Lompat ke isi

Ekonomi Arab Saudi: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
RusdianaDablang (bicara | kontrib)
6.983 suntingan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
k pembersihan kosmetika dasar
 
(11 revisi perantara oleh 7 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 10: Baris 10:
|gdp = $1.679 trilliun GDP (PPP)|14th]])
|gdp = $1.679 trilliun GDP (PPP)|14th]])
$752.500 milyar (nominal; [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|19th]])<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=&pr.x=84&pr.y=17 |title=Saudi Arabia|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref>
$752.500 milyar (nominal; [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|19th]])<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=&pr.x=84&pr.y=17 |title=Saudi Arabia|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|growth = 5.5% (2016)<ref name=cdsi>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english|title=Central department of statistics and information (Saudi Arabia)}}</ref>
|growth = 5.5% (2016)<ref name=cdsi>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english|title=Central department of statistics and information (Saudi Arabia)|access-date=2016-07-11|archive-date=2012-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919225542/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|per capita = $55,400 (2015.) (PPP; [[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|10th]])<ref name=imf2/>
|per capita = $55,400 (2015.) (PPP; [[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|10th]])<ref name=imf2/>
|sectors = Pertanian: 3.2%; industri: 60.4%; jasa: 36.4% (2009 )
|sectors = Pertanian: 3.2%; industri: 60.4%; jasa: 36.4% (2009 )
Baris 19: Baris 19:
|labor = 7.63 juta (2009 ) note: about 80% of the labor force is non-national
|labor = 7.63 juta (2009 ) note: about 80% of the labor force is non-national
|occupations = Pertanian: 6.7%; industri: 21.4%; Jasa: 71.9% (2005 )
|occupations = Pertanian: 6.7%; industri: 21.4%; Jasa: 71.9% (2005 )
|unemployment = 11.4% (2014)<ref name=" CIA ">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html</ref>
|unemployment = 11.4% (2014)<ref name=" CIA ">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2016-07-11 |archive-date=2019-01-06 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75DFkCF8p?url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|edbr = 82nd<ref name=" World Bank and International Financial Corporation ">{{cite web|url= http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/saudi-arabia/|title= Doing Business in Saudi Arabia 2013|publisher=[[World Bank]]|accessdate=22 October 2012}}</ref>
|edbr = 82nd<ref name=" World Bank and International Financial Corporation ">{{cite web|url= http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/saudi-arabia/|title= Doing Business in Saudi Arabia 2013|publisher=[[World Bank]]|accessdate=22 October 2012}}</ref>
|industries = Produksi minyak bumi, petroleum, amoniak, industri gas, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), semen, plastik, baja, galangan kapal dan pesawat komersil, konstruksi
|industries = Produksi minyak bumi, petroleum, amoniak, industri gas, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), semen, plastik, baja, galangan kapal dan pesawat komersil, konstruksi
|exports = $224.6 milyar (2015 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2078.html#sa |title=2012 Exports figures of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|exports = $224.6 milyar (2015 )<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2078.html#sa |title=2012 Exports figures of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29 |archive-date=2012-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504222805/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2078.html#sa |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|export-goods = petroleum and petroleum products 90%<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2049.html#sa |title=2012 Exports products of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|export-goods = petroleum and petroleum products 90%<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2049.html#sa |title=2012 Exports products of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29 |archive-date=2015-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626172345/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2049.html#sa |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|export-partners = {{flag|Amerika Serikat}} 14.3% <br> {{flag|Tiongkok}} 13.7% <br> {{flag|Jepang}} 13.7% <br> {{flag|Korea Selatan}} 9.9% <br> {{flag|India}} 8.2% <br> {{flag|Singapura}} 4.3% (2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#sa|title=Export Partners of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2012|accessdate=2013-07-22}}</ref>
|export-partners = {{flag|Amerika Serikat}} 14.3% <br> {{flag|Tiongkok}} 13.7% <br> {{flag|Jepang}} 13.7% <br> {{flag|Korea Selatan}} 9.9% <br> {{flag|India}} 8.2% <br> {{flag|Singapura}} 4.3% (2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#sa|title=Export Partners of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2012|accessdate=2013-07-22|archive-date=2018-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915000416/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#sa|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|imports = $136.8 milyar (2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2087.html#sa |title=Import figures of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012|accessdate=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|imports = $136.8 milyar (2012 )<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2087.html#sa |title=Import figures of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29 |archive-date=2015-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030164604/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2087.html#sa |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|import-goods = machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2058.html#sa|title=Import products of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|import-goods = machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2058.html#sa |title=Import products of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29 |archive-date=2018-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005060619/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2058.html#sa |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|import-partners = {{flag|Tiongkok}} 13.5% <br> {{flag|Amerika Serikat}} 13.2% <br> {{flag|Korea Selatan}} 6.7% <br> {{flag|Jerman}} 6.5% <br> {{flag|India}} 6.3% <br> {{flag|Jepang}} 6.0% (2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#sa|title=Import Partners of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2012|accessdate=2013-07-22}}</ref>
|import-partners = {{flag|Tiongkok}} 13.5% <br> {{flag|Amerika Serikat}} 13.2% <br> {{flag|Korea Selatan}} 6.7% <br> {{flag|Jerman}} 6.5% <br> {{flag|India}} 6.3% <br> {{flag|Jepang}} 6.0% (2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#sa|title=Import Partners of Saudi Arabia|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2012|accessdate=2013-07-22|archive-date=2016-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813074717/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#sa|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|gross external debt = $127.4 milyar (31 December 2012 )<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2079.html#sa|title=External debt of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|gross external debt = $127.4 milyar (31 December 2012 )<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2079.html#sa |title=External debt of Saudi Arabia |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2012 |accessdate=2013-04-29 |archive-date=2015-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209003243/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2079.html#sa |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|debt = 9.4% of GDP (2009 )
|debt = 9.4% of GDP (2009 )
|revenue = $162 milyar (2015 )<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.wsj.com/articles/saudi-arabia-announces-2016-budget-1451312691}}</ref>
|revenue = $162 milyar (2015 )<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.wsj.com/articles/saudi-arabia-announces-2016-budget-1451312691}}</ref>
Baris 39: Baris 39:
}}
}}


'''[[Arab Saudi]]''' memiliki ladang [[minyak]]-yang melatar belakangi '''[[ekonomi]]''' dengan pengawasan yang ketat dari pihak pemerintah dari segala aktivitas perekonomian. Arab Saudi setidaknya memproses 18%<ref name="autogenerated1995">{{cite web|url=http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/169.htm |title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=OPEC |date=1995-01-01 |accessdate=2012-09-28}}</ref> kebutuhan petroleum dunia, mendapat gelar sebagai eksportir petroleum terbesar di dunia, dan memainkan peranan sebagai ketua [[OPEC]] untuk beberapa tahun.<ref>[http://www.npr.org/2011/06/08/137065443/opec-decides-not-to-increase-
'''Ekonomi Arab Saudi''' didukung oleh keberadaan [[ladang minyak]] dengan pengawasan yang ketat dari pihak [[pemerintah]] dari segala aktivitas [[Ekonomi|perekonomian]]. Arab Saudi setidaknya memproses 18% [[kebutuhan]] minyak bumi [[dunia]],<ref name="autogenerated1995">{{cite web|url=http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/169.htm |title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=OPEC |date=1995-01-01 |accessdate=2012-09-28}}</ref> sehingga mendapat julukan sebagai [[pengekspor]] minyak bumi terbesar di dunia, dan memainkan peranan sebagai ketua [[Organisasi Negara-Negara Pengekspor Minyak Bumi]] untuk beberapa [[tahun]].<ref>[http://www.npr.org/2011/06/08/137065443/opec-decides-not-to-increase- oil-production "OPEC Decides Not To Increase oil Production"], Jeff Brady. NPR. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2011</ref> Sektor minyak bumi juga merupakan penyumbang terbesar untuk [[pendapatan nasional]] Arab Saudi.<ref name="sama.gov.sa">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sama.gov.sa/sites/samaen/ReportsStatistics/ReportsStatisticsLib/5600_R_Annual_En_48_2013_02_19.pdf |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2016-07-11 |archive-date=2013-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616023318/http://www.sama.gov.sa/sites/samaen/ReportsStatistics/ReportsStatisticsLib/5600_R_Annual_En_48_2013_02_19.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
oil-production "OPEC Decides Not To Increase oil Production"], Jeff Brady. NPR. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2011</ref>
Sektor [[petroleum]] juga merupakan penyumbang untuk pendapatan negara Saudi yang terbesar.<ref name="sama.gov.sa">http://www.sama.gov.sa/sites/samaen/ReportsStatistics/ReportsStatisticsLib/5600_R_Annual_En_48_2013_02_19.pdf</ref>


==Referensi==
== Lihat pula ==
⚫
* [[Pekerja asing di Arab Saudi]]

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Topik Asia|Ekonomi}}
{{Topik Asia|Ekonomi}}
{{OPEC}}
{{OPEC}}

⚫
[[Category: Ekonomi Arab Saudi]]
[[Category: Ekonomi menurut negara]]
[[Kategori:Ekonomi Arab Saudi| ]]


{{Ekonomi-stub}}

Revisi terkini sejak 4 Februari 2023 12.36

Ekonomi Saudi Arabia
Riyadh dengan latar belakang Kingdom Centre
Mata uangSaudi Riyal (hal'l, SR)
Tahun fiskalTahun kalender
Organisasi perdaganganWTO, OPEC, G-20 major economies, BIS, ICS, IOS, WCO, GCC, World Bank IMF
Statistik
PDB$1.679 trilliun GDP (PPP)
Pertumbuhan PDB5.5% (2016)[1]
PDB per kapita$55,400 (2015.) (PPP; 10th)[2]
PDB per sektorPertanian: 3.2%; industri: 60.4%; jasa: 36.4% (2009 )
Inflasi (IHK)100% (2014)[1]
Angkatan kerja7.63 juta (2009 ) note: about 80% of the labor force is non-national
Angkatan kerja
berdasarkan sektor		Pertanian: 6.7%; industri: 21.4%; Jasa: 71.9% (2005 )
Pengangguran11.4% (2014)[3]
Industri utamaProduksi minyak bumi, petroleum, amoniak, industri gas, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), semen, plastik, baja, galangan kapal dan pesawat komersil, konstruksi
Peringkat kemudahan melakukan bisnis82nd[4]
Eksternal
Ekspor$224.6 milyar (2015 )[5]
Komoditas eksporpetroleum and petroleum products 90%[6]
Tujuan ekspor utama Amerika Serikat 14.3%
 Tiongkok 13.7%
 Jepang 13.7%
 Korea Selatan 9.9%
 India 8.2%
 Singapura 4.3% (2012 )[7]
Impor$136.8 milyar (2012 )[8]
Komoditas impormachinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles[9]
Negara asal impor utama Tiongkok 13.5%
 Amerika Serikat 13.2%
 Korea Selatan 6.7%
 Jerman 6.5%
 India 6.3%
 Jepang 6.0% (2012 )[10]
Utang kotor luar negeri$127.4 milyar (31 December 2012 )[11]
Pembiayaan publik
Utang publik9.4% of GDP (2009 )
Pendapatan$162 milyar (2015 )[12]
Beban$260 milyar (2015 )
Bantuan ekonomi(Donor) $100 juta di 1993 ke Lebanon; sejak 2000, Arab Saudi mengirim $307 juta ke Palestina; $240 juta ke Afghanistan
Peringkat utangStandard & Poor's:[13]
AA- (Domestic)
AA- (Foreign)
AA+ (T&C Assessment)
Outlook: Stable[14]
Moody's:[14]
Aa3
Outlook: Stable
Fitch:[14]
AA-
Outlook: Stable
Sumber data utama: CIA World Fact Book

Ekonomi Arab Saudi didukung oleh keberadaan ladang minyak dengan pengawasan yang ketat dari pihak pemerintah dari segala aktivitas perekonomian. Arab Saudi setidaknya memproses 18% kebutuhan minyak bumi dunia,[15] sehingga mendapat julukan sebagai pengekspor minyak bumi terbesar di dunia, dan memainkan peranan sebagai ketua Organisasi Negara-Negara Pengekspor Minyak Bumi untuk beberapa tahun.[16] Sektor minyak bumi juga merupakan penyumbang terbesar untuk pendapatan nasional Arab Saudi.[17]

Lihat pula

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ a b "Central department of statistics and information (Saudi Arabia)". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-19. Diakses tanggal 2016-07-11. 
  2. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama imf2
  3. ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-01-06. Diakses tanggal 2016-07-11. 
  4. ^ "Doing Business in Saudi Arabia 2013". World Bank. Diakses tanggal 22 October 2012. 
  5. ^ "2012 Exports figures of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-04. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-29. 
  6. ^ "2012 Exports products of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-06-26. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-29. 
  7. ^ "Export Partners of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-09-15. Diakses tanggal 2013-07-22. 
  8. ^ "Import figures of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-10-30. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-29. 
  9. ^ "Import products of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-10-05. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-29. 
  10. ^ "Import Partners of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-13. Diakses tanggal 2013-07-22. 
  11. ^ "External debt of Saudi Arabia". CIA World Factbook. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-12-09. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-29. 
  12. ^ http://www.wsj.com/articles/saudi-arabia-announces-2016-budget-1451312691.  Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)
  13. ^ "Sovereigns rating list". Standard & Poor's. Diakses tanggal 26 May 2011. 
  14. ^ a b c Rogers, Simon; Sedghi, Ami (15 April 2011). "How Fitch, Moody's and S&P rate each country's credit rating". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal 28 May 2011. 
  15. ^ "Saudi Arabia". OPEC. 1995-01-01. Diakses tanggal 2012-09-28. 
  16. ^ oil-production "OPEC Decides Not To Increase oil Production", Jeff Brady. NPR. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2011
  17. ^ "Salinan arsip" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-06-16. Diakses tanggal 2016-07-11. 


Ikon rintisan

Artikel bertopik ekonomi ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=Ekonomi_Arab_Saudi&oldid=22855751"