Kerusuhan pro-Rusia di Ukraina 2014: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Infobox civil conflict
{{Infobox civil conflict
| partof = [[Krisis Ukraina]]
| partof = [[Krisis Ukraina]]
| image = [[File:2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine.png|300px]]
| image = [[Berkas:2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine.png|300px]]
| caption = Peta protes menurut wilayah, menunjukkan tingkat keparahan kerusuhan pada puncaknya
| caption = Peta protes menurut wilayah, menunjukkan tingkat keparahan kerusuhan pada puncaknya
| place = [[Ukraina Timur]]<br/>[[Ukraina Selatan]]<br/>[[Crimea]]
| place = [[Ukraina|Ukraina timur]]<br/>[[Ukraina|Ukraina selatan]]<br/>[[Republik Otonomi Krimea|Krimea]]
| coordinates =
| coordinates =
| causes = Oposisi [[Euromaidan]], [[Revolusi Ukraina 2014]], dan komposisi [[Pemerintahan Yatsenyuk Pertama|pemerintahan transisi]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/party-of-regions-communist-party-banned-in-ivano-frankivsk-and-ternopil-regions-335655.html | title=Party of Regions, Communist Party banned in Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil regions | work=Kyiv Post | date=27 January 2014 | accessdate=10 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/activity-of-regions-party-communist-party-yanukovychs-portraits-banned-in-drohobych-337297.html | title=Activity of Regions Party, Communist Party, Yanukovych's portraits banned in Drohobych | work=Kyiv Post | date=21 February 2014 | accessdate=10 April 2014}}</ref>
| causes = Oposisi [[Euromaidan]], [[Revolusi Ukraina 2014]], dan komposisi [[Pemerintahan Yatsenyuk Pertama|pemerintahan transisi]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/party-of-regions-communist-party-banned-in-ivano-frankivsk-and-ternopil-regions-335655.html | title=Party of Regions, Communist Party banned in Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil regions | work=Kyiv Post | date=27 January 2014 | accessdate=10 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/activity-of-regions-party-communist-party-yanukovychs-portraits-banned-in-drohobych-337297.html | title=Activity of Regions Party, Communist Party, Yanukovych's portraits banned in Drohobych | work=Kyiv Post | date=21 February 2014 | accessdate=10 April 2014}}</ref>
| date = 20 Februari–19 Maret 2014 ([[Krisis Crimea 2014|krisis Crimea]])<br/>23 Februari–Oktober 2014 (protes)<br/>6 April 2014–sekarang ([[Perang di Donbass]])
| date = 20 Februari–19 Maret 2014 ([[Krisis Krimea 2014|Krisis Krimea]])<br/>23 Februari–Oktober 2014 (protes)<br/>6 April 2014–sekarang ([[Perang di Donbas]])
| goals =* Penggabungan dengan Rusia<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27369980|title=East Ukraine separatists seek union with Russia|date=12 May 2014|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=12 May 2014}}</ref>
| goals =* Penggabungan dengan Rusia<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27369980|title=East Ukraine separatists seek union with Russia|date=12 May 2014|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=12 May 2014}}</ref>
* Perubahan Ukraina menjadi sebuah [[Federasi|negara federal]]<ref name="march16nbc">{{cite news | url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ukraine-crisis/pro-russia-protesters-storm-donetsk-offices-n54046 | title=Pro-Russia Protesters Storm Donetsk Offices | publisher=NBC News | date=16 March 2014 | accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="march16rt">{{cite news|url=http://rt.com/news/ukraine-kharkov-rights-donetsk-202/|title=Ukraine's east on fire: Kharkov demands referendum, Donetsk prosecutor’s HQ stormed|publisher=RT|location=Russia|date=16 March 2014|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref>
* Perubahan Ukraina menjadi sebuah [[Federasi|negara federal]]<ref name="march16nbc">{{cite news | url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ukraine-crisis/pro-russia-protesters-storm-donetsk-offices-n54046 | title=Pro-Russia Protesters Storm Donetsk Offices | publisher=NBC News | date=16 March 2014 | accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="march16rt">{{cite news|url=http://rt.com/news/ukraine-kharkov-rights-donetsk-202/|title=Ukraine's east on fire: Kharkov demands referendum, Donetsk prosecutor’s HQ stormed|publisher=RT|location=Russia|date=16 March 2014|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref>
* Referendum mengenai status [[Ukraina Timur]] dan [[Ukraina Selatan]]<ref name=march16nbc/><ref name=march16rt/>
* Referendum mengenai status [[Ukraina|Ukraina timur]] dan [[Ukraina|Ukraina selatan]]<ref name=march16nbc/><ref name=march16rt/>
* Penetapan bahasa Rusia sebagai bahasa resmi kedua di Ukraina<ref name="kharkivrulang">{{cite news | url=http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/202138.html | title=Kharkiv regional council demands official status for Russian language | work=Interfax-Ukraine News Agency | date=24 April 2014 | accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref>
* Penetapan [[bahasa Rusia]] sebagai bahasa resmi kedua di Ukraina<ref name="kharkivrulang">{{cite news | url=http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/202138.html | title=Kharkiv regional council demands official status for Russian language | work=Interfax-Ukraine News Agency | date=24 April 2014 | accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref>
| methods =* Protes
| methods =* Protes
* [[Pemberontakan]] bersenjata
* [[Pemberontakan]] bersenjata
* [[Pendudukan (protes)|Pendudukan]] gedung pemerintahan
* [[Pendudukan (protes)|Pendudukan]] gedung pemerintahan
| result =* [[Aneksasi Crimea oleh Federasi Rusia]]
| result =* [[Krisis Krimea 2014|Aneksasi Krimea oleh Federasi Rusia]]
* [[Perang di Donbass|Pemberontak]] mengambil alih kontrol sebagaian [[Donetsk Oblast|Donetsk]] dan [[Luhansk Oblast]]<ref name="control">{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27222023 | title=Ukraine unrest: Kiev 'helpless' to quell parts of east | publisher=BBC News | date=30 April 2014 | accessdate=30 April 2014}}</ref>
* [[Perang di Donbass|Pemberontak]] mengambil alih kontrol sebagian Oblast [[Oblast Donetsk|Donetsk]] dan [[Oblast Luhansk|Luhansk]]<ref name="control">{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27222023 | title=Ukraine unrest: Kiev 'helpless' to quell parts of east | publisher=BBC News | date=30 April 2014 | accessdate=30 April 2014}}</ref>
* Serangan balasan pemerintah memicu [[Perang di Donbass|perang di wilayah Donbass]].<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/parubiy-says-anti-terrorist-operation-will-continue-as-separatists-in-luhansk-donetsk-reject-putins-call-to-postpone-referendum-346933.html Parubiy says "anti-terrorist" operation will continue as separatists in Luhansk, Donetsk reject Putin’s call to postpone referendum]. ''[[Kyiv Post]]''. 8 May 2014</ref>
* Serangan balasan pemerintah memicu [[Perang di Donbas|perang di wilayah Donbas]].<ref>[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/parubiy-says-anti-terrorist-operation-will-continue-as-separatists-in-luhansk-donetsk-reject-putins-call-to-postpone-referendum-346933.html Parubiy says "anti-terrorist" operation will continue as separatists in Luhansk, Donetsk reject Putin’s call to postpone referendum]. ''[[Kyiv Post]]''. 8 May 2014</ref>
| side1 =
| side1 =
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Baris 31: Baris 31:
* [[Dinas Keamanan Ukraina]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/04/13/7022234/|script-title=uk:У Слов'янську почалася Антитерористична операція - Аваков|trans-title=Antiterrorist operations have begun in Slovyansk - Avakov|language=Ukrainian|work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]]|date=13 April 2014|accessdate=2 February 2015}}</ref>
* [[Dinas Keamanan Ukraina]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/04/13/7022234/|script-title=uk:У Слов'янську почалася Антитерористична операція - Аваков|trans-title=Antiterrorist operations have begun in Slovyansk - Avakov|language=Ukrainian|work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]]|date=13 April 2014|accessdate=2 February 2015}}</ref>
* Aktivis [[Euromaidan]]
* Aktivis [[Euromaidan]]
* [[Sektor Kanan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27275383|title=How did Odessa's fire happen?|publisher=BBC News|date=4 May 2014|accessdate=11 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/02/ukraine-dead-odessa-building-fire|title=Dozens dead after Odessa building fire|work=The Guardian|date=2 May 2014|accessdate=11 May 2014}}</ref>
* [[Sektor kanan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27275383|title=How did Odessa's fire happen?|publisher=BBC News|date=4 May 2014|accessdate=11 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/02/ukraine-dead-odessa-building-fire|title=Dozens dead after Odessa building fire|work=The Guardian|date=2 May 2014|accessdate=11 May 2014}}</ref>
| side2 =
| side2 =
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'''Aktivis Pro-Rusian'''
'''Aktivis Pro-Rusian'''
* [[Negara Bagian Novorossiya|Novorossiya]]
* [[Konfederasi Novorossiya|Novorossiya]]
** [[Republik Rakyat Donetsk]]
** [[Republik Donetsk]]
** [[Republik Rakyat Luhansk]]
** [[Republik Lugansk]]
* [[Milisi Rakyat Donbass]]
* [[Milisi Rakyat Donbas]]
** Batalion Vostok<ref name="FTcoup">{{cite news | url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/d077cbfa-e75b-11e3-8b4e-00144feabdc0.html | title=Paramilitaries seize Donetsk rebels' HQ | work=Financial Times | date=29 May 2014 | accessdate=29 May 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Vostok<ref name="FTcoup">{{cite news | url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/d077cbfa-e75b-11e3-8b4e-00144feabdc0.html | title=Paramilitaries seize Donetsk rebels' HQ | work=Financial Times | date=29 May 2014 | accessdate=29 May 2014}}</ref>
** Tentara Ortodoks Rusia<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ukraine-crisis/meet-russian-orthodox-army-ukrainian-separatists-shock-troops-n107426|title=Meet the Russian Orthodox Army, Ukrainian Separatists' Shock Troops|publisher=NBC News|date=16 May 2014|accessdate=2 June 2014}}</ref>
** Tentara Ortodoks Rusia<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ukraine-crisis/meet-russian-orthodox-army-ukrainian-separatists-shock-troops-n107426|title=Meet the Russian Orthodox Army, Ukrainian Separatists' Shock Troops|publisher=NBC News|date=16 May 2014|accessdate=2 June 2014}}</ref>
** Tentara Tenggara<ref name="voiceofrussia">{{cite web|url=http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_05_17/South-East-Army-urges-Kievs-security-forces-to-leave-territory-of-Lugansk-Peoples-Republic-6420/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140617005429/http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_05_17/South-East-Army-urges-Kievs-security-forces-to-leave-territory-of-Lugansk-Peoples-Republic-6420/|archivedate=17 June 2014|title="South-East Army" urges Kiev's security forces to leave territory of Lugansk People's Republic|publisher=voiceofrussia.com|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Tentara Tenggara<ref name="voiceofrussia">{{cite web|url=http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_05_17/South-East-Army-urges-Kievs-security-forces-to-leave-territory-of-Lugansk-Peoples-Republic-6420/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140617005429/http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_05_17/South-East-Army-urges-Kievs-security-forces-to-leave-territory-of-Lugansk-Peoples-Republic-6420/|archivedate=17 June 2014|title="South-East Army" urges Kiev's security forces to leave territory of Lugansk People's Republic|publisher=voiceofrussia.com|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Oplot<ref name="reuters">{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/01/us-ukraine-crisis-vostok-idUSKBN0EC1LL20140601|title=More foreign fighters break cover among Ukraine separatists|agency=Reuters|author=Gabriela Baczynska|date=1 June 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Oplot<ref name="reuters">{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/01/us-ukraine-crisis-vostok-idUSKBN0EC1LL20140601|title=More foreign fighters break cover among Ukraine separatists|agency=Reuters|author=Gabriela Baczynska|date=1 June 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014|archive-date=2014-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602100857/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/01/us-ukraine-crisis-vostok-idUSKBN0EC1LL20140601|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
** Batalion Zarya<ref name="voiceofrussia2">{{cite web|url=http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_07_11/Russian-journalists-come-under-fire-from-Ukrainian-troops-in-Lugansk-3908/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725035229/http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_07_11/Russian-journalists-come-under-fire-from-Ukrainian-troops-in-Lugansk-3908/|archivedate=25 July 2014|title=Russian journalists come fire from Ukrainian troops in Lugansk|publisher=voiceofrussia.com|date=11 July 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Zarya<ref name="voiceofrussia2">{{cite web|url=http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_07_11/Russian-journalists-come-under-fire-from-Ukrainian-troops-in-Lugansk-3908/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725035229/http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_07_11/Russian-journalists-come-under-fire-from-Ukrainian-troops-in-Lugansk-3908/|archivedate=25 July 2014|title=Russian journalists come fire from Ukrainian troops in Lugansk|publisher=voiceofrussia.com|date=11 July 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Kalmius<ref name="thestar">{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/10/ukraine_rebels_face_drop_in_morale_whats_the_point_of_fighting.html|title=Ukraine rebels face drop in morale: 'What's the point of fighting?'|work=Toronto Star|author=Yuras Karmanau|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
** Batalion Kalmius<ref name="thestar">{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/10/ukraine_rebels_face_drop_in_morale_whats_the_point_of_fighting.html|title=Ukraine rebels face drop in morale: 'What's the point of fighting?'|work=Toronto Star|author=Yuras Karmanau|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=28 July 2014}}</ref>
* Polisi Ukraina dan pembelot militer
* Polisi Ukraina dan pembelot militer
* Serikat Pekerja Tambang<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/05/28/us-ukraine-crisis-miners-idUSKBN0E80VX20140528|title=Miners rally in favor of separatists in eastern Ukraine|agency=Reuters|date=28 May 2014|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref>
* Serikat Pekerja Tambang<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/05/28/us-ukraine-crisis-miners-idUSKBN0E80VX20140528|title=Miners rally in favor of separatists in eastern Ukraine|agency=Reuters|date=28 May 2014|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=2014-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608060743/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/05/28/us-ukraine-crisis-miners-idUSKBN0E80VX20140528|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
'''[[Federasi Rusia]]'''
'''[[Federasi Rusia]]'''
* [[Angkatan Bersenjata Rusia]]<ref name='np'>{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/news/world/vladimir-putin-admits-for-first-time-russian-troops-took-over-crimea-refuses-to-rule-out-intervention-in-donetsk|title=Vladimir Putin admits for first time Russian troops took over Crimea, refuses to rule out intervention in Donetsk|author=Yuras Karmanau|author2=Vladimir Isachenkov|date=17 April 2014|work=National Post|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=10 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/ukraine-gets-new-evidence-of-russian-soldiers-fighting-on-its-turf-photos-361543.html|title=Ukraine gets new evidence of Russian soldiers fighting on its turf (PHOTOS)|work=Kyiv Post|date=21 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/russian-humanitarian-convoy-enters-ukraine-despite-warnings/2014/08/22/7b14fa8e-29e1-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html|title=NATO condemns Moscow's aid convoy, says Russian artillery firing at Ukrainian army|work=The Washington Post|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/22/us-ukraine-crisis-aid-convoy-idUSKBN0GM0IS20140822|title=Ukraine accuses Russia of invasion after aid convoy crosses border|agency=Reuters|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/23/world/europe/russia-moves-artillery-units-into-ukraine-nato-says.html?_r=1|title=Russia Moves Artillery Units into Ukraine, NATO Says|work=The New York Times|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2014/09/ukraine-mounting-evidence-war-crimes-and-russian-involvement/|title=Ukraine: Mounting evidence of war crimes and Russian involvement|publisher=Amnesty International|date=7 September 2014|accessdate=8 September 2014}}</ref>
* [[Angkatan Bersenjata Rusia]]<ref name='np'>{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/news/world/vladimir-putin-admits-for-first-time-russian-troops-took-over-crimea-refuses-to-rule-out-intervention-in-donetsk|title=Vladimir Putin admits for first time Russian troops took over Crimea, refuses to rule out intervention in Donetsk|author=Yuras Karmanau|author2=Vladimir Isachenkov|date=17 April 2014|work=National Post|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=10 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/ukraine-gets-new-evidence-of-russian-soldiers-fighting-on-its-turf-photos-361543.html|title=Ukraine gets new evidence of Russian soldiers fighting on its turf (PHOTOS)|work=Kyiv Post|date=21 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/russian-humanitarian-convoy-enters-ukraine-despite-warnings/2014/08/22/7b14fa8e-29e1-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html|title=NATO condemns Moscow's aid convoy, says Russian artillery firing at Ukrainian army|work=The Washington Post|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/22/us-ukraine-crisis-aid-convoy-idUSKBN0GM0IS20140822|title=Ukraine accuses Russia of invasion after aid convoy crosses border|agency=Reuters|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014|archive-date=2014-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822150641/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/22/us-ukraine-crisis-aid-convoy-idUSKBN0GM0IS20140822|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/23/world/europe/russia-moves-artillery-units-into-ukraine-nato-says.html?_r=1|title=Russia Moves Artillery Units into Ukraine, NATO Says|work=The New York Times|date=22 August 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2014/09/ukraine-mounting-evidence-war-crimes-and-russian-involvement/|title=Ukraine: Mounting evidence of war crimes and Russian involvement|publisher=Amnesty International|date=7 September 2014|accessdate=8 September 2014}}</ref>
* Paramiliter Chechen dan Rusia<ref name="NYchech">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/28/world/europe/ukraine.html?_r=0 | title=Russians Revealed Among Ukraine Fighters | work=The New York Times | date=27 May 2014 | accessdate=29 May 2014}}</ref>
* Paramiliter Chechen dan Rusia<ref name="NYchech">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/28/world/europe/ukraine.html?_r=0 | title=Russians Revealed Among Ukraine Fighters | work=The New York Times | date=27 May 2014 | accessdate=29 May 2014}}</ref>
| leadfigures3 =
| leadfigures3 =
Baris 60: Baris 60:
'''Hilang''': 340 prajurit<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rttnews.com/2465867/19-troops-killed-9-others-captured-during-withdrawal-from-debaltseve-ukraine.aspx?type=pn|title=19 Troops Killed, 9 Others Captured During Withdrawal From Debaltseve: Ukraine|date=5 March 2015|publisher=|accessdate=5 March 2015}}</ref>
'''Hilang''': 340 prajurit<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rttnews.com/2465867/19-troops-killed-9-others-captured-during-withdrawal-from-debaltseve-ukraine.aspx?type=pn|title=19 Troops Killed, 9 Others Captured During Withdrawal From Debaltseve: Ukraine|date=5 March 2015|publisher=|accessdate=5 March 2015}}</ref>


'''Ditawan''': 2.663 prajurit<ref name="180ukrainian">{{cite web|url=http://en.molbuk.ua/podii-na-pivdennomu-shodi/88050-boyovyky-utrymuyut-u-poloni-180-ukrayinskykh-viyskovosluzhbovciv.html|title=Militants held in captivity 180 Ukrainian servicemen|accessdate=16 March 2015}}</ref>
'''Ditawan''': 2.663 prajurit<ref name="180ukrainian">{{cite web|url=http://en.molbuk.ua/podii-na-pivdennomu-shodi/88050-boyovyky-utrymuyut-u-poloni-180-ukrayinskykh-viyskovosluzhbovciv.html|title=Militants held in captivity 180 Ukrainian servicemen|accessdate=16 March 2015|archive-date=2015-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103942/http://en.molbuk.ua/podii-na-pivdennomu-shodi/88050-boyovyky-utrymuyut-u-poloni-180-ukrayinskykh-viyskovosluzhbovciv.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>


| casualties2 = '''Korban jiwa''': 1.400<ref>[http://tass.ru/en/world/774959 7,000 people killed during Donbas conflict — DPR representative]</ref>–2,040,<ref>According to a report from 4 May 2015, the number of separatist deaths possibly exceeded the number of Ukrainian soldiers killed,[http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/05/04/out-of-kievs-hands/] which had been confirmed to be 2,040 as of 17 February 2015,[http://memorybook.org.ua/index.htm] making 2,040 a possible figure</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sputniknews.com/europe/20150310/1019307525.html|title=Nuland Claims 400-500 Russian Soldiers Killed in Eastern Ukraine|publisher=Sputnik News|date=10 March 2015|accessdate=10 March 2015}}</ref> 46 aktivis<ref name="UkraineNationalists"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2014/02/27/Unrest-in-Crimea-leaves-2-dead-government-buildings-seized/6371393516263/|title=Unrest in Crimea leaves 2 dead; government buildings seized|agency=United Press International|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="bchloro">{{cite news|author=Daria Marchak|author2=Michael Winfrey|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-05-19/ukrainian-investigator-sees-chloroform-as-cause-of-odessa-deaths|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029034506/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-05-19/ukrainian-investigator-sees-chloroform-as-cause-of-odessa-deaths|archivedate=2014-10-29|title=Ukrainian Investigator Sees Chloroform as Cause of Odessa Deaths|work=Bloomberg BusinessWeek|date=19 May 2014|accessdate=12 June 2014}}</ref>
| casualties2 = '''Korban jiwa''': 1.400<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tass.ru/en/world/774959 |title=7,000 people killed during Donbas conflict — DPR representative |access-date=2016-07-18 |archive-date=2018-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106142406/http://tass.ru/en/world/774959 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>–2,040,<ref>According to a report from 4 May 2015, the number of separatist deaths possibly exceeded the number of Ukrainian soldiers killed,[http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/05/04/out-of-kievs-hands/] which had been confirmed to be 2,040 as of 17 February 2015,[http://memorybook.org.ua/index.htm] making 2,040 a possible figure</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sputniknews.com/europe/20150310/1019307525.html|title=Nuland Claims 400-500 Russian Soldiers Killed in Eastern Ukraine|publisher=Sputnik News|date=10 March 2015|accessdate=10 March 2015}}</ref> 46 aktivis<ref name="UkraineNationalists"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2014/02/27/Unrest-in-Crimea-leaves-2-dead-government-buildings-seized/6371393516263/|title=Unrest in Crimea leaves 2 dead; government buildings seized|agency=United Press International|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="bchloro">{{cite news|author=Daria Marchak|author2=Michael Winfrey|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-05-19/ukrainian-investigator-sees-chloroform-as-cause-of-odessa-deaths|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029034506/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-05-19/ukrainian-investigator-sees-chloroform-as-cause-of-odessa-deaths|archivedate=2014-10-29|title=Ukrainian Investigator Sees Chloroform as Cause of Odessa Deaths|work=Bloomberg BusinessWeek|date=19 May 2014|accessdate=12 June 2014}}</ref>


'''Ditawan''': 2.768 militan dan pendukung<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zn.ua/UKRAINE/milicii-donbassa-nuzhno-20-tys-chelovek-dlya-zameny-predateley-i-dezertirov-149826_.html|script-title=ru:Милиции Донбасса нужны 20 тыс. человек для замены предателей и дезертиров, - Аваков|trans-title=Donbass militia need 20 thousand people to replace traitors and deserters - Avakov|language=ru|date=29 July 2014|work=Mirror Weekly|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
'''Ditawan''': 2.768 militan dan pendukung<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zn.ua/UKRAINE/milicii-donbassa-nuzhno-20-tys-chelovek-dlya-zameny-predateley-i-dezertirov-149826_.html|script-title=ru:Милиции Донбасса нужны 20 тыс. человек для замены предателей и дезертиров, - Аваков|trans-title=Donbass militia need 20 thousand people to replace traitors and deserters - Avakov|language=ru|date=29 July 2014|work=Mirror Weekly|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
Baris 79: Baris 79:
}}
}}


Sejak akhir Februari 2014, demonstrasi oleh kelompok-kelompok pro-Rusia dan anti-pemerintah berlangsung di kota-kota besar di seluruh [[Ukraina Timur|timur]] dan [[Ukraina Selatan|selatan]] wilayah [[Ukraina]], sebagai [[Krisis Ukraina 2013-2015|dampak]] dari gerakan [[Euromaidan]] dan [[revolusi Ukraina 2014]]. Dalam tahap awal kerusuhan, [[Crimea]] [[Aneksasi Crimea oleh Federasi Rusia|dianeksasi]] oleh [[Federasi Rusia]] setelah [[krisis Crimea 2014|krisis di wilayah tersebut]], [[intervensi militer Rusia di Ukraina (2014-sekarang) |intervensi militer Rusia]], dan kritik internasional terhadap [[referendum status Crimea 2014|referendum]]. Protes di [[oblast Ukraina|oblast]] [[Oblast Donetsk|Donetsk]] dan [[Oblast Luhansk|Luhansk]] meningkat menjadi [[Perang di Donbass|pemberontakan separatis bersenjata]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/armed-pro-russian-insurgents-in-luhansk-say-they-are-ready-for-police-raid-343167.html | title=Armed pro-Russian insurgents in Luhansk say they are ready for police raid | work=Kyiv Post | date=12 April 2014 | last=Grytsenko | first=Oksana}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Peter Leonard|url=http://news.yahoo.com/kiev-government-deploy-troops-ukraines-east-232441379.html#|title=Kiev government to deploy troops in Ukraine's east|work=Yahoo News|agency=Associated Press|date=13 April 2014|accessdate=14 April 2014}}</ref>
'''Kerusuhan pro-Rusia di Ukraina 2014''' adalah sebuah peristiwa [[Unjuk rasa|demonstrasi]] oleh kelompok-kelompok [[Rusia|pro-Rusia]] dan anti pemerintah berlangsung di kota-kota besar di seluruh Ukraina timur dan Ukraina selatan, sebagai dampak dari gerakan [[Euromaidan]] dan [[Kerusuhan Euromaidan Februari 2014|revolusi Ukraina 2014]]. Dalam tahap awal kerusuhan, [[Krimea]] [[Krisis Krimea 2014|dianeksasi]] oleh [[Rusia|Federasi Rusia]] setelah [[krisis Krimea 2014|krisis di wilayah tersebut]], intervensi militer Rusia, dan kritik internasional terhadap [[Referendum Krimea 2014|referendum]]. Protes di [[Oblast Donetsk]] dan [[Oblast Luhansk]] meningkat menjadi pemberontakan separatis bersenjata.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/armed-pro-russian-insurgents-in-luhansk-say-they-are-ready-for-police-raid-343167.html | title=Armed pro-Russian insurgents in Luhansk say they are ready for police raid | work=Kyiv Post | date=12 April 2014 | last=Grytsenko | first=Oksana}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Peter Leonard|url=http://news.yahoo.com/kiev-government-deploy-troops-ukraines-east-232441379.html#|title=Kiev government to deploy troops in Ukraine's east|work=Yahoo News|agency=Associated Press|date=13 April 2014|accessdate=14 April 2014}}</ref>
Hal ini menyebabkan pemerintah Ukraina meluncurkan serangan militer balasan terhadap pemberontak, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya [[Perang di Donbass]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2641715/Russia-accuses-West-pushing-Ukraine-fratricidal-war-Chechen-leader-denies-sending-troops-help-pro-Moscow-forces.html|title = Russia accuses the West of pushing Ukraine into 'fratricidal war' as Chechen leader denies sending troops to help pro-Moscow forces|date = 28 May 2014|accessdate = 1 June 2014|work = [[Daily Mail]]|website = }}</ref>


Hal ini menyebabkan [[pemerintah Ukraina]] meluncurkan serangan militer balasan terhadap pemberontak, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya [[Perang di Donbas]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2641715/Russia-accuses-West-pushing-Ukraine-fratricidal-war-Chechen-leader-denies-sending-troops-help-pro-Moscow-forces.html|title = Russia accuses the West of pushing Ukraine into 'fratricidal war' as Chechen leader denies sending troops to help pro-Moscow forces|date = 28 May 2014|accessdate = 1 June 2014|work = [[Daily Mail]]|website = }}</ref> Dari akhir tahun 2014, kota di luar zona tempur Donbass, seperti [[Kharkiv]], [[Odesa]], [[Kyiv]], dan [[Mariupol]], diserang dengan pengeboman yang menargetkan organisasi persatuan pro-Ukraina.<ref name="Bombing Campaign Dec14">[http://www.rferl.org/content/ukraine-bombing-campaign-odesa-kharkiv-mariupol-kyiv/26783218.html News Analysis: Bombing Campaign Opens New Front In Battle For Ukraine], [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] (January 09, 2015)</ref><ref name="Bomb Odesa 4115">[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/06/world/europe/francois-hollande-says-destabilizing-sanctions-on-russia-must-stop-now.html French Leader Urges End to Sanctions Against Russia Over Ukraine], [[New York Times]] (5 January 2015)<br>[http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/latest-explosion-in-odessa-strikes-pro-ukraine-organization/514043.html Latest Explosion in Odessa Strikes Pro-Ukraine Organization (Video)], [[The Moscow Times]] (5 January 2015)<br>[http://mashable.com/2015/01/05/explosion-in-odessa-ukraine/ Mysterious bombing rocks Ukrainian port city of Odessa], [[Mashable]] (5 January 2015)</ref>
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==Referensi==

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== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{War in Donbas}}
{{Russian conflicts}}
{{Russo-Ukrainian War navbox}}

[[Kategori:Perang Rusia-Ukraina]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Ukraina]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Ukraina]]

Revisi terkini sejak 19 Desember 2022 23.11

Kerusuhan pro-Rusia di Ukraina 2014
Bagian dari Krisis Ukraina
Peta protes menurut wilayah, menunjukkan tingkat keparahan kerusuhan pada puncaknya
Tanggal20 Februari–19 Maret 2014 (Krisis Krimea)
23 Februari–Oktober 2014 (protes)
6 April 2014–sekarang (Perang di Donbas)
LokasiUkraina timur
Ukraina selatan
Krimea
SebabOposisi Euromaidan, Revolusi Ukraina 2014, dan komposisi pemerintahan transisi[1][2]
Tujuan
Metode
Hasil
Pihak terlibat

Aktivis Pro-Rusian

Federasi Rusia

Jumlah
50.000[27]
~10,000[28][29] to ~20,000[30]
Jumlah korban

Korban jiwa: 2.112[31]–2.854[32] prajurit, 8 aktivis[33][34][35]

Terluka: 6.331 prajurit[31]

Hilang: 340 prajurit[36]

Ditawan: 2.663 prajurit[37]

Korban jiwa: 1.400[38]–2,040,[39][40] 46 aktivis[34][41][42]

Ditawan: 2.768 militan dan pendukung[43]
dalam Perang Donbass saja, 6.254 terbunuh secara keseluruhan[44] (termasuk 304 warga sipil asing)[45][46][47][48]

1.177.748 pengungsi Ukraina dalam negeri dan 763.632 melarikan diri ke luar negeri (terutama ke Rusia)[44]

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat Korban krisis Ukraina

Kerusuhan pro-Rusia di Ukraina 2014 adalah sebuah peristiwa demonstrasi oleh kelompok-kelompok pro-Rusia dan anti pemerintah berlangsung di kota-kota besar di seluruh Ukraina timur dan Ukraina selatan, sebagai dampak dari gerakan Euromaidan dan revolusi Ukraina 2014. Dalam tahap awal kerusuhan, Krimea dianeksasi oleh Federasi Rusia setelah krisis di wilayah tersebut, intervensi militer Rusia, dan kritik internasional terhadap referendum. Protes di Oblast Donetsk dan Oblast Luhansk meningkat menjadi pemberontakan separatis bersenjata.[49][50]

Hal ini menyebabkan pemerintah Ukraina meluncurkan serangan militer balasan terhadap pemberontak, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya Perang di Donbas.[51] Dari akhir tahun 2014, kota di luar zona tempur Donbass, seperti Kharkiv, Odesa, Kyiv, dan Mariupol, diserang dengan pengeboman yang menargetkan organisasi persatuan pro-Ukraina.[52][53]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ "Party of Regions, Communist Party banned in Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil regions". Kyiv Post. 27 January 2014. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2014. 
  2. ^ "Activity of Regions Party, Communist Party, Yanukovych's portraits banned in Drohobych". Kyiv Post. 21 February 2014. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2014. 
  3. ^ "East Ukraine separatists seek union with Russia". BBC News. 12 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 12 May 2014. 
  4. ^ a b "Pro-Russia Protesters Storm Donetsk Offices". NBC News. 16 March 2014. Diakses tanggal 17 March 2014. 
  5. ^ a b "Ukraine's east on fire: Kharkov demands referendum, Donetsk prosecutor's HQ stormed". Russia: RT. 16 March 2014. Diakses tanggal 17 March 2014. 
  6. ^ "Kharkiv regional council demands official status for Russian language". Interfax-Ukraine News Agency. 24 April 2014. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2014. 
  7. ^ "Ukraine unrest: Kiev 'helpless' to quell parts of east". BBC News. 30 April 2014. Diakses tanggal 30 April 2014. 
  8. ^ Parubiy says "anti-terrorist" operation will continue as separatists in Luhansk, Donetsk reject Putin’s call to postpone referendum. Kyiv Post. 8 May 2014
  9. ^ "Donbas Special Battalion in control of parts of Donetsk region". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 21 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 28 June 2014. 
  10. ^ У Слов'янську почалася Антитерористична операція - Аваков [Antiterrorist operations have begun in Slovyansk - Avakov]. Ukrayinska Pravda (dalam bahasa Ukrainian). 13 April 2014. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2015. 
  11. ^ "How did Odessa's fire happen?". BBC News. 4 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 11 May 2014. 
  12. ^ "Dozens dead after Odessa building fire". The Guardian. 2 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 11 May 2014. 
  13. ^ "Paramilitaries seize Donetsk rebels' HQ". Financial Times. 29 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 29 May 2014. 
  14. ^ "Meet the Russian Orthodox Army, Ukrainian Separatists' Shock Troops". NBC News. 16 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 2 June 2014. 
  15. ^ ""South-East Army" urges Kiev's security forces to leave territory of Lugansk People's Republic". voiceofrussia.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 17 June 2014. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  16. ^ Gabriela Baczynska (1 June 2014). "More foreign fighters break cover among Ukraine separatists". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-06-02. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  17. ^ "Russian journalists come fire from Ukrainian troops in Lugansk". voiceofrussia.com. 11 July 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 July 2014. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  18. ^ Yuras Karmanau (10 July 2014). "Ukraine rebels face drop in morale: 'What's the point of fighting?'". Toronto Star. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  19. ^ "Miners rally in favor of separatists in eastern Ukraine". Reuters. 28 May 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-06-08. Diakses tanggal 29 April 2014. 
  20. ^ Yuras Karmanau; Vladimir Isachenkov (17 April 2014). "Vladimir Putin admits for first time Russian troops took over Crimea, refuses to rule out intervention in Donetsk". National Post. Associated Press. Diakses tanggal 10 May 2014. 
  21. ^ "Ukraine gets new evidence of Russian soldiers fighting on its turf (PHOTOS)". Kyiv Post. 21 August 2014. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2014. 
  22. ^ "NATO condemns Moscow's aid convoy, says Russian artillery firing at Ukrainian army". The Washington Post. 22 August 2014. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2014. 
  23. ^ "Ukraine accuses Russia of invasion after aid convoy crosses border". Reuters. 22 August 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-08-22. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2014. 
  24. ^ "Russia Moves Artillery Units into Ukraine, NATO Says". The New York Times. 22 August 2014. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2014. 
  25. ^ "Ukraine: Mounting evidence of war crimes and Russian involvement". Amnesty International. 7 September 2014. Diakses tanggal 8 September 2014. 
  26. ^ "Russians Revealed Among Ukraine Fighters". The New York Times. 27 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 29 May 2014. 
  27. ^ PM Yatseniuk: Some 50,000 military participate in ATO //Ukrinform, 11 August 2014
  28. ^ "Ukraine army still far from victory over rebels in east". BBC. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  29. ^ "Ukraine's next battle is Donetsk, but no bombs, please". USA Today. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  30. ^ "The army of the Lugansk and Donetsk People's Republics has 20,000 fighters - Gubarev". ITAR-TASS. 9 July 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-12-22. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2014. 
  31. ^ a b "At least 2,112 soldiers killed in Russia's war against Ukraine". KyivPost. 11 April 2015. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2015. 
  32. ^ 2,000 killed (6 April–18 September),[1] 790 killed (19 September–17 February),[2] 53 killed (17 February–28 April),[3] 11 killed (29 April–11 May),[4] total of 2,854 reported killed
  33. ^ "Police say 42 killed in Odessa in worst violence of Ukraine crisis". Los Angeles Times. 2 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 9 May 2014. 
  34. ^ a b "Two Killed in Ukraine as Protesters Clash in Kharkiv". International Business Times. 15 March 2014. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2014. 
  35. ^ Зверски убитого крымского татарина звали Решат Аметов. Трое малолетних детей осиротели. [Crimean Tatar, Reşat Ametov, brutally murdered. His three children orphaned] (dalam bahasa Russian). censor.net.ua. 18 March 2014. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2015. 
  36. ^ "19 Troops Killed, 9 Others Captured During Withdrawal From Debaltseve: Ukraine". 5 March 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 March 2015. 
  37. ^ "Militants held in captivity 180 Ukrainian servicemen". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-04-02. Diakses tanggal 16 March 2015. 
  38. ^ "7,000 people killed during Donbas conflict — DPR representative". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-11-06. Diakses tanggal 2016-07-18. 
  39. ^ According to a report from 4 May 2015, the number of separatist deaths possibly exceeded the number of Ukrainian soldiers killed,[5] which had been confirmed to be 2,040 as of 17 February 2015,[6] making 2,040 a possible figure
  40. ^ "Nuland Claims 400-500 Russian Soldiers Killed in Eastern Ukraine". Sputnik News. 10 March 2015. Diakses tanggal 10 March 2015. 
  41. ^ "Unrest in Crimea leaves 2 dead; government buildings seized". United Press International. Diakses tanggal 1 October 2014. 
  42. ^ Daria Marchak; Michael Winfrey (19 May 2014). "Ukrainian Investigator Sees Chloroform as Cause of Odessa Deaths". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-29. Diakses tanggal 12 June 2014. 
  43. ^ Милиции Донбасса нужны 20 тыс. человек для замены предателей и дезертиров, - Аваков [Donbass militia need 20 thousand people to replace traitors and deserters - Avakov]. Mirror Weekly (dalam bahasa Rusia). 29 July 2014. Diakses tanggal 2 July 2015. 
  44. ^ a b "UKRAINE Situation report No.34 as of 3 April 2015" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 7 April 2015. 
  45. ^ "298 killed after Malaysian airliner shot down in Ukraine". USA Today. 17 July 2014. 
  46. ^ "Russia warns Ukraine of 'irreversible consequences' after cross-border shelling". The Washington Post. 13 July 2014. Diakses tanggal 14 July 2014. 
  47. ^ "Ukraine crisis: Lithuania envoy killed in Luhansk". BBC News. Diakses tanggal 1 October 2014. 
  48. ^ "House Speaker: Moscow to Consider Kiev Accomplice to Stenin Murder if It Protected Killer". RIA Novosti. Diakses tanggal 1 October 2014. 
  49. ^ Grytsenko, Oksana (12 April 2014). "Armed pro-Russian insurgents in Luhansk say they are ready for police raid". Kyiv Post. 
  50. ^ Peter Leonard (13 April 2014). "Kiev government to deploy troops in Ukraine's east". Yahoo News. Associated Press. Diakses tanggal 14 April 2014. 
  51. ^ "Russia accuses the West of pushing Ukraine into 'fratricidal war' as Chechen leader denies sending troops to help pro-Moscow forces". Daily Mail. 28 May 2014. Diakses tanggal 1 June 2014. 
  52. ^ News Analysis: Bombing Campaign Opens New Front In Battle For Ukraine, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (January 09, 2015)
  53. ^ French Leader Urges End to Sanctions Against Russia Over Ukraine, New York Times (5 January 2015)
    Latest Explosion in Odessa Strikes Pro-Ukraine Organization (Video), The Moscow Times (5 January 2015)
    Mysterious bombing rocks Ukrainian port city of Odessa, Mashable (5 January 2015)
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