Industri (Dalam hal ini, Departemen Perhubungan Negara) juga secara bertahap melonggarkan peraturannya seiring terbukanya persaingan ekonomi, terutama di Amerika Serikat dan [[Uni Eropa]].{{Citation needed|date=Desember 2009}}


== Daftar Maskapai penerbangan Nasional ==
== Daftar maskapai penerbangan nasional ==
<!--- DO NOT REMOVE ANYTHING OR ADD ANYTHING WITHOUT SOURCES --->
{{Original research|table|date=January 2008}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
! Negara|| Nama Maskapai Penerbangan||Dibentuk Negara||Status Kepemilikan Negara
! Negara|| Maskapai ||Status kepemilikan negara
!Catatan
|-
|-
| {{AFG}} || [[Ariana Afghan Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.flyariana.com/subpage.php?id=12 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2010-07-02 |archive-date=2012-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128133045/https://www.flyariana.com/subpage.php?id=12 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> || Mayoritas<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-01-28|title=Ariana Afghan Airlines :: Corporate Information|url=https://www.flyariana.com/subpage.php?id=12|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128133045/https://www.flyariana.com/subpage.php?id=12|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{AFG}} || [[Ariana Afghan Airlines]]<ref>https://www.flyariana.com/subpage.php?id=12</ref> || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
|{{ZAF}}
| {{ALB}} || [[Albanian Airlines]] || Ya || [[joint venture]]
|[[South African Airways]]
|Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{ALB}} || [[Air Albania]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-19|title=New national carrier for Albania launched {{!}} Airlines content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airlines/new-national-carrier-albania-launched|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919020514/http://atwonline.com/airlines/new-national-carrier-albania-launched|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>||
| {{AND}} || [[AeroKing Andorra]] || Ya || Joint Venture antara Eagle Aviation España dan [[TAP Portugal]]
|
|-
|-
| {{DZA}} || [[Air Algérie]] || Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-25|title=.:Middle East Online:::.|url=http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=63171|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625231352/http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=63171|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{DZA}} || [[Air Algérie]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{AGO}} || [[TAAG Angola Airlines]] || Mayoritas<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-06|title=TAAG Angola Airlines’ new 777-300ER to fly on Portugal route {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/taag-angola-airlines-new-777-300er-fly-portugal-route|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506212910/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/taag-angola-airlines-new-777-300er-fly-portugal-route|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{AGO}} || [[TAAG Angola Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
|
|-
|-
|{{SAU}}
| {{ALA}} || [[Air Åland]] || ||
|[[Saudia]]
|Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{ARG}} || [[Aerolíneas Argentinas]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{ARG}} || [[Aerolíneas Argentinas]] || Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{ARM}} || [[Armavia]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{ARM}} || [[Armavia]] || Tidak
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{AUS}} || [[Qantas]] <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-02|title=Brisbane named second Qantas 787-9 base {{!}} Airlines content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airlines/brisbane-named-second-qantas-787-9-base|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2017-09-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902173005/http://atwonline.com/airlines/brisbane-named-second-qantas-787-9-base|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Tidak
| {{AUS}} || [[Qantas]] || Ya || Tidak
|Milik negara hingga 1992.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-01-22|title=Accelerating Change in the 1990s {{!}} Qantas|url=http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/history-1990/global/en|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122172716/http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/history-1990/global/en|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Virgin Australia]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-31|title=National carrier: it’s a matter of definition|url=https://www.afr.com/companies/transport/national-carrier-it-s-a-matter-of-definition-20140305-ixnl4|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731220010/https://www.afr.com/companies/transport/national-carrier-it-s-a-matter-of-definition-20140305-ixnl4|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{AUT}} || [[Austrian Airlines]] || Ya || Tidak
|Minoritas<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-05|title=Queensland taxpayers to get 7pc on $200m Virgin play|url=https://www.afr.com/companies/transport/queensland-invests-200m-in-virgin-2-0-20201005-p5620n|website=Australian Financial Review|language=en|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{AZE}} || [[Azerbaijan Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{AUT}} || [[Austrian Airlines]]||Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[Lufthansa]]
|Milik negara hingga 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-12-16|title=AUA-Verkauf besiegelt: Kranich soll Flügel verleihen « DiePresse.com|url=http://diepresse.com/home/wirtschaft/economist/435595/index.do|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2008-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216114022/http://diepresse.com/home/wirtschaft/economist/435595/index.do|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{BHS}} || [[Bahamasair]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{AZE}} || [[Azerbaijan Airlines]]||
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"| {{BHR}} || [[Gulf Air]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{BHS}} || [[Bahamasair]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| [[Bahrain Air]] || Ya ||
| {{BHR}} || [[Gulf Air]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{BGD}} || [[Biman Bangladesh Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{BGD}} || [[Biman Bangladesh Airlines]] ||Perusahaan terbatas publik
|Milik negara hingga 2007.
|-
|-
| {{BRB}} || [[LIAT]] || Tidak || Tidak
| {{BRB}} || [[LIAT]] || Tidak
|
|-
|-
|{{NLD}}
| {{BLR}} || [[Belavia]] || Ya || Penuh
|[[KLM]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-14|title=KLM expands long-haul network {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/klm-expands-long-haul-network|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514140915/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/klm-expands-long-haul-network|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Minoritas (14%)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Woerkom|first=Klaas-Jan van|date=2019-02-27|title=Nederlandse staat vergroot belang in Air France-KLM|url=https://www.luchtvaartnieuws.nl/nieuws/categorie/2/airlines/nederlandse-staat-vergroot-belang-in-air-france-klm|website=Luchtvaartnieuws|language=nl|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{BEL}} || [[Brussels Airlines]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{BLR}} || [[Belavia]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{BEL}} || [[Brussels Airlines]]|| Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[Lufthansa]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-16|title=Pilot strike forces Brussels Airlines to cancel 75% of flights {{!}} Labor content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/labor/pilot-strike-forces-brussels-airlines-cancel-75-flights|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516194342/http://atwonline.com/labor/pilot-strike-forces-brussels-airlines-cancel-75-flights|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{BLZ}} || [[Maya Island Air]] || Tidak || Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{BEN}} || [[Benin Golf Air]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{BLZ}} || [[Maya Island Air]]|| Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{BTN}} || [[Drukair]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{BEN}} || [[Benin Golf Air]]|| Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{BOL}} || [[AeroSur]] || Ya ||Minoritas (48%)
| {{BTN}} || [[Drukair]]|| Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{BOL}} || [[Boliviana de Aviación]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-21|title=ROUTES: Air Nostrum still keen on Latin American growth post-Sol|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/routes-air-nostrum-still-keen-on-latin-american-gro-424530/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821151847/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/routes-air-nostrum-still-keen-on-latin-american-gro-424530/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>||Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-07-09|title=Boliviana de Aviacion set to expand as re-launch of Aerosur is unlikely due to government roadblocks {{!}} CAPA - Centre for Aviation|url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/boliviana-de-aviacion-set-to-expand-as-re-launch-of-aerosur-is-unlikely-due-to-government-roadblocks-77084|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709102103/http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/boliviana-de-aviacion-set-to-expand-as-re-launch-of-aerosur-is-unlikely-due-to-government-roadblocks-77084|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{BIH}} || [[B&H Airlines]]|| Ya ||Mayoritas (50.93%)
|
|-
|-
| {{BWA}} || [[Air Botswana]] || Ya ||Penuh
| {{BWA}} || [[Air Botswana]] ||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{BRA}} ||[[LATAM Brazil]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=LATAM Brasil|url=https://www.routesonline.com/airlines/4598/latam-brasil/}}</ref>
| {{BRA}} || [[TAM Linhas Aéreas]] || Ya ||Tidak
|
|
|-
|-
|{{GBR}}
| {{BRU}} || [[Royal Brunei Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
|[[British Airways]]
|Tidak<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/danair-swallowed-up-by-ba-rivals-say-competition-and-choice-will-be-cut-by-takeover-that-will-axe-1900-jobs-1559258.html</ref>
|Milik negara hingga 1987.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-01|title=BBC News {{!}} BUSINESS {{!}} Profile: British Airways|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1554140.stm|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101022700/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1554140.stm|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{BGR}} || [[Bulgaria Air]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{BRU}} || [[Royal Brunei Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{BGR}} || [[Bulgaria Air]]||Minoritas Milik Negara (0,01%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-23|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://econ.bg/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%82-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%95%D1%80-_l.a_i.106398_at.1.html|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223051549/http://econ.bg/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%82-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%95%D1%80-_l.a_i.106398_at.1.html|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{BFA}} || [[Air Burkina]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{BDI}} || [[Air Burundi]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{BFA}} || [[Air Burkina]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{KHM}} || [[Cambodia Angkor Air]] || Ya ||Mayoritas
| {{BDI}} || [[Air Burundi]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{CZE}} || [[Czech Airlines]]|| Tidak<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-11|title=Leisure carrier Travel Service is CSA Czech Airlines new owner {{!}} Airline Financials content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airline-financials/leisure-carrier-travel-service-csa-czech-airlines-new-owner|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011172457/http://atwonline.com/airline-financials/leisure-carrier-travel-service-csa-czech-airlines-new-owner|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{CMR}} || [[Cameroon Airlines]] || Ya ||
|
|-
|-
| {{TCD}} ||[[Tchadia Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-08-10|title=New Chadian national carrier set to launch operations {{!}} Airlines content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airlines/new-chadian-national-carrier-set-launch-operations|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810154836/http://atwonline.com/airlines/new-chadian-national-carrier-set-launch-operations|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{CAN}} || [[Air Canada]] || Ya || Tidak
|Mayoritas (51%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-13|title=Ethiopian Airlines finalizes deal for new Chad JV carrier {{!}} Airlines content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airlines/ethiopian-airlines-finalizes-deal-new-chad-jv-carrier|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913200928/http://atwonline.com/airlines/ethiopian-airlines-finalizes-deal-new-chad-jv-carrier|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{CPV}} || [[TACV Cabo Verde Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{CHL}} || [[LAN Airlines|LATAM Chili]]|| Tidak
|Milik negara hingga 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Air Cargo Services|url=https://www.latamcargo.com/|website=www.latamcargo.com|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{DNK}} || rowspan="3" | [[Scandinavian Airlines System|Scandinavian Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-22|title=SAS aims to capture a larger share of the thriving Scandinavian leisure market {{!}} CAPA - Centre for Aviation|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/sas-aims-to-capture-a-larger-share-of-the-thriving-scandinavian-leisure-market-81160|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-09-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902130121/http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/sas-aims-to-capture-a-larger-share-of-the-thriving-scandinavian-leisure-market-81160|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| rowspan="3" | [[Perusahaan patungan|Joint venture]]
| {{CYM}} || [[Cayman Airways]] || Ya ||
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|-
|{{NOR}}
| {{TCD}} || [[Toumaï Air Tchad]] || ||
|-
|-
|{{SWE}}
| {{CHL}} || [[LAN Airlines]] || || Tidak
|-
|-
| {{CHN}} || [[Air China]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{ECU}} || [[TAME]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{COL}} || [[Avianca]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{ERI}} || [[Eritrean Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{EST}} || [[Nordica (maskapai)|Nordica]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-07|title=Nordica 1Q passenger traffic up 17%, forecasts strong growth {{!}} Airline Traffic content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airline-traffic/nordica-1q-passenger-traffic-17-forecasts-strong-growth|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407135617/http://atwonline.com/airline-traffic/nordica-1q-passenger-traffic-17-forecasts-strong-growth|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-11|title=Nordica launches services from Tallinn to Vienna, Berlin {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/nordica-launches-services-tallinn-vienna-berlin|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411234505/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/nordica-launches-services-tallinn-vienna-berlin|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{COM}} || [[Air Comores International]] || ||
|
|-
|-
|{{Flag|Eswatini}}
| {{COG}} || [[Trans Air Congo]] || ||
|[[Eswatini Airlink]]
|Joint venture
|
|-
|-
| {{COD}} || [[Hewa Bora Airways]] || ||
| {{ETH}} || [[Ethiopian Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{CRI}} || [[Lacsa]] (sekarang bagian dari [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]) || ||
| {{FJI}} || [[Fiji Airways]]||Mayoritas (51%)
|
|-
|-
|{{PHL}}
| {{CIV}} || [[Air Ivoire]] || ||
|[[Philippine Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-15|title=Philippine Airlines {{!}} LAX {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/philippine-airlines-open-new-lax-service|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815125233/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/philippine-airlines-open-new-lax-service|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|
|
|-
|-
| {{FIN}} || [[Finnair]]|| Mayoritas (55,8%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-10-22|title=Finnair|url=http://www.finnairgroup.com/group/group_1.html|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022163125/http://www.finnairgroup.com/group/group_1.html|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{HRV}} || [[Croatia Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|-
|
| {{CUB}} || [[Cubana de Aviación]] || Ya || Penuh
|-
|-
| {{CYP}} || [[Cyprus Airways]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{GEO}} || [[Georgian Airways]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{CZE}} || [[Czech Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{GRL}} || [[Air Greenland]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{DNK}} || [[Scandinavian Airlines System]] || ya || Joint Venture
| {{GTM}} || [[Aviateca|Avianca Guatemala]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{DJI}} || [[Djibouti Air]] || ||
| {{GGY}} || [[Aurigny Air Services]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
|{{GNQ}}
| {{DOM}} || [[PAWA Dominicana]]|| Tidak ||Tidak
|[[CEIBA Intercontinental]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Guinea|first=Republic of Equatorial|title=Equatorial Guinea Airline Inaugurates Service To Europe|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/equatorial-guinea-airline-inaugurates-service-to-europe-173302031.html|website=www.prnewswire.com|language=en|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|
|
|-
|-
| {{ECU}} || [[TAME]] || ||
| {{GUY}} || rowspan="3" | [[Caribbean Airlines]]||Tidak
|
|-
|-
|{{JAM}}
| {{EGY}} || [[EgyptAir]] || Ya || Penuh
|Minoritas (16%)
|
|-
|-
|{{TRI}}
| {{SLV}} || [[Grupo TACA|TACA]] || ||
|Mayoritas (84%)
|
|-
|-
| {{HKG}} || [[Cathay Pacific]]||Minoritas (6,08% oleh [[Pemerintah Hong Kong]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=【國泰資本重組】香港政府斥273億元救國泰 若實行認股權變第四大股東 - 香港經濟日報 - 即時新聞頻道 - 即市財經 - 股市|url=https://inews.hket.com/article/2665394|website=inews.hket.com|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| {{GNQ}} || [[Ecuato Guineana]] || ||

Minoritas (16,03% oleh [[Pemerintah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Pemerintah Tiongkok]])

* 30% melalui [[Air China|Air China Limited]] (53,46% milik Pemerintah Tiongkok)
|
|-
|-
| {{IND}} || [[Air India]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-15|title=Plane paint: Top 10 Indian liveries - 8/14/2015 - Flight Global|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/plane-paint-top-10-indian-liveries-415731/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815172852/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/plane-paint-top-10-indian-liveries-415731/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[Tata Group]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tata Sons Wins Air India Bid For Rs 18,000 Crore|url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/tata-sons-wins-air-india-bid-2568488|website=NDTV.com|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| {{ERI}} || [[Eritrean Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
|Milik negara hingga November 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-10-08|title=Air India: Struggling national carrier sold to Tata Sons|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-58778274|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{INA}} || [[Garuda Indonesia]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-06-05|title=Garuda Indonesia may be forced to change Amsterdam service {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/garuda-indonesia-may-be-forced-change-amsterdam-service|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605030457/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/garuda-indonesia-may-be-forced-change-amsterdam-service|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Mayoritas (60,536%)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indonesia Stock Exchange|url=http://www.idx.co.id/}}</ref>
| {{EST}} || [[Estonian Air]] || Ya || Minoritas
|Milik negara hingga 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=BeritaSatu.com|title=Mengapa IPO Garuda buntung?|url=https://www.beritasatu.com/ekonomi/10805/mengapa-ipo-garuda-buntung|website=beritasatu.com|language=id|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{ETH}} || [[Ethiopian Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{IRN}} || [[Iran Air]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{FRO}} || [[Atlantic Airways]] || ||
| {{IRQ}} || [[Iraqi Airways]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{FJI}} || [[Air Pacific]] || ||
| {{IRL}} || [[Aer Lingus]]|| Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[International Airlines Group|IAG]]
|Milik negara hingga September 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aer Lingus: Key dates in airline's history|url=https://www.independent.ie/life/travel/aer-lingus-key-dates-in-airlines-history-30936605.html|website=independent|language=en|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{ISR}} || [[El Al]]|| Minoritas (~1,1%)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ir.elal.com/he/financialInformation/Pages/InformationInterimReport.aspx|website=ir.elal.com|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| {{FIN}} || [[Finnair]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|Milik negara hingga Juni 2004.
|-
|-
| {{ISL}} || [[Icelandair]]|| Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[Icelandair Group]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Icelandair Group - Investors|url=https://www.icelandairgroup.com/|website=Icelandair Group|language=en-us|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| {{FRA}} || [[Air France]] || Tidak || Minoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{ITA}} || [[ITA Airways]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=ITA Airways|url=https://www.itaspa.com/content/itaspa/itaspa-pl/it/homepage.html}}</ref>||Milik negara, menggantikan [[Alitalia]] mulai 15 Oktober 2021<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-14|title='Old' Alitalia set for last flight after 75 years - English|url=https://www.ansa.it/english/news/business/2021/10/14/old-alitalia-set-for-last-flight-after-75-years_62620b08-7c82-456b-a5b8-305ae2658600.html|website=ANSA.it|language=en|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| {{GUF}} || [[Air Guyane]] || Ya ||
|
|-
|-
| {{JPN}} || [[Japan Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-05|title=JAL reports 17.5% net profit drop on deferred taxes {{!}} Airline Financials content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airline-financials/jal-reports-175-net-profit-drop-deferred-taxes|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505140202/http://atwonline.com/airline-financials/jal-reports-175-net-profit-drop-deferred-taxes|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Tidak
| {{PYF}} || [[Air Tahiti Nui]] || Ya ||
|Milik negara hingga 1987.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of JAL 1981–1990|url=http://www.jal.com/en/history/history/age_81-90.html}}</ref>
|-
|-
|{{DEU}}
| {{GAB}} || [[Gabon Airlines]] || ||
|[[Lufthansa]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-29|title=Lufthansa cuts back A380 order - 10/4/2013 - Flight Global|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/lufthansa-cuts-back-a380-order-391342/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629020511/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/lufthansa-cuts-back-a380-order-391342/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Minoritas (20,05%) dari [[Lufthansa Group]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Hilfspaket kann kommen: Lufthansa-Aktionäre stimmen Staatseinstieg zu|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/unternehmen/lufthansa-aktionaere-stimmen-staatseinstieg-zu-16832849.html|newspaper=FAZ.NET|language=de|issn=0174-4909|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|Milik negara hingga 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-10-21|title=Der Weg zur Privatisierung der Lufthansa ist offen: Neue Freiheit {{!}} DIE ZEIT Archiv {{!}} Ausgabe 20/1994|url=http://www.zeit.de/1994/20/neue-freiheit|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021165734/http://www.zeit.de/1994/20/neue-freiheit|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|-
|-
|{{DJI}}
| {{GMB}} || [[Gambia International Airlines]] || Ya ||
|[[Air Djibouti]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-13|title=Africa’s Air Djibouti continues re-fleeting {{!}} Airframes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airframes/africa-s-air-djibouti-continues-re-fleeting|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813125326/http://atwonline.com/airframes/africa-s-air-djibouti-continues-re-fleeting|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Joint venture
|
|-
|-
|{{KHM}}
| {{GEO}} || [[Georgian Airways]] || Ya ||
|[[Cambodia Angkor Air]]
|Mayoritas (51%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-04-03|title=Cambodia launches national carrier with Vietnam's help {{!}} The Manila Bulletin Newspaper Online|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/213179/cambodia-launches-national-carrier-with-vietnams-help|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403043159/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/213179/cambodia-launches-national-carrier-with-vietnams-help|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
|{{CMR}}
| {{GGY}} || [[Aurigny Air Services]] || Ya || Penuh
|[[Camair-co|Camair-Co]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-05-02|title=New Cameroon national carrier Camair-Co fails to reach first year targets, but continues to grow {{!}} CAPA|url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/new-cameroon-national-carrier-camair-co-fails-to-reach-first-year-targets-but-continues-to-grow-72621|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120502214151/http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/new-cameroon-national-carrier-camair-co-fails-to-reach-first-year-targets-but-continues-to-grow-72621|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|title=À propos de la companie (french)|url=https://www.camair-co.cm/page/CM/en/a-propos-de-la-compagnie}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
|{{CAN}}
| {{DEU}} || [[Lufthansa]] || Ya || Tidak
|[[Air Canada]]
|Minoritas milik negara (estimasi 6,4%)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Canadian Taxpayers Now Own Part of Air Canada|url=https://ca.travelpulse.com/news/airlines/canadian-taxpayers-now-own-part-of-air-canada.html|website=TravelPulse|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|Milik negara hingga 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-05-19|title=CBC News Indepth: Air Canada|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/timeline.html|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130519084823/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/timeline.html|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{GHA}} || [[Ghana International Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{KAZ}} || [[Air Astana]]|| Mayoritas (51%)
|
|-
|-
| {{GRC}} || [[Olympic Air]] || Tidak || Tidak
| {{KEN}} || [[Kenya Airways]]||Minoritas (29,8%)
|
|-
|-
|{{CYM}}
| {{GRL}} || [[Air Greenland]] || Ya ||
|[[Cayman Airways]]
|
|
|-
|-
|{{FRO}}
| {{GLP}} || [[Air Caraïbes]] || ||
|[[Atlantic Airways]]
|
|
|-
|-
|{{SLB}}
| {{GUM}} || [[Continental Micronesia]] || ||
|[[Solomon Airlines]]
|
|
|-
|-
| {{KGZ}} ||[[Air Kyrgyzstan]]
| {{GTM}} || [[Aviateca]] (sekarang bagian dari [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]) || ||
|Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{GIN}} || [[Air Guinee Express]] || Ya ||
| {{KIR}} || [[Air Kiribati]]||
|
|-
|-
|{{COL}}
| {{GUY}} || [[Caribbean Airlines]] || Tidak ||
|[[Avianca]]
|Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{KOR}} || [[Korean Air]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-01|title=Cho: Korean Air deciding on new widebody orders {{!}} Airframes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airframes/cho-korean-air-deciding-new-widebody-orders|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101004541/http://atwonline.com/airframes/cho-korean-air-deciding-new-widebody-orders|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Tidak<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-04|title=SkyTeam - Member Airline Korean Air|url=http://www.skyteam.com/About-us/Our-members/Korean-Air/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604003700/http://www.skyteam.com/About-us/Our-members/Korean-Air/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{HTI}} || [[Tortug' Air]] || ||
|
|-
|-
| {{PRK}} || [[Air Koryo]]|| Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-08-19|title=Air Koryo - The Official Webpage of the national airline of the DPRK|url=http://www.korea-dpr.com/airkoryo.htm|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2009-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819114943/http://www.korea-dpr.com/airkoryo.htm|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{HKG}} || [[Cathay Pacific]] || Ya || Tidak
|
|-
|-
|{{HRV}}
| {{HUN}} || [[Malév Hungarian Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|[[Croatia Airlines]]
|Mayoritas (98%)
|
|-
|-
|{{CUB}}
| {{ISL}} || [[Icelandair]] || Ya || Tidak
|[[Cubana de Aviación]]
|Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| rowspan=2| {{INA}} || [[Garuda Indonesia]] || Ya || Mayoritas (69%)
| {{KWT}} || [[Kuwait Airways]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| [[Merpati Nusantara Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{LAO}} || [[Lao Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{IND}} || [[Air India]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{LVA}} || [[AirBaltic]]|| Mayoritas (80,05%)
|
|-
|-
| {{IRN}} || [[Iran Air]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{LBN}} || [[Middle East Airlines]]|| Mayoritas (99%)
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{LBY}} || [[Afriqiyah Airways]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-12-30|title=PICTURE: Afriqiyah Airways unveils new livery|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-afriqiyah-airways-unveils-new-livery-380455/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230195757/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-afriqiyah-airways-unveils-new-livery-380455/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| rowspan="2" |Milik negara
| {{IRQ}} || [[Iraqi Airways]] || Ya || Penuh
|
|-
|-
|[[Libyan Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-07-20|title=Libyan Airlines Takes Delivery of its First Airbus A330|url=http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=10387|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720004712/http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=10387|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{IRL}} || [[Aer Lingus]] || Ya || Minoritas (28%)
|
|-
|-
| {{ISR}} || [[El Al]] || Ya || Minoritas (30%)
| {{LUX}} || [[Luxair]]|| Mayoritas (73,86%)
|
|-
|-
| {{ITA}} || [[Alitalia|Alitalia - Compagnia Aerea Italiana]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{MDG}} || [[Air Madagascar]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{JAM}} || [[Air Jamaica]]|| Ya || Minoritas (14%)
| {{MAC}} || [[Air Macau]]|| Minoritas (5%)
|
|-
|-
| {{JPN}} || [[Japan Airlines]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{MDV}} || [[Maldivian]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{JOR}} || [[Royal Jordanian Airlines]] || Ya || Minoritas (19%)
| {{MWI}} || [[Malawian Airlines|Malawi Airlines]]|| Mayoritas (51%)
|
|-
|-
| {{MYS}} || [[Malaysia Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-12-31|title=Malaysia Airlines pursues rapid expansion but yields and profits are under pressure {{!}} CAPA - Centre for Aviation|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/malaysia-airlines-pursues-rapid-expansion-but-yields-and-profits-are-under-pressure-140403|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231094513/http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/malaysia-airlines-pursues-rapid-expansion-but-yields-and-profits-are-under-pressure-140403|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>||Milik negara (100%) melalui [[Khazanah Nasional]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Selected Portfolio of Companies|url=http://www.khazanah.com.my/getmedia/a65c8aef-1211-4919-823f-b4a2839bce76/31Dec2016_investment_structure.aspx|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2019-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218203801/http://www.khazanah.com.my/getmedia/a65c8aef-1211-4919-823f-b4a2839bce76/31Dec2016_investment_structure.aspx|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| {{KAZ}} || [[Air Astana]] || Ya || Mayoritas (51%)
|
|- |
| {{MLT}} || [[Air Malta]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{KEN}} || [[Kenya Airways]] || Ya ||
| {{MRT}} || [[Mauritania Airlines]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{KIR}} || [[Air Kiribati]] || Ya ||
| {{MUS}} || [[Air Mauritius]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{MEX}} || [[Aeroméxico]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-07|title=Aeromexico set to put first MAX into service {{!}} Airframes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airframes/aeromexico-set-put-first-max-service|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307151043/http://atwonline.com/airframes/aeromexico-set-put-first-max-service|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>||Tidak
| {{PRK}} || [[Air Koryo]] || Ya || Penuh
|Milik negara hingga 2007.
|-
|-
| {{KOR}} || [[Korean Air]] || Ya ||
| {{MAR}} || [[Royal Air Maroc]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
|{{EGY}}
| {{KOS}} || [[Kosova Airlines]] ||
|[[EgyptAir]]
|Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{KWT}} || [[Kuwait Airways]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{MDA}} || [[Air Moldova]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{KGZ}} || [[Kyrgyzstan Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{MNG}} || [[MIAT Mongolian Airlines]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LAO}} || [[Lao Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{MOZ}} || [[Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LVA}} || [[AirBaltic]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{MMR}} || [[Myanmar Airways International]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LBN}} || [[Middle East Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{NAM}} || [[Air Namibia]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LBR}} || [[Air Liberia]] || Ya ||
| {{NRU}} || [[Our Airline]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LBY}} || [[Libyan Arab Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{NPL}} || [[Nepal Airlines]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{LUX}} || [[Luxair]] || Ya || Minoritas
| {{OMN}} || [[Oman Air]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{MAC}} || [[Air Macau]] || Ya || Minoritas
| {{PAK}} || [[Pakistan International Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{MDG}} || [[Air Madagascar]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{PAN}} || [[Copa Airlines]]|| Tidak
|
|-
|-
|{{Flag|Pantai Gading}}
| {{MWI}} || [[Air Malawi]] || Ya || Penuh
|[[Air Côte d'Ivoire]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-20|title=Bombardier to sell eight Q400 NextGen aircraft to Palma Holding {{!}} Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/18/us-bombardier-deal-idUSBRE9AH0J920131118|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620181609/https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/18/us-bombardier-deal-idUSBRE9AH0J920131118|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|Minoritas (49%)
|
|-
|-
| {{MYS}} || [[Malaysia Airlines]] || Ya || Minoritas
| {{PNG}} || [[Air Niugini]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{MDV}} || [[Maldivian]] || Ya || penuh
| {{PRY}} || [[TAM Airlines (Paraguay)|LATAM Paraguay]]|| Minoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{MLI}} || [[Air Mali International]] || Ya || Tidak
| {{PER}} || [[LAN Peru|LATAM Perú]]|| Tidak
|-|
|
| {{MLT}} || [[Air Malta]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|-
|-
| {{POL}} || [[LOT Polish Airlines]]|| Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-12|title=LOT cancels flights, fires workers as week-long crew strike continues {{!}} Labor content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/labor/lot-cancels-flights-fires-workers-week-long-crew-strike-continues|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112014529/http://atwonline.com/labor/lot-cancels-flights-fires-workers-week-long-crew-strike-continues|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{MHL}} || [[Air Marshall Islands]] || Ya || Penuh
|
|-
|-
|{{PYF}}
| {{MTQ}} || [[Air Caraïbes]] || Ya || tidak
|[[Air Tahiti Nui]]
|Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{MRT}} || [[Mauritania Airways]] || || Minoritas
| {{PRT}} || [[TAP Portugal]]|| Mayoritas (72%)
|
|-
|-
|{{FRA}}
| {{MUS}} || [[Air Mauritius]] || Ya || Minoritas
|[[Air France]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-06-16|title=Air France KLM Group CEO resigns; Spinetta and Van Wijk return {{!}} ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airline-finance-data/news/2-4-air-france-klm-group-ceo-resigns-spinetta-van-wijk-return-photo-air-fr|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2012-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616080533/http://atwonline.com/airline-finance-data/news/2-4-air-france-klm-group-ceo-resigns-spinetta-van-wijk-return-photo-air-fr|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Minoritas (18%)<ref>{{Cite news|last=Landauro|first=Stacy Meichtry and Inti|date=2015-05-08|title=French Government Seeks Shareholder Power at Air France-KLM|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/french-government-seeks-shareholder-power-at-air-france-klm-1431097199|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| rowspan=2| {{MEX}} || [[Aeromexico]] || ||
| {{QAT}} || [[Qatar Airways]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
|{{COD}}
| [[Mexicana de Aviación|Mexicana]] || Ya ||
|[[Hewa Bora Airways]]
|
|
|-
|-
|{{COG}}
| {{MDA}} || [[Air Moldova]] || Ya ||
|[[Trans Air Congo]]
|
|
|-
|-
| {{MNG}} || [[MIAT Mongolian Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{REU}} || [[Air Austral]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{MNE}} || [[Montenegro Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{ROU}} || [[TAROM]]|| Mayoritas (95%)
|
|-
|-
|{{RUS}}
| {{MSR}} || [[Air Montserrat]] || ||
| [[Aeroflot]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-01-15|title=Aeroflot commits to another 20 Superjets - 1/15/2015 - Flight Global|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/aeroflot-commits-to-another-20-superjets-407938/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115191825/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/aeroflot-commits-to-another-20-superjets-407938/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> || Mayoritas (51%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-02|title=Aeroflot profits up on regional airlines turnaround {{!}} Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/02/russia-aeroflot-idUSL2N0JH07N20131202|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602032123/https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/02/russia-aeroflot-idUSL2N0JH07N20131202|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{MAR}} || [[Royal Air Maroc]] || Ya ||
| {{RWA}} || [[RwandAir]]||Milik negara
|
|-
|-
|{{Flag|Saint Vincent dan Grenadine}}
| {{MOZ}} || [[Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique]] || Ya ||
|[[SVG Air]]
|
|
|-
|-
| {{MMR}} || [[Myanmar Airways International]] || Ya || Ya
| {{WSM}} || [[Samoa Airways]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{NAM}} || [[Air Namibia]] || Ya ||
| {{STP}} || [[STP Airways]]||
|
|-
|-
|{{NZL}}
| {{NRU}} || [[Our Airline]] || Ya ||
|[[Air New Zealand]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-30|title=Air New Zealand boosts network to replace Virgin Australia alliance {{!}} Daily News content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/daily-news/air-new-zealand-boosts-network-replace-virgin-australia-alliance|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430131346/http://atwonline.com/daily-news/air-new-zealand-boosts-network-replace-virgin-australia-alliance|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Mayoritas (53%)
|Milik negara hingga 1989, sebagian direnasionalisasi pada 2001.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NZ Herald - Breaking news, latest news, business, sport and entertainment|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/|website=NZ Herald|language=en-NZ|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{NPL}} || [[Nepal Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{SEN}} || [[Air Senegal]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{SRB}} || [[Air Serbia]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-06|title=Air Serbia’s 2015 net profit up 44% {{!}} Data & Financials content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/data-financials/air-serbia-s-2015-net-profit-44|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506015444/http://atwonline.com/data-financials/air-serbia-s-2015-net-profit-44|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Mayoritas (51%)
| {{NLD}} || [[KLM]] || Ya || Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{ANT}} || [[Dutch Antilles Express]] || ||
| {{SYC}} || [[Air Seychelles]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{NCL}} || [[Aircalin]] || ||
| {{SLE}} || [[Sierra National Airlines]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{SIN}} || [[Singapore Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-01|title=Singapore Airlines in $20 million government-led tourism push {{!}} Finance & Data content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/finance-data/singapore-airlines-20-million-government-led-tourism-push|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801140447/http://atwonline.com/finance-data/singapore-airlines-20-million-government-led-tourism-push|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Mayoritas (54,5% melalui [[Temasek Holdings]])<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-08-02|title=UPDATE 2-Singapore Air Q1 net profit beats f'cast {{!}} Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSGE66P0EH20100726|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2010-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802043937/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSGE66P0EH20100726|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{NZL}} || [[Air New Zealand]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
|{{CYP}}
| {{NIC}} || [[Nicaragüense de Aviación|NICA]] (sekarang bagian dari [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]) || Ya ||
|[[Cyprus Airways]]
|Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{NGA}} || [[Nigerian Eagle Airlines]] || Ya || Tidak
|-
|-
| {{ESP}} || [[Iberia Airlines|Iberia]]|| Minoritas (5%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-09-29|title=Inicio - Iberia|url=http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/menuitem.5dcd178a7f0a73be19736c10d21061ca/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2011-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929031628/http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/menuitem.5dcd178a7f0a73be19736c10d21061ca/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{NFK}} || [[Norfolk Air]] || || Penuh
|
|-
|-
| {{LKA}} || [[SriLankan Airlines]]||
| {{NOR}} || [[Scandinavian Airlines System]] || Ya || Minoritas<ref name=three>[[Scandinavian Airlines System|SAS]] dimiki bersama oleh pemerintah [[Denmark]], [[Norwegia]] dan [[Swedia]], dan menjadi maskapai penerbangan nasional bagi ketiga negara.</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{OMN}} || [[Oman Air]] || Ya || Mayoritas (82.4%)
| {{SDN}} || [[Sudan Airways]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{SYR}} || [[Syrianair|Syrian Air]]|| Milik negara
| {{PAK}} || [[Pakistan International Airlines|Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)]] || Ya || Mayoritas (87%)
|
|-
|-
| {{PSE}} || [[Palestinian Airlines]] || || Penuh
| {{SUR}} || [[Surinam Airways]] ||
|
|-
|-
| {{SWE}} || [[Scandinavian Airlines System]] || Joint Venture<ref name="three">[[Scandinavian Airlines System|SAS]] dimiki bersama oleh pemerintah [[Denmark]], [[Norwegia]] dan [[Swedia]], dan menjadi maskapai penerbangan nasional bagi ketiga negara.</ref>
| {{PAN}} || [[Copa Airlines]] || Ya|| Tidak
|
|-
|-
| {{CHE}} || [[Swiss International Air Lines]] <ref name="four">setelah ditutup tahun 2002, maskapai nasional menjadi [[Swissair]]</ref>|| Tidak – dimiliki oleh [[Lufthansa]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-09-08|title=Corporate structure - Corporate Facts - Lufthansa Group|url=http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/fakten-zum-unternehmen/konzernstruktur.html|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2014-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908180314/http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/fakten-zum-unternehmen/konzernstruktur.html|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{PNG}} || [[Air Niugini]] || ||
|-
|
| {{PRY}} || [[TAM Airlines (Paraguay)]] (Bagian dari [[TAM Linhas Aéreas|TAM Airlines]]) || || Minoritas
|-
| {{PER}} || [[LAN Peru]] || || Tidak
|-
| {{PHL}} || [[Philippine Airlines]] || Ya || Joint Venture
|-
| {{POL}} || [[LOT Polish Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas (67.97%)<ref>{{cite web|date=2007|publisher=PLL LOT|url=http://www.lot.com/Portal/EN/aspx/Content_Ownership_Structure.aspx|title=LOT Corporate Information|accessdate=2007-10-01}}</ref>
|-
| {{PRT}} || [[TAP Portugal]] || Ya || Penuh <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flytap.com/World/en/Company/TAPGroup/ |title=TAP Portugal |publisher=Flytap.com |date= |accessdate=2009-05-22}}</ref>
|-
| {{QAT}} || [[Qatar Airways]] || Ya || 50%
|-
| {{REU}} || [[Air Austral]] || ||
|-
| {{ROU}} || [[TAROM]] || Ya || Mayoritas (95%)
|-
| rowspan=2|{{RUS}} || [[Rossiya Airlines|Rossiya]] || Ya || Penuh
|-
| [[Aeroflot]] || Ya || 51.17%
|-
| {{RWA}} || [[RwandAir]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{WSM}} || [[Polynesian Blue]] || Ya || 49%
|-
| {{SPM}} || [[Air Saint-Pierre]] || ||
|-
| {{STP}} || [[STP Airways]] || ||
|-
| {{SAU}} || [[Saudi Arabian Airlines]] || Ya|| Penuh
|-
| {{SEN}} || [[Air Sénégal International]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{SRB}} || [[Jat Airways]] || Ya || Penuh
|-
| {{SYC}} || [[Air Seychelles]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{SLE}} || [[Sierra National Airlines]] || Ya||
|-
| {{SIN}} || [[Singapore Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas (54%)
|-
| {{SVK}} || [[Air Slovakia]] || ||
|-
| {{SVN}} || [[Adria Airways]] || ||
|-
| {{SLB}} || [[Solomon Airlines]] || Ya ||
|-
|-
| {{ZAF}} || [[South African Airways]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{ESP}} || [[Iberia Airlines|Iberia]] || Ya || Minoritas (50%)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grupo.iberia.es/portal/site/grupoiberia/menuitem.5dcd178a7f0a73be19736c10d21061ca/ |title=Participaciones significativas - Iberia |publisher=Grupo.iberia.es |date= |accessdate=2009-05-22}}</ref>
|-
| {{LKA}} || [[SriLankan Airlines]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{SDN}} || [[Sudan Airways]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{SUR}} || [[Surinam Airways]] || Ya ||
|-
| {{SWE}} || [[Scandinavian Airlines System]] || Ya<ref name=three/> || Joint Venture<ref name=three/>
|-
| {{SWZ}} || [[Royal Swazi National Airways]] || ||
|-
| {{CHE}} || [[Swiss International Air Lines]] <ref name = four>setelah ditutup tahun 2002, maskapai nasional menjadi [[Swissair]]</ref>|| Ya || tidak
|-
| {{SYR}} || [[Syrianair|Syrian Air]] || Ya || penuh
|-
|-
| {{ROC}} ([[Taiwan]]) || [[China Airlines]]<ref name=CI>China Airlines menggunakan bendera taiwan hingga 1995.</ref> || Tidak || Mayoritas (54%)
| {{Flag|Taiwan}}|| [[China Airlines]]<ref name="CI">China Airlines menggunakan bendera taiwan hingga 1995.</ref>|| Tidak
|Milik negara hingga 1991.
|-
|-
| {{TJK}} || [[Tajik Air]] || Ya ||
| {{TJK}} || [[Tajik Air]]||
|
|-
|-
|{{CPV}}
| {{TZA}} || [[Air Tanzania]] || Ya ||
|[[TACV Cabo Verde Airlines|TACV]]
|
|
|-
|-
| {{THA}} || [[Thai Airways International]] || Ya || Mayoritas (53%)
| {{TZA}} || [[Air Tanzania]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{THA}} || [[Thai Airways International|Thai Airways]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-17|title=International airlines increase capacity, frequencies to Russia {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/international-airlines-increase-capacity-frequencies-russia|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-12-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161217145520/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/international-airlines-increase-capacity-frequencies-russia|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Mayoritas (47,86%)
| {{TGO}} || [[Air Togo]] || Ya ||
|
|-
|-
|{{CHN}}
| {{TTO}} || [[Caribbean Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
|[[Air China]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-04|title=Air China to take six more 777-300ERs|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/air-china-to-take-ix-more-777-300er-420600/|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304222631/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/air-china-to-take-ix-more-777-300er-420600/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Mayoritas (51,7%), di mana:<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-07|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.airchina.cn/en/investor_relations/images/financial_info_and_roadshow/2017/09/15/5F9AE0135410864FA40C084B04716EB9.pdf|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2017-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007221457/http://www.airchina.cn/en/investor_relations/images/financial_info_and_roadshow/2017/09/15/5F9AE0135410864FA40C084B04716EB9.pdf|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>

* 40,98% melalui CNAHC (100% milik negara)
* 10,72% melalui CNACG (100% dimiliki CNAHC)
|Milik negara hingga 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Air China Transfers Ownership from State-owned to Shareholding|url=http://business.highbeam.com/436093/article-1G1-122911302/air-china-transfers-ownership-stateowned-shareholding|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031182230/http://business.highbeam.com/436093/article-1G1-122911302/air-china-transfers-ownership-stateowned-shareholding|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{TUN}} || [[Tunisair]] || Ya ||
| {{TUN}} || [[Tunisair]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{TUR}} || [[Turkish Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-05-13|title=Turkish Airlines swings to net profit in 1Q {{!}} Finance & Data content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/finance-data/turkish-airlines-swings-net-profit-1q|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2015-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150513214531/http://atwonline.com/finance-data/turkish-airlines-swings-net-profit-1q|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>|| Minoritas (49%)
| {{TUR}} || [[Turkish Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{TKM}} || [[Turkmenistan Airlines]] || Ya ||
| {{Flag|Turkmenistan}}|| [[Turkmenistan Airlines]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{TCA}} || [[Air Turks and Caicos]] || Ya ||
| {{UGA}} || [[Air Uganda]]||
|
|-
|-
|{{UKR}} || [[Ukraine International Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-22|title=Ukraine International to double international network as Aerosvit restructures {{!}} CAPA - Centre for Aviation|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/ukraine-international-to-double-international-network-as-aerosvit-restructures-94105|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122001558/http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/ukraine-international-to-double-international-network-as-aerosvit-restructures-94105|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>||
| {{UGA}} || [[Air Uganda]] || Ya ||
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{ARE}} || [[Etihad Airways]]|| Milik negara<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaw-Smith|first=Peter|title=Etihad 'Slightly Ahead' in Plan to Return to Profitability|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2019-11-18/etihad-slightly-ahead-plan-return-profitability|website=Aviation International News|language=en|access-date=2021-11-11}}</ref>
| rowspan=2|{{UKR}} || [[Ukraine International Airlines]] || Ya || Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| [[Emirates Airline|Emirates]]|| Milik negara.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-03|title=Emirates and Dnata now under ICD {{!}} GulfNews.com|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/emirates-and-dnata-now-under-icd-1.47280|website=archive.ph|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2013-01-03|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103040416/http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/emirates-and-dnata-now-under-icd-1.47280|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| [[Aerosvit Airlines]] || Ya ||
|-
|
| rowspan="4"|{{ARE}} || [[Etihad Airways]] || Ya || Ya<ref name=seven>UAE: [[Etihad Airways]] dimiliki oleh pemerintah [[Abu Dhabi]], salah satu bagian dari [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]].</ref>
|-
| [[Emirates Airline|Emirates]] || Ya || Ya<ref name=eight>UAE: [[Emirates Airline]] dimilik oelh pemerintah [[Dubai]], bagian dari [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]].</ref>
|-
| [[Air Arabia]] || Ya || Minoritas (45%)<ref name=nine>UAE: [[Air Arabia]] sebagian dimiliki oleh pemerintah [[Sharjah (emirate)|Sharjah]], bagian dari [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]].</ref>
|-
| [[RAK Airways]] || ya ||
|-
| {{GBR}} || [[British Airways]] || Ya || Tidak <ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/danair-swallowed-up-by-ba-rivals-say-competition-and-choice-will-be-cut-by-takeover-that-will-axe-1900-jobs-1559258.html</ref>
<!-- The U.S. does not have a flag carrier.
<!-- The U.S. does not have a flag carrier.
Pan American was only claimed to be a flag carrier because of an ad campaign slogan.
Pan American was only claimed to be a flag carrier because of an ad campaign slogan.
Baris 407: Baris 549:
Thank you for not changing this. -->
Thank you for not changing this. -->
|-
|-
| {{URY}} || [[PLUNA]] || Ya || Minoritas (25%)
| {{UZB}} || [[Uzbekistan Airways]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
| {{UZB}} || [[Uzbekistan Airways]] || Ya || Mayoritas
| {{VUT}} || [[Air Vanuatu]]||
|
|-
|-
| {{VUT}} || [[Air Vanuatu]] || Ya ||
| {{VEN}} || [[Conviasa]]|| Milik negara
|
|-
|-
| {{VNM}} || [[Vietnam Airlines]]|| Mayoritas (82,6%)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-19|title=Vietnam Airlines continues to dominate international market {{!}} Airports & Routes content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/vietnam-airlines-continues-dominate-international-market|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2018-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419070132/http://atwonline.com/airports-routes/vietnam-airlines-continues-dominate-international-market|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
| {{VEN}} || [[Conviasa]] || Ya || Penuh
|
|-
|-
| {{VNM}} || [[Vietnam Airlines]] || Ya || Penuh
| {{YEM}} || [[Yemenia]]|| Mayoritas
|
|-
|-
|{{JOR}}
| {{YEM}} || [[Yemenia]] || Ya ||
|[[Royal Jordanian Airlines]]
|
|
|-
|-
|{{GRC}}
| {{ZWE}} || [[Air Zimbabwe]] || Ya ||
|[[Aegean Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-28|title=Aegean 1Q losses widen as it invests in capacity {{!}} Data & Financials content from ATWOnline|url=http://atwonline.com/data-financials/aegean-1q-losses-widen-it-invests-capacity|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-11-11|archive-date=2016-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528010602/http://atwonline.com/data-financials/aegean-1q-losses-widen-it-invests-capacity|dead-url=unfit}}</ref>
|Tidak
|
|-
| {{ZWE}} || [[Air Zimbabwe]]|| Milik negara
|
|}
|}

== Lihat pula ==

* [[Daftar maskapai penerbangan bertarif rendah]]
* [[Daftar maskapai penerbangan sewaan]]


== Referensi ==
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{refs|2}}


== Pranala Luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.iata.org International Air Transport Association] Organisation formerly responsible for managing air services agreements and international fares.
* [http://www.iata.org International Air Transport Association] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104081606/http://www1.iata.org/ |date=2012-01-04 }}.
* [http://www.marad.dot.gov/ships_shipping_landing_page/cargo_preference/cargo_us_flag_services/U_S_Flag_Services.htm US Maritime Administration]
* [http://www.marad.dot.gov/ships_shipping_landing_page/cargo_preference/cargo_us_flag_services/U_S_Flag_Services.htm US Maritime Administration] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813161459/http://www.marad.dot.gov/ships_shipping_landing_page/cargo_preference/cargo_us_flag_services/U_S_Flag_Services.htm |date=2012-08-13 }}


[[Kategori:Istilah penerbangan]]
[[Kategori:Istilah penerbangan]]

[[et:Rahvuslike lennukompaniide loend]]
[[fi:Luettelo kansallisista lentoyhtiöistä]]
[[it:Lista di compagnie aeree di bandiera]]

Revisi terkini sejak 8 April 2023 02.09

Maskapai penerbangan nasional adalah sebuah perusahaan transportasi udara yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah sebagai wujud pemenuhan perhubungan negara di dalam suatu negara yang diregistrasikan di dalam negara tersebut.

Setiap negara hampir memiliki maskapai dengan bentukkan lewat pemerintah, tetapi Amerika Serikat adalah satu-satunya negara di dunia yang melarang adanya flag carrier karena aturan anti keistimewaan yang ketat. Saat ini, negara tersebut memiliki 2 maskapai internasional saja, setelah mengalami berbagai akuisisi dan likuidasi, seperti: American Airlines, Delta Air Lines dan United Airlines; yang memiliki fungsi mirip dengan flag carrier negara lain.

Latar belakang[sunting | sunting sumber]

Setelah Perang Dunia II, banyak negara yang merdeka mendirikan maskapai penerbangan sebagai perwujudan titik awal negara dalam merencanakan pembangunan setelah negara tersebut hancur akibat perang. Dalam status kepemilikannya, Pemerintah menjadi pemilik utama perusahaan karena besarnya jumlah modal yang diberikan dan dikucurkan kepada dewan operasional manajemen tersebut. Sementara itu, setelah pembentukkan maskapai sudah diselesaikan, regulasi yang ketat mengenai sistem perindustrian maskapai penerbangan juga membuat pemerintah harus melakukan campur tangan untuk melakukan negosiasi dengan negara lain agar maskapai mendapat izin untuk masuk kedalam daerah tersebut. Kemudian, kerjasama yang berwal dari satu aspek, berkembang menjadi multi aspek. Sehingga, perjanjian bilateral harus dibentuk sebagai wujud komitmen kedua negara untuk memajukan perekonomian kedua negara, terutama maskapai penerbangan. Biasanya, negara-negara tersebut mendirikan flag carrier untuk alasan nasionalisme dan untuk membantu keuangan negara, terutama di daerah wisata.[butuh rujukan]

Dalam banyak kejadian yang berbeda dengan motif yang sama, pemerintah memberikan suntikan dana secara langsung kepada maskapai penerbangan nasional mereka, umumnya akibat banyaknya kerugian yang terus menerus terjadi atau medekati kebangkrutan (Seperti Malaysia Airlines, maskapai ini beberapa kali mendapat suntikan dana selama kurun waktu 11 Tahun dari pemerintah mereka dengan jumlah suntikan lebih dari US$ 17 Miliar akibat pelarangan maskapai untuk menaikkan harga terkait program "Visit Malaysia" yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan turis ini dinilai terlalu merugikan, karena jumlah rute yang ada dengan armada yang ada kalah jumlah dengan datangnya maskapai LCC). Sementara itu, pendirian maskapai lokal yang (memiliki kemungkinan) menjadi pesaing kadang kala dilarang langsung beroperasi secara terbuka, atau mendapat aturan ketat untuk mencegah persaingan langsung. Saat ini, maskapai swasta secara terbuka diijinkan untuk berdiri, tetapi maskapai penerbangan nasional masih menjadi prioritas pemerintah, terutama dalam pembagian perencanaan koridor rute area nasional dan internasional.

Dalam dekade terakhir, banyak maskapai tersebut menjadi perusahaan terbuka privatisasi. Regulator Industri (Dalam hal ini, Departemen Perhubungan Negara) juga secara bertahap melonggarkan peraturannya seiring terbukanya persaingan ekonomi, terutama di Amerika Serikat dan Uni Eropa.[butuh rujukan]

Daftar maskapai penerbangan nasional[sunting | sunting sumber]

Negara Maskapai Status kepemilikan negara Catatan
 Afganistan Ariana Afghan Airlines[1] Mayoritas[2]
 Afrika Selatan South African Airways Milik negara
 Albania Air Albania[3]
 Aljazair Air Algérie Milik negara[4]
 Angola TAAG Angola Airlines Mayoritas[5]
 Arab Saudi Saudia Mayoritas
 Argentina Aerolíneas Argentinas Milik negara
 Armenia Armavia Tidak
 Australia Qantas [6] Tidak Milik negara hingga 1992.[7]
Virgin Australia[8] Minoritas[9]
 Austria Austrian Airlines Tidak – dimiliki oleh Lufthansa Milik negara hingga 2008.[10]
 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Airlines
 Bahama Bahamasair Milik negara
 Bahrain Gulf Air Milik negara
 Bangladesh Biman Bangladesh Airlines Perusahaan terbatas publik Milik negara hingga 2007.
 Barbados LIAT Tidak
 Belanda KLM[11] Minoritas (14%)[12]
 Belarus Belavia Milik negara
 Belgia Brussels Airlines Tidak – dimiliki oleh Lufthansa[13]
 Belize Maya Island Air Tidak
 Benin Benin Golf Air Tidak
 Bhutan Drukair Tidak
 Bolivia Boliviana de Aviación[14] Milik negara[15]
 Botswana Air Botswana Milik negara
 Brasil LATAM Brazil[16]
 Britania Raya British Airways Tidak[17] Milik negara hingga 1987.[18]
 Brunei Royal Brunei Airlines Milik negara
 Bulgaria Bulgaria Air Minoritas Milik Negara (0,01%)[19]
 Burkina Faso Air Burkina Mayoritas
 Burundi Air Burundi Milik negara
 Ceko Czech Airlines Tidak[20]
 Chad Tchadia Airlines[21] Mayoritas (51%)[22]
 Chili LATAM Chili Tidak Milik negara hingga 1989.[23]
 Denmark Scandinavian Airlines[24] Joint venture
 Norwegia
 Swedia
 Ekuador TAME
 Eritrea Eritrean Airlines Milik negara
 Estonia Nordica[25] Milik negara[26]
 Eswatini Eswatini Airlink Joint venture
 Ethiopia Ethiopian Airlines Milik negara
 Fiji Fiji Airways Mayoritas (51%)
 Filipina Philippine Airlines[27]
 Finlandia Finnair Mayoritas (55,8%)[28]
 Georgia Georgian Airways
 Greenland Air Greenland
 Guatemala Avianca Guatemala
 Guernsey Aurigny Air Services Milik negara
 Guinea Khatulistiwa CEIBA Intercontinental[29]
 Guyana Caribbean Airlines Tidak
 Jamaika Minoritas (16%)
 Trinidad dan Tobago Mayoritas (84%)
 Hong Kong Cathay Pacific Minoritas (6,08% oleh Pemerintah Hong Kong)[30]

Minoritas (16,03% oleh Pemerintah Tiongkok)

 India Air India[31] Tidak – dimiliki oleh Tata Group[32] Milik negara hingga November 2021.[33]
 Indonesia Garuda Indonesia[34] Mayoritas (60,536%)[35] Milik negara hingga 2011.[36]
 Iran Iran Air Milik negara
 Irak Iraqi Airways
 Irlandia Aer Lingus Tidak – dimiliki oleh IAG Milik negara hingga September 2006.[37]
 Israel El Al Minoritas (~1,1%)[38] Milik negara hingga Juni 2004.
 Islandia Icelandair Tidak – dimiliki oleh Icelandair Group[39]
 Italia ITA Airways[40] Milik negara, menggantikan Alitalia mulai 15 Oktober 2021[41]
 Jepang Japan Airlines[42] Tidak Milik negara hingga 1987.[43]
 Jerman Lufthansa[44] Minoritas (20,05%) dari Lufthansa Group[45] Milik negara hingga 1994.[46]
 Jibuti Air Djibouti[47] Joint venture
 Kamboja Cambodia Angkor Air Mayoritas (51%)[48]
 Kamerun Camair-Co[49] Milik negara[50]
 Kanada Air Canada Minoritas milik negara (estimasi 6,4%)[51] Milik negara hingga 1989.[52]
 Kazakhstan Air Astana Mayoritas (51%)
 Kenya Kenya Airways Minoritas (29,8%)
 Kepulauan Cayman Cayman Airways
 Kepulauan Faroe Atlantic Airways
 Kepulauan Solomon Solomon Airlines
 Kirgizstan Air Kyrgyzstan Milik negara
 Kiribati Air Kiribati
 Kolombia Avianca Tidak
 Korea Selatan Korean Air[53] Tidak[54]
 Korea Utara Air Koryo Milik negara[55]
 Kroasia Croatia Airlines Mayoritas (98%)
 Kuba Cubana de Aviación Milik negara
 Kuwait Kuwait Airways Milik negara
 Laos Lao Airlines Milik negara
 Latvia AirBaltic Mayoritas (80,05%)
 Lebanon Middle East Airlines Mayoritas (99%)
 Libya Afriqiyah Airways[56] Milik negara
Libyan Airlines[57]
 Luksemburg Luxair Mayoritas (73,86%)
 Madagaskar Air Madagascar Mayoritas
 Makau Air Macau Minoritas (5%)
 Maladewa Maldivian
 Malawi Malawi Airlines Mayoritas (51%)
 Malaysia Malaysia Airlines[58] Milik negara (100%) melalui Khazanah Nasional[59]
 Malta Air Malta Mayoritas
 Mauritania Mauritania Airlines
 Mauritius Air Mauritius
 Meksiko Aeroméxico[60] Tidak Milik negara hingga 2007.
 Maroko Royal Air Maroc Milik negara
 Mesir EgyptAir Milik negara
 Moldova Air Moldova
 Mongolia MIAT Mongolian Airlines Milik negara
 Mozambik Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique Milik negara
 Myanmar Myanmar Airways International Milik negara
 Namibia Air Namibia Milik negara
 Nauru Our Airline Milik negara
   Nepal Nepal Airlines Milik negara
 Oman Oman Air Mayoritas
 Pakistan Pakistan International Airlines Milik negara
 Panama Copa Airlines Tidak
 Pantai Gading Air Côte d'Ivoire[61] Minoritas (49%)
 Papua Nugini Air Niugini
 Paraguay LATAM Paraguay Minoritas
 Peru LATAM Perú Tidak
 Polandia LOT Polish Airlines Milik negara[62]
 Polinesia Prancis Air Tahiti Nui Mayoritas
 Portugal TAP Portugal Mayoritas (72%)
 Prancis Air France[63] Minoritas (18%)[64]
 Qatar Qatar Airways Milik negara
 Republik Demokratik Kongo Hewa Bora Airways
 Republik Kongo Trans Air Congo
 Réunion Air Austral
 Rumania TAROM Mayoritas (95%)
 Rusia Aeroflot[65] Mayoritas (51%)[66]
 Rwanda RwandAir Milik negara
 Saint Vincent dan Grenadine SVG Air
 Samoa Samoa Airways Milik negara
 Sao Tome dan Principe STP Airways
 Selandia Baru Air New Zealand[67] Mayoritas (53%) Milik negara hingga 1989, sebagian direnasionalisasi pada 2001.[68]
 Senegal Air Senegal
 Serbia Air Serbia[69] Mayoritas (51%)
 Seychelles Air Seychelles
 Sierra Leone Sierra National Airlines
 Singapura Singapore Airlines[70] Mayoritas (54,5% melalui Temasek Holdings)[71]
 Siprus Cyprus Airways Mayoritas
 Spanyol Iberia Minoritas (5%)[72]
 Sri Lanka SriLankan Airlines
 Sudan Sudan Airways
 Suriah Syrian Air Milik negara
 Suriname Surinam Airways
 Swedia Scandinavian Airlines System Joint Venture[73]
 Swiss Swiss International Air Lines [74] Tidak – dimiliki oleh Lufthansa[75]
 Taiwan China Airlines[76] Tidak Milik negara hingga 1991.
 Tajikistan Tajik Air
 Tanjung Verde TACV
 Tanzania Air Tanzania
 Thailand Thai Airways[77] Mayoritas (47,86%)
 Tiongkok Air China[78] Mayoritas (51,7%), di mana:[79]
  • 40,98% melalui CNAHC (100% milik negara)
  • 10,72% melalui CNACG (100% dimiliki CNAHC)
 Milik negara hingga 2004.[80]
 Tunisia Tunisair
 Turki Turkish Airlines[81] Minoritas (49%)
 Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Airlines Milik negara
 Uganda Air Uganda
 Ukraina Ukraine International Airlines[82]
 Uni Emirat Arab Etihad Airways Milik negara[83]
Emirates Milik negara.[84]
 Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Airways Mayoritas
 Vanuatu Air Vanuatu
 Venezuela Conviasa Milik negara
 Vietnam Vietnam Airlines Mayoritas (82,6%)[85]
 Yaman Yemenia Mayoritas
 Yordania Royal Jordanian Airlines
 Yunani Aegean Airlines[86] Tidak
 Zimbabwe Air Zimbabwe Milik negara

Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

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