Daftar pemimpin negara tahun 1993: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika
Wagino Bot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
4.149.742 suntingan
 
(5 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 124: Baris 124:
** Presiden - [[Cassam Uteem]], [[Daftar presiden Mauritius|Presiden Mauritius]] (1992–2002)
** Presiden - [[Cassam Uteem]], [[Daftar presiden Mauritius|Presiden Mauritius]] (1992–2002)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Mauritius|Perdana Menteri Mauritius]] (1982–1995)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Anerood Jugnauth|Sir Anerood Jugnauth]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Mauritius|Perdana Menteri Mauritius]] (1982–1995)
* [[Mayotte]] ([[Territorial collectivity]] of Perancis)
* [[Mayotte]] ([[Territorial collectivity]] of Prancis)
** Prefek -
** Prefek -
**# [[Jean-Paul Coste]], [[Daftar kepala koloni dan departemen Mayotte|Prefek Mayotte]] (1990–1993)
**# [[Jean-Paul Coste]], [[Daftar kepala koloni dan departemen Mayotte|Prefek Mayotte]] (1990–1993)
Baris 162: Baris 162:
* [[Saint Helena, Ascension dan Tristan da Cunha|Saint Helena dan Dependencies]] ([[Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania]])
* [[Saint Helena, Ascension dan Tristan da Cunha|Saint Helena dan Dependencies]] ([[Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania]])
** Gubernur - [[Alan Hoole]], [[Gubernur Saint Helena]] (1991–1995)
** Gubernur - [[Alan Hoole]], [[Gubernur Saint Helena]] (1991–1995)
* '''[[São Tomé dan Príncipe]]''' -
* '''[[Sao Tome dan Principe]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Miguel Trovoada]], [[Kepala negara São Tomé dan Príncipe|Presiden São Tomé dan Príncipe]] (1991–1995)
** Presiden - [[Miguel Trovoada]], [[Kepala negara Sao Tome dan Principe|Presiden Sao Tome dan Principe]] (1991–1995)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Norberto Costa Alegre]], [[Kepala pemerintahan São Tomé dan Príncipe|Perdana Menteri São Tomé dan Príncipe]] (1992–1994)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Norberto Costa Alegre]], [[Kepala pemerintahan Sao Tome dan Principe|Perdana Menteri Sao Tome dan Principe]] (1992–1994)
* '''[[Senegal]]''' -
* '''[[Senegal]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Abdou Diouf]], [[Daftar presiden Senegal|Presiden Senegal]] (1981–2000)
** Presiden - [[Abdou Diouf]], [[Daftar presiden Senegal|Presiden Senegal]] (1981–2000)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Habib Thiam]], [[Perdana Menteri Senegal]] (1991–1998)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Habib Thiam]], [[Perdana Menteri Senegal]] (1991–1998)
* '''[[Seychelles]]''' -
* '''[[Seychelles]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Perancis-Albert René]], [[Daftar presiden Seychelles|Presiden Seychelles]] (1977–2004)
** Presiden - [[Prancis-Albert René]], [[Daftar presiden Seychelles|Presiden Seychelles]] (1977–2004)
* '''[[Sierra Leone]]''' -
* '''[[Sierra Leone]]''' -
** Kepala Negara - [[Valentine Strasser]], [[Kepala pemerintahan Sierra Leone|Ketua Supreme Dewan Negara Sierra Leone]] (1992–1996)
** Kepala Negara - [[Valentine Strasser]], [[Kepala pemerintahan Sierra Leone|Ketua Supreme Dewan Negara Sierra Leone]] (1992–1996)
Baris 289: Baris 289:
**# [[Lee Hoi-chang]], [[Perdana Menteri Korea Selatan]] (1993–1994)
**# [[Lee Hoi-chang]], [[Perdana Menteri Korea Selatan]] (1993–1994)
* '''[[Kuwait]]''' -
* '''[[Kuwait]]''' -
** Penguasa monarki - [[Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah|Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah]], [[Emir Kuwait]] (1977–2006)<ref>In exile between 1990 dan 1991.</ref>
** Penguasa monarki - [[Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah|Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah]], [[Emir Kuwait]] (1977–2006)<ref name="In exile between 1990 dan 1991">In exile between 1990 dan 1991.</ref>
** Perdana Menteri - [[Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah|Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah]], [[Perdana Menteri Kuwait]] (1978–2003)<ref>In exile between 1990 dan 1991.</ref>
** Perdana Menteri - [[Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah|Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah]], [[Perdana Menteri Kuwait]] (1978–2003)<ref name="In exile between 1990 dan 1991"/>
* '''[[Kirgizstan]]''' -
* '''[[Kirgizstan]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Askar Akayev]], [[Presiden Kirgizstan]] (1990–2005)<ref>Kirgizstan only became independent in 1991.</ref>
** Presiden - [[Askar Akayev]], [[Presiden Kirgizstan]] (1990–2005)<ref>Kirgizstan only became independent in 1991.</ref>
Baris 401: Baris 401:
* '''[[Andorra]]''' -
* '''[[Andorra]]''' -
** Penguasa monarki -
** Penguasa monarki -
*** Pangeran Bersama Perancis - [[François Mitterrand]], [[Daftar pangeran bersama Andorra|Pangeran Bersama Perancis Andorra]] (1981–1995)
*** Pangeran Bersama Prancis - [[François Mitterrand]], [[Daftar pangeran bersama Andorra|Pangeran Bersama Prancis Andorra]] (1981–1995)
**** Perwakilan -
**** Perwakilan -
****# [[Jean-Pierre Courtois]] (1989–1993)
****# [[Jean-Pierre Courtois]] (1989–1993)
Baris 407: Baris 407:
*** Pangeran Bersama Episkopal - [[Joan Martí i Alanis]], [[Daftar pangeran bersama Andorra|Pangeran Bersama Episkopal Andorra]] (1971–2003)
*** Pangeran Bersama Episkopal - [[Joan Martí i Alanis]], [[Daftar pangeran bersama Andorra|Pangeran Bersama Episkopal Andorra]] (1971–2003)
**** Perwakilan -
**** Perwakilan -
****# [[Perancissc Badia i Batalla]] (1972–1993)
****# [[Prancissc Badia i Batalla]] (1972–1993)
****# [[Nemesi Marqués Oste]] (1993–2012)
****# [[Nemesi Marqués Oste]] (1993–2012)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Òscar Ribas Reig]], [[Kepala Pemerintahan Andorra]] (1990–1994)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Òscar Ribas Reig]], [[Kepala Pemerintahan Andorra]] (1990–1994)
Baris 481: Baris 481:
** Presiden - [[Mauno Koivisto]], [[Presiden Finlandia]], (1982–1994)
** Presiden - [[Mauno Koivisto]], [[Presiden Finlandia]], (1982–1994)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Esko Aho]], [[Perdana Menteri Finlandia]], (1991–1995)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Esko Aho]], [[Perdana Menteri Finlandia]], (1991–1995)
* '''[[Perancis]]''' -
* '''[[Prancis]]''' -
** Presiden - [[François Mitterrand]], [[Presiden French Republic|Presiden Perancis]] (1981–1995)
** Presiden - [[François Mitterrand]], [[Presiden French Republic|Presiden Prancis]] (1981–1995)
** Perdana Menteri -
** Perdana Menteri -
**# [[Pierre Bérégovoy]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Perancis|Perdana Menteri Perancis]] (1992–1993)
**# [[Pierre Bérégovoy]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Prancis|Perdana Menteri Prancis]] (1992–1993)
**# [[Édouard Balladur]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Perancis|Perdana Menteri Perancis]] (1993–1995)
**# [[Édouard Balladur]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Prancis|Perdana Menteri Prancis]] (1993–1995)
* '''[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]''' -
* '''[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]''' -
** Kepala Negara - [[Eduard Shevardnadze]], [[Presiden Georgia|Ketua Parliament of Georgia]] (1992–2003)
** Kepala Negara - [[Eduard Shevardnadze]], [[Presiden Georgia|Ketua Parliament of Georgia]] (1992–2003)
Baris 512: Baris 512:
**# [[Konstantinos Mitsotakis]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Yunani|Perdana Menteri Yunani]] (1990–1993)
**# [[Konstantinos Mitsotakis]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Yunani|Perdana Menteri Yunani]] (1990–1993)
**# [[Andreas Papandreou]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Yunani|Perdana Menteri Yunani]] (1993–1996)
**# [[Andreas Papandreou]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Yunani|Perdana Menteri Yunani]] (1993–1996)
* '''[[Hongaria]]''' -
* '''[[Hungaria]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Árpád Göncz]], [[Kepala negara Hongaria|Presiden Hongaria]] (1990–2000)
** Presiden - [[Árpád Göncz]], [[Kepala negara Hungaria|Presiden Hungaria]] (1990–2000)
** Perdana Menteri -
** Perdana Menteri -
**# [[József Antall]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Hongaria|Perdana Menteri Hongaria]] (1990–1993)
**# [[József Antall]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Hungaria|Perdana Menteri Hungaria]] (1990–1993)
**# [[Péter Boross]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Hongaria|Perdana Menteri Hongaria]] (1993–1994)
**# [[Péter Boross]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Hungaria|Perdana Menteri Hungaria]] (1993–1994)
* '''[[Tanah Es]]''' -
* '''[[Tanah Es]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Vigdís Finnbogadóttir]], [[Presiden Tanah Es]] (1980–1996)
** Presiden - [[Vigdís Finnbogadóttir]], [[Presiden Tanah Es]] (1980–1996)
Baris 530: Baris 530:
* '''[[Latvia]]''' -
* '''[[Latvia]]''' -
** Presiden -
** Presiden -
**# [[Anatolijs Gorbunovs]], [[Daftar presiden Latvia|Presiden Latvia]] (1988–1993)<ref>Latvia only became independent in 1991.</ref>
**# [[Anatolijs Gorbunovs]], [[Daftar presiden Latvia|Presiden Latvia]] (1988–1993)<ref name="ReferenceA">Latvia only became independent in 1991.</ref>
**# [[Guntis Ulmanis]], [[Daftar presiden Latvia|Presiden Latvia]] (1993–1999)
**# [[Guntis Ulmanis]], [[Daftar presiden Latvia|Presiden Latvia]] (1993–1999)
** Perdana Menteri -
** Perdana Menteri -
**# [[Ivars Godmanis]], [[Perdana Menteri Latvia]] (1990–1993)<ref>Latvia only became independent in 1991.</ref>
**# [[Ivars Godmanis]], [[Perdana Menteri Latvia]] (1990–1993)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
**# [[Valdis Birkavs]], [[Perdana Menteri Latvia]] (1993–1994)
**# [[Valdis Birkavs]], [[Perdana Menteri Latvia]] (1993–1994)
* '''[[Liechtenstein]]''' -
* '''[[Liechtenstein]]''' -
Baris 613: Baris 613:
** Perdana Menteri - [[Carl Bildt]], [[Perdana Menteri Swedia]] (1991–1994)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Carl Bildt]], [[Perdana Menteri Swedia]] (1991–1994)
* '''[[Swiss]]''' -
* '''[[Swiss]]''' -
** [[Swiss Federal Council]]<ref>The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state dan the government of Swiss. Within the Council, the Presiden Swiss Confederation serves solely in a [[primus inter pares]] capacity for one year.</ref>: <!-- ordered by seniority -->
** [[Swiss Federal Council]]:<ref>The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state dan the government of Swiss. Within the Council, the Presiden Swiss Confederation serves solely in a [[primus inter pares]] capacity for one year.</ref> <!-- ordered by seniority -->
**: [[René Felber]] (1987–1993), [[Otto Stich]] (1983–1995), [[Jean-Pascal Delamuraz]] (1983–1998), [[Arnold Koller]] (1986–1999), [[Flavio Cotti]] (1986–1999), [[Adolf Ogi]] (1987–2000, [[Presiden Swiss Confederation|Presiden]]), [[Kaspar Villiger]] (1989–2003)
**: [[René Felber]] (1987–1993), [[Otto Stich]] (1983–1995), [[Jean-Pascal Delamuraz]] (1983–1998), [[Arnold Koller]] (1986–1999), [[Flavio Cotti]] (1986–1999), [[Adolf Ogi]] (1987–2000, [[Presiden Swiss Confederation|Presiden]]), [[Kaspar Villiger]] (1989–2003)
* '''[[Ukraina]]''' -
* '''[[Ukraina]]''' -
Baris 761: Baris 761:
** Gubernur-Jenderal - [[Stanislaus James|Sir Stanislaus A. James]], [[Daftar Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia|Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia]] (1988–1996)
** Gubernur-Jenderal - [[Stanislaus James|Sir Stanislaus A. James]], [[Daftar Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia|Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia]] (1988–1996)
** Perdana Menteri - [[John Compton]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia|Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia]] (1982–1996)
** Perdana Menteri - [[John Compton]], [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia|Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia]] (1982–1996)
* [[Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] ([[Territorial collectivity]] of Perancis)
* [[Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] ([[Territorial collectivity]] of Prancis)
** Prefek - [[Yves Henry (prefect)|Yves Henry]], [[Prefek Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] (1992–1994)
** Prefek - [[Yves Henry (prefect)|Yves Henry]], [[Prefek Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] (1992–1994)
** Presiden Dewan Jenderal - [[Marc Plantegenest]], [[Dewan Wilayah Saint Pierre dan Miquelon#Presiden|Presiden Dewan Jenderal Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] (1984–1994)
** Presiden Dewan Jenderal - [[Marc Plantegenest]], [[Dewan Wilayah Saint Pierre dan Miquelon#Presiden|Presiden Dewan Jenderal Saint Pierre dan Miquelon]] (1984–1994)
Baris 812: Baris 812:
**# [[Kamisese Mara|Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara]], [[Presiden Fiji]] (1993–2000)
**# [[Kamisese Mara|Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara]], [[Presiden Fiji]] (1993–2000)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Sitiveni Rabuka]], [[Perdana Menteri Fiji]] (1992–1999)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Sitiveni Rabuka]], [[Perdana Menteri Fiji]] (1992–1999)
* [[Polinesia Perancis]] ([[Overseas territory (Perancis)|French overseas territory]])
* [[Polinesia Prancis]] ([[Overseas territory (Prancis)|French overseas territory]])
** Komisaris Tinggi - [[Michel Jau]], [[Komisaris Tinggi Republik di Polinesia Perancis]] (1992–1994)
** Komisaris Tinggi - [[Michel Jau]], [[Komisaris Tinggi Republik di Polinesia Prancis]] (1992–1994)
** Presiden Pemerintahan - [[Gaston Flosse]], [[Presiden Polinesia Perancis|Presiden Pemerintahan Polinesia Perancis]] (1991–2004)
** Presiden Pemerintahan - [[Gaston Flosse]], [[Presiden Polinesia Prancis|Presiden Pemerintahan Polinesia Prancis]] (1991–2004)
* [[Guam]] ([[Daerah insuler]] Amerika Serikat)
* [[Guam]] ([[Daerah insuler]] Amerika Serikat)
** Gubernur - [[Joseph Franklin Ada]], [[Daftar gubernur Guam|Gubernur Guam]] (1987–1995)
** Gubernur - [[Joseph Franklin Ada]], [[Daftar gubernur Guam|Gubernur Guam]] (1987–1995)
Baris 825: Baris 825:
* '''[[Nauru]]''' -
* '''[[Nauru]]''' -
** Presiden - [[Bernard Dowiyogo]], [[Presiden Nauru]] (1989–1995)
** Presiden - [[Bernard Dowiyogo]], [[Presiden Nauru]] (1989–1995)
* [[Kaledonia Baru]] ([[Overseas territory (Perancis)|French overseas territory]])
* [[Kaledonia Baru]] ([[Overseas territory (Prancis)|French overseas territory]])
** Komisaris Tinggi - [[Alain Christnacht]], [[Daftar kepala koloni dan departemen Kaledonia Baru|Komisaris Tinggi Kaledonia Baru]] (1991–1994)
** Komisaris Tinggi - [[Alain Christnacht]], [[Daftar kepala koloni dan departemen Kaledonia Baru|Komisaris Tinggi Kaledonia Baru]] (1991–1994)
* '''[[Selandia Baru]]''' -
* '''[[Selandia Baru]]''' -
Baris 878: Baris 878:
** Presiden - [[Frederick Karlomuana Timakata]], [[Presiden Vanuatu]] (1989–1994)
** Presiden - [[Frederick Karlomuana Timakata]], [[Presiden Vanuatu]] (1989–1994)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Maxime Carlot Korman]], [[Perdana Menteri Vanuatu]] (1991–1995)
** Perdana Menteri - [[Maxime Carlot Korman]], [[Perdana Menteri Vanuatu]] (1991–1995)
* [[Wallis dan Futuna]] ([[Overseas territory (Perancis)|French overseas territory]])
* [[Wallis dan Futuna]] ([[Overseas territory (Prancis)|French overseas territory]])
** Administrator-Superior -
** Administrator-Superior -
**# [[Robert Pommies]], [[Administrator Superior Wallis dan Futuna]] (1990–1993)
**# [[Robert Pommies]], [[Administrator Superior Wallis dan Futuna]] (1990–1993)
Baris 934: Baris 934:
* [http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/%28filtro%29/activos Biografías Líderes Políticos]
* [http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/%28filtro%29/activos Biografías Líderes Políticos]
* [http://worldstatesmen.org/ WorldStatesmen.org]
* [http://worldstatesmen.org/ WorldStatesmen.org]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20080712121400/http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/00index2.htm World Political Leader 1945-2012]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080712121400/http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/00index2.htm World Political Leader 1945-2012]
{{Lists of 20th-century state leaders}}
{{Lists of 20th-century state leaders}}

Revisi terkini sejak 29 Agustus 2023 19.14

Lihat pula

Berikut ini adalah daftar kepala negara, kepala pemerintahan, dan pemimpin negara lain pada tahun 1993.

Afrika[sunting | sunting sumber]

Asia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Eropa[sunting | sunting sumber]

Amerika Utara[sunting | sunting sumber]

Oseania[sunting | sunting sumber]

Amerika Selatan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Catatan kaki[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Titled Secretary-general of Provisional Pemerintahan until independence.
  2. ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971, until then the monarch was titled Hakim of Bahrain.
  3. ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
  4. ^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
  5. ^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
  6. ^ The position of Chairman was only declared to be the "highest office of state" by the constitution that came into effect on September 5, 1998.
  7. ^ a b In exile between 1990 dan 1991.
  8. ^ Kirgizstan only became independent in 1991.
  9. ^ Qatar only became independent in 1971.
  10. ^ Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
  11. ^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
  12. ^ Ali Abdullah Saleh was Presiden North Yaman until 1990.
  13. ^ Armenia only became independent in 1991.
  14. ^ Belarus only became independent in 1991.
  15. ^ Bosnia dan Herzegovina only declared independence in 1992.
  16. ^ Kroasia only became independent in 1991.
  17. ^ Abkhazia only declared independence on 23 July 1992.
  18. ^ Richard von Weizsäcker was Presiden West Jerman until 1990.
  19. ^ Helmut Kohl was Kanselir West Jerman until 1990.
  20. ^ a b Latvia only became independent in 1991.
  21. ^ Moldova only became independent in 1991.
  22. ^ Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
  23. ^ Rusia only became independent in 1991.
  24. ^ Slovenia only became independent in 1991.
  25. ^ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state dan the government of Swiss. Within the Council, the Presiden Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
  26. ^ Ukraina only became independent in 1991.
  27. ^ Antigua dan Barbuda became independent in 1981, until then Sir Wilfred Jacobs was titled Gubernur Antigua dan Barbuda.
  28. ^ Antigua dan Barbuda only became independent in 1981.
  29. ^ Saint Kitts dan Nevis only became independent in 1983, until then Sir Clement Arrindell was titled Gubernur Saint Christopher dan Nevis.
  30. ^ Saint Kitts dan Nevis only became independent in 1983.
  31. ^ The Kepulauan Marshall only became independent in 1986.
  32. ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=Daftar_pemimpin_negara_tahun_1993&oldid=24099951"