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'''Parler''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɑːr|l|ər}}, {{respell|PAR|ler}}) adalah sebuah layanan [[jejaring sosial]] dan [[mikroblog]] Amerika Serikat yang diluncurkan pada Agustus 2018. Parler memiliki basis pengguna signifikan dari [[Trumpisme|para pendukung Donald Trump]], [[konservatisme di Amerika Serikat|konservatif]], penggemar [[teori konspirasi]], dan ekstrimis [[politik sayap kanan|sayap kanan]].<ref name="Reuters" /><ref name="BBC-2020-11-09">{{Cite news|last=Sardarizadeh|first=Shayan|date=November 9, 2020|title=Parler 'free speech' app tops charts in wake of Trump defeat|language=en-GB|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-54873800|url-status=live|access-date=November 10, 2020|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109235624/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-54873800}}</ref><ref name="ADL-2020-11">{{Cite web|date=November 12, 2020|title=Parler: Where the Mainstream Mingles with the Extreme|url=https://www.adl.org/blog/parler-where-the-mainstream-mingles-with-the-extreme|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212320/https://www.adl.org/blog/parler-where-the-mainstream-mingles-with-the-extreme|archive-date=November 14, 2020|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=[[Anti-Defamation League]]|language=en}}</ref><ref name="forward" /> Pos-pos pada layanan tersebut seringkali berisi konten [[politik sayap kanan jauh|sayap kanan jauh]],{{refn|name="far-right-posts"|<ref name="forward" /><ref name="newstatesman" /><ref name="bulwark">{{Cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Tim|last2=Yoest|first2=Hannah|date=June 26, 2020|title=The Gross Hellscape That Awaits Ted Cruz on Parler|url=https://thebulwark.com/the-gross-hellscape-that-awaits-ted-cruz-on-parler/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109130353/https://thebulwark.com/the-gross-hellscape-that-awaits-ted-cruz-on-parler/|archive-date=November 9, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020|website=[[The Bulwark]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Silverman-HoustonChronicle">{{Cite web|last=Silverman|first=Dwight|date=November 12, 2020|title=5 things to know about Parler, the right-wing-friendly social network|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/techburger/article/5-things-to-know-about-Parler-the-15720637.php|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212319/https://www.houstonchronicle.com/techburger/article/5-things-to-know-about-Parler-the-15720637.php|archive-date=November 14, 2020|access-date=November 12, 2020|website=[[The Houston Chronicle]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="independent 2020-06-25"/>}} [[antisemitisme]],{{refn|name="antisemitic-posts"|<ref name="isaac-NYT">{{Cite news|last1=Isaac|first1=Mike|last2=Browning|first2=Kellen|date=November 11, 2020|title=Fact-Checked on Facebook and Twitter, Conservatives Switch Their Apps|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/technology/parler-rumble-newsmax.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 13, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=November 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212319/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/technology/parler-rumble-newsmax.html}}</ref><ref name="ADL-2020-11"/><ref name="forward" /><ref name="independent 2020-06-25">{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Adam|date=June 22, 2020|title=What is the right-wing Parler app that MPs and celebrities are joining?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/parler-app-mps-right-wing-twitter-katie-hopkins-a9579241.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630124918/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/parler-app-mps-right-wing-twitter-katie-hopkins-a9579241.html|archive-date=June 30, 2020|access-date=August 4, 2020|website=[[The Independent]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/12/06/social-media-app-parlers-free-speech-focus-draws-conservatives-and-violent-extremists-experts-say/ |title=Social Media App Parler's 'Free Speech' Focus Draws Conservatives — And Violent Extremists, Experts Say |website=[[KXJZ]] |date=December 6, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020 |first=Bert |last=Johnson}}</ref><ref name="newstatesman" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=July 8, 2020|title=A conservative social network that 'rejects fact checkers' gains ground in the US|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/080720/no-nipples-or-penises-but-lies-stay-erect-on-this-conservative-social.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 7, 2020|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107180459/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/080720/no-nipples-or-penises-but-lies-stay-erect-on-this-conservative-social.html}}</ref><ref name="Newhouse-TheConversation">{{Cite web|last=Newhouse|first=Alex|date=November 27, 2020|title=Parler is bringing together mainstream conservatives, anti-Semites and white supremacists as the social media platform attracts millions of Trump supporters|url=http://theconversation.com/parler-is-bringing-together-mainstream-conservatives-anti-semites-and-white-supremacists-as-the-social-media-platform-attracts-millions-of-trump-supporters-150439|access-date=November 27, 2020|website=[[The Conversation (situs web)|The Conversation]]|language=en}}</ref><ref name="nacogdoches">{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysentinel.com/social_media/article_4aab45f6-615b-5b58-9d01-6b0b2d6e172c.html |title=Parler is filled with coffee shop talk for Nazis |website=[[The Daily Sentinel (Texas)|The Daily Sentinel]] |date=November 18, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020 |first=Josh |last=Edwards}}</ref><ref name="houston">{{cite web|url=https://www.chron.com/news/article/I-tried-Parler-the-social-media-app-where-hate-15765465.php |title=I tried Parler, the social media app where hate speech thrives |first=Bryan C. |last=Parker |website=[[Houston Chronicle]] |date=December 1, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020}}</ref>}} dan teori-teori konspirasi seperti [[QAnon]].{{refn|name="conspiracy-theory-posts"|<ref name="newstatesman" /><ref name="forward" /><ref name="bulwark"/><ref name="DailyBeast-2020-10"/><ref name="SundayTimes">{{Cite news|last=Fortson|first=Danny|date=October 18, 2020|title=Parler — the site where hate speech is free|language=en|work=[[The Sunday Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/parler-the-site-where-hate-speech-is-free-v8m2znd2d|url-status=live|access-date=November 8, 2020|issn=0140-0460|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109021315/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/parler-the-site-where-hate-speech-is-free-v8m2znd2d}}</ref><ref name="BBC-2020-11-09"/><ref name="politico-nguyen"/><ref name="nacogdoches"/><ref name="houston"/>}} Para jurnalis menyebut Parler sebagai sebuah alternatif dari [[Twitter]], dan laynanan tersebut populer di kalangan orang-orang yang diblokir dari jejaring sosial arus utama atau menentang kebijakan moderasi mereka.<ref name="Reuters" /><ref name="forward">{{Cite web|last=Saul|first=Isaac|date=July 18, 2019|title=This Twitter Alternative Was Supposed To Be Nicer, But Bigots Love It Already|url=https://forward.com/news/national/427705/parler-news-white-supremacist-islamophobia-laura-loomer/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630205321/https://forward.com/news/national/427705/parler-news-white-supremacist-islamophobia-laura-loomer/|archive-date=June 30, 2020|access-date=August 4, 2020|website=[[The Forward]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
'''Parler''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɑːr|l|ər}}, {{respell|PAR|ler}}) adalah sebuah layanan [[jejaring sosial]] dan [[mikroblog]] Amerika Serikat yang diluncurkan pada Agustus 2018. Parler memiliki basis pengguna signifikan dari [[Trumpisme|para pendukung Donald Trump]], [[konservatisme di Amerika Serikat|konservatif]], penggemar [[teori konspirasi]], dan ekstrimis [[politik sayap kanan|sayap kanan]].<ref name="Reuters" /><ref name="BBC-2020-11-09">{{Cite news|last=Sardarizadeh|first=Shayan|date=November 9, 2020|title=Parler 'free speech' app tops charts in wake of Trump defeat|language=en-GB|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-54873800|url-status=live|access-date=November 10, 2020|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109235624/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-54873800}}</ref><ref name="ADL-2020-11">{{Cite web|date=November 12, 2020|title=Parler: Where the Mainstream Mingles with the Extreme|url=https://www.adl.org/blog/parler-where-the-mainstream-mingles-with-the-extreme|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212320/https://www.adl.org/blog/parler-where-the-mainstream-mingles-with-the-extreme|archive-date=November 14, 2020|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=[[Anti-Defamation League]]|language=en}}</ref><ref name="forward" /> Pos-pos pada layanan tersebut seringkali berisi konten [[politik sayap kanan jauh|sayap kanan jauh]],{{refn|name="far-right-posts"|<ref name="forward" /><ref name="newstatesman" /><ref name="bulwark">{{Cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Tim|last2=Yoest|first2=Hannah|date=June 26, 2020|title=The Gross Hellscape That Awaits Ted Cruz on Parler|url=https://thebulwark.com/the-gross-hellscape-that-awaits-ted-cruz-on-parler/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109130353/https://thebulwark.com/the-gross-hellscape-that-awaits-ted-cruz-on-parler/|archive-date=November 9, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020|website=[[The Bulwark]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Silverman-HoustonChronicle">{{Cite web|last=Silverman|first=Dwight|date=November 12, 2020|title=5 things to know about Parler, the right-wing-friendly social network|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/techburger/article/5-things-to-know-about-Parler-the-15720637.php|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212319/https://www.houstonchronicle.com/techburger/article/5-things-to-know-about-Parler-the-15720637.php|archive-date=November 14, 2020|access-date=November 12, 2020|website=[[The Houston Chronicle]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="independent 2020-06-25"/>}} [[antisemitisme]],{{refn|name="antisemitic-posts"|<ref name="isaac-NYT">{{Cite news|last1=Isaac|first1=Mike|last2=Browning|first2=Kellen|date=November 11, 2020|title=Fact-Checked on Facebook and Twitter, Conservatives Switch Their Apps|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/technology/parler-rumble-newsmax.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 13, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=November 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114212319/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/technology/parler-rumble-newsmax.html}}</ref><ref name="ADL-2020-11"/><ref name="forward" /><ref name="independent 2020-06-25">{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Adam|date=June 22, 2020|title=What is the right-wing Parler app that MPs and celebrities are joining?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/parler-app-mps-right-wing-twitter-katie-hopkins-a9579241.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630124918/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/parler-app-mps-right-wing-twitter-katie-hopkins-a9579241.html|archive-date=June 30, 2020|access-date=August 4, 2020|website=[[The Independent]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/12/06/social-media-app-parlers-free-speech-focus-draws-conservatives-and-violent-extremists-experts-say/ |title=Social Media App Parler's 'Free Speech' Focus Draws Conservatives — And Violent Extremists, Experts Say |website=[[KXJZ]] |date=December 6, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020 |first=Bert |last=Johnson}}</ref><ref name="newstatesman" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=July 8, 2020|title=A conservative social network that 'rejects fact checkers' gains ground in the US|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/080720/no-nipples-or-penises-but-lies-stay-erect-on-this-conservative-social.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 7, 2020|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107180459/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/080720/no-nipples-or-penises-but-lies-stay-erect-on-this-conservative-social.html}}</ref><ref name="Newhouse-TheConversation">{{Cite web|last=Newhouse|first=Alex|date=November 27, 2020|title=Parler is bringing together mainstream conservatives, anti-Semites and white supremacists as the social media platform attracts millions of Trump supporters|url=http://theconversation.com/parler-is-bringing-together-mainstream-conservatives-anti-semites-and-white-supremacists-as-the-social-media-platform-attracts-millions-of-trump-supporters-150439|access-date=November 27, 2020|website=[[The Conversation (situs web)|The Conversation]]|language=en}}</ref><ref name="nacogdoches">{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysentinel.com/social_media/article_4aab45f6-615b-5b58-9d01-6b0b2d6e172c.html |title=Parler is filled with coffee shop talk for Nazis |website=[[The Daily Sentinel (Texas)|The Daily Sentinel]] |date=November 18, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020 |first=Josh |last=Edwards}}</ref><ref name="houston">{{cite web|url=https://www.chron.com/news/article/I-tried-Parler-the-social-media-app-where-hate-15765465.php |title=I tried Parler, the social media app where hate speech thrives |first=Bryan C. |last=Parker |website=[[Houston Chronicle]] |date=December 1, 2020 |access-date=December 7, 2020}}</ref>}} dan teori-teori konspirasi seperti [[QAnon]].{{refn|name="conspiracy-theory-posts"|<ref name="newstatesman" /><ref name="forward" /><ref name="bulwark"/><ref name="DailyBeast-2020-10"/><ref name="SundayTimes">{{Cite news|last=Fortson|first=Danny|date=October 18, 2020|title=Parler — the site where hate speech is free|language=en|work=[[The Sunday Times]]|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/parler-the-site-where-hate-speech-is-free-v8m2znd2d|url-status=live|access-date=November 8, 2020|issn=0140-0460|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109021315/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/parler-the-site-where-hate-speech-is-free-v8m2znd2d}}</ref><ref name="BBC-2020-11-09"/><ref name="politico-nguyen"/><ref name="nacogdoches"/><ref name="houston"/>}} Para jurnalis menyebut Parler sebagai sebuah alternatif dari [[Twitter]], dan layanan tersebut populer di kalangan orang-orang yang diblokir dari jejaring sosial arus utama atau menentang kebijakan moderasi mereka.<ref name="Reuters" /><ref name="forward">{{Cite web|last=Saul|first=Isaac|date=July 18, 2019|title=This Twitter Alternative Was Supposed To Be Nicer, But Bigots Love It Already|url=https://forward.com/news/national/427705/parler-news-white-supremacist-islamophobia-laura-loomer/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630205321/https://forward.com/news/national/427705/parler-news-white-supremacist-islamophobia-laura-loomer/|archive-date=June 30, 2020|access-date=August 4, 2020|website=[[The Forward]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


==Referensi==
==Referensi==

Revisi per 7 Januari 2021 23.02

Parler
URLparler.com
Tipelayanan jejaring sosial dan Mikroblog Edit nilai pada Wikidata
PendaftaranDiwajibkan
Ideologiconservatism in the United States (en) Terjemahkan Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Pengguna4 juta (aktif)
10 juta (total)
hingga November 2020[1][2]
PembuatParler LLC (en) Terjemahkan Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Berdiri sejakSeptember 2018; 6 tahun lalu (2018-09)[3]
Lokasi kantor pusatNashville dan Henderson Edit nilai pada Wikidata
NegaraAmerika Serikat Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Peringkat Alexa1.039 (9 Januari 2021)
18.105 (1r Juli 2020)
1.921 (25 November 2020)
1.343 (22 Desember 2020)
811 (6 Februari 2021)
1.009 (15 Februari 2021) Edit nilai pada Wikidata
StatusAktif
X: parler_app Modifica els identificadors a Wikidata

Parler (/pɑːrlər/, PAR-ler) adalah sebuah layanan jejaring sosial dan mikroblog Amerika Serikat yang diluncurkan pada Agustus 2018. Parler memiliki basis pengguna signifikan dari para pendukung Donald Trump, konservatif, penggemar teori konspirasi, dan ekstrimis sayap kanan.[4][5][6][7] Pos-pos pada layanan tersebut seringkali berisi konten sayap kanan jauh,[12] antisemitisme,[19] dan teori-teori konspirasi seperti QAnon.[23] Para jurnalis menyebut Parler sebagai sebuah alternatif dari Twitter, dan layanan tersebut populer di kalangan orang-orang yang diblokir dari jejaring sosial arus utama atau menentang kebijakan moderasi mereka.[4][7][24]

Referensi

  1. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Horwitz-WSJ
  2. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Ingram-NBC
  3. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Newsweek
  4. ^ a b Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Reuters
  5. ^ a b Sardarizadeh, Shayan (November 9, 2020). "Parler 'free speech' app tops charts in wake of Trump defeat". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 9, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 10, 2020. 
  6. ^ a b "Parler: Where the Mainstream Mingles with the Extreme". Anti-Defamation League (dalam bahasa Inggris). November 12, 2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 14, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 14, 2020. 
  7. ^ a b c d e Saul, Isaac (July 18, 2019). "This Twitter Alternative Was Supposed To Be Nicer, But Bigots Love It Already". The Forward. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 30, 2020. Diakses tanggal August 4, 2020. 
  8. ^ a b c Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama newstatesman
  9. ^ a b Miller, Tim; Yoest, Hannah (June 26, 2020). "The Gross Hellscape That Awaits Ted Cruz on Parler". The Bulwark (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 9, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 7, 2020. 
  10. ^ Silverman, Dwight (November 12, 2020). "5 things to know about Parler, the right-wing-friendly social network". The Houston Chronicle (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 14, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 12, 2020. 
  11. ^ a b Smith, Adam (June 22, 2020). "What is the right-wing Parler app that MPs and celebrities are joining?". The Independent (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 30, 2020. Diakses tanggal August 4, 2020. 
  12. ^ [7][8][9][10][11]
  13. ^ Isaac, Mike; Browning, Kellen (November 11, 2020). "Fact-Checked on Facebook and Twitter, Conservatives Switch Their Apps". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0362-4331. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 14, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 13, 2020. 
  14. ^ Johnson, Bert (December 6, 2020). "Social Media App Parler's 'Free Speech' Focus Draws Conservatives — And Violent Extremists, Experts Say". KXJZ. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2020. 
  15. ^ "A conservative social network that 'rejects fact checkers' gains ground in the US". Deccan Chronicle. AFP. July 8, 2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 7, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 7, 2020. 
  16. ^ Newhouse, Alex (November 27, 2020). "Parler is bringing together mainstream conservatives, anti-Semites and white supremacists as the social media platform attracts millions of Trump supporters". The Conversation (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal November 27, 2020. 
  17. ^ a b Edwards, Josh (November 18, 2020). "Parler is filled with coffee shop talk for Nazis". The Daily Sentinel. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2020. 
  18. ^ a b Parker, Bryan C. (December 1, 2020). "I tried Parler, the social media app where hate speech thrives". Houston Chronicle. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2020. 
  19. ^ [13][6][7][11][14][8][15][16][17][18]
  20. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama DailyBeast-2020-10
  21. ^ Fortson, Danny (October 18, 2020). "Parler — the site where hate speech is free". The Sunday Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0140-0460. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 9, 2020. Diakses tanggal November 8, 2020. 
  22. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama politico-nguyen
  23. ^ [8][7][9][20][21][5][22][17][18]
  24. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama :0

Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> dengan nama "Stop the Steal" yang didefinisikan di <references> tidak digunakan pada teks sebelumnya.

Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> dengan nama "QAnon" yang didefinisikan di <references> tidak digunakan pada teks sebelumnya.

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