Lobster: Perbedaan antara revisi
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
||
(11 revisi perantara oleh 7 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1: | Baris 1: | ||
{{infobox spesies |
{{infobox spesies |
||
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Valanginian|0|Valanginium–Sekarang}} |
|||
| categoria_subdivisio = Subfamilia dan genera |
| categoria_subdivisio = Subfamilia dan genera |
||
| subdivisio = |
| subdivisio = |
||
Baris 18: | Baris 19: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
[[Berkas:Lobster traps.jpg|jmpl|ka|Jaring lobster]] |
[[Berkas:Lobster traps.jpg|jmpl|ka|Jaring lobster]] |
||
{{nutritional value |name=Lobster Amerika, kukus |image=[[Berkas:SteamedLobster.jpg|240px]] |caption=Lobster utuh yang dikukus |kJ=372 |protein=19.0 g |fat=0.86 g |satfat=0.208 g |monofat=0.253 g |polyfat=0.340 g |carbs=0 g |fibre=0 g |sugars=0 g |iron_mg=0.29 |calcium_mg=96 |magnesium_mg=43 |phosphorus_mg=185 |potassium_mg=230 |zinc_mg=4.05 |vitC_mg=0 |pantothenic_mg=1.667 |vitB6_mg=0.119 |folate_ug=11 |thiamin_mg=0.023 |riboflavin_mg=0.017 |niacin_mg=1.830 |right=1 |source=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4588?max=25&qlookup=lobster&format=Full |title=Nutrient data for 15148, Crustaceans, lobster, northern, cooked, moist heat |work=National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24 |publisher=USDA [[Agricultural Research Service]] |date=March 30, 2012 |accessdate=July 17, 2012}}</ref>}} |
{{nutritional value |name=Lobster Amerika, kukus |image=[[Berkas:SteamedLobster.jpg|240px]] |caption=Lobster utuh yang dikukus |kJ=372 |protein=19.0 g |fat=0.86 g |satfat=0.208 g |monofat=0.253 g |polyfat=0.340 g |carbs=0 g |fibre=0 g |sugars=0 g |iron_mg=0.29 |calcium_mg=96 |magnesium_mg=43 |phosphorus_mg=185 |potassium_mg=230 |zinc_mg=4.05 |vitC_mg=0 |pantothenic_mg=1.667 |vitB6_mg=0.119 |folate_ug=11 |thiamin_mg=0.023 |riboflavin_mg=0.017 |niacin_mg=1.830 |right=1 |source=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4588?max=25&qlookup=lobster&format=Full |title=Nutrient data for 15148, Crustaceans, lobster, northern, cooked, moist heat |work=National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24 |publisher=USDA [[Agricultural Research Service]] |date=March 30, 2012 |accessdate=July 17, 2012 |archive-date=2014-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218014634/http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4588?max=25&qlookup=lobster&format=Full |dead-url=yes }}</ref>}} |
||
'''Lobster''' bercapit membentuk sebuah keluarga ( |
'''Lobster''' bercapit membentuk sebuah keluarga (''Nephropidae'', kadang kala juga ''Homaridae'') dari [[krustasea]] besar laut. Lobster juga biasa disebut sebagai, '''bekara''', '''udang karang''' atau '''udang barong'''. |
||
== Biologi == |
== Biologi == |
||
Lobster bercapit jangan dibingungkan dengan [[lobster spiny]], yang tidak memiliki capit (''chelae'') dan tidak berhubungan dekat. Hubungan terdekat dari lobster bercapit adalah [[lobster reef]] ''Enoplometopus'' dan tiga keluarga dari [[ |
Lobster bercapit jangan dibingungkan dengan [[lobster spiny]], yang tidak memiliki capit (''chelae'') dan tidak berhubungan dekat. Hubungan terdekat dari lobster bercapit adalah [[lobster reef]] ''Enoplometopus'' dan tiga keluarga dari [[lobster air tawar]]. |
||
== |
== Spesies == |
||
Spesies lobster diantaranya: |
Spesies lobster diantaranya: |
||
** ''[[Acanthacaris]]'' |
|||
* [[Atlantic deep-sea lobster]] (''Acanthacaris caeca'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Acanthacaris caeca]]'' <small>A. Milne-Edwards, 1881</small> |
|||
* [[Prickly deep-sea lobster]] (''Acanthacaris tenuimana'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Acanthacaris tenuimana]]'' <small>Bate, 1888</small> |
|||
* [[Red lobster]] (''Eunephrops bairdii'') |
|||
** ''[[Dinochelus]]'' <small>Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010</small> |
|||
* [[Sculptured lobster]] (''Eunephrops cadenasi'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Dinochelus ausubeli]]'' <small>Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010</small> |
|||
* [[Banded lobster]] (''Eunephrops manningi'') |
|||
** ''[[Eunephrops]]'' <small>Smith, 1885</small> |
|||
* [[Cape lobster]] (''Homarinus capensis'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Eunephrops bairdii]]'' <small>Smith, 1885</small> |
|||
* [[American lobster]] (''Homarus americanus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Eunephrops cadenasi]]'' <small>Chace, 1939</small> |
|||
* [[European lobster]] (''Homarus gammarus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Eunephrops luckhursti]]'' <small>Manning, 1997</small> |
|||
* [[Andaman lobster]] (''Metanephrops andamanicus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Eunephrops manningi]]'' <small>Holthuis, 1974</small> |
|||
* [[Arafura lobster]] (''Metanephrops arafurensis'') |
|||
** ''[[Homarinus]]'' <small>Kornfield, Williams & Steneck, 1995</small> |
|||
* [[Armored lobster]] (''Metanephrops armatus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Cape lobster|Homarinus capensis]]'' <small>(Herbst, 1792)</small>–Lobster tanjung |
|||
* [[Northwest lobster]] (''Metanephrops australensis'') |
|||
** ''[[Homarus]]'' <small>Weber, 1795</small> |
|||
* [[Caribbean lobsterette]] (''Metanephrops binghami'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Lobster amerika|Homarus americanus]]'' <small>H. Milne-Edwards, 1837</small>–Lobster Amerika |
|||
* [[New Zealand lobster]] (''Metanephrops challengeri'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Homarus gammarus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>–Lobster Eropa |
|||
* [[Formosa lobster]] (''Metanephrops formosanus'') |
|||
** ''[[Metanephrops]]'' <small>Jenkins, 1972</small> |
|||
* [[Japanese lobster]] (''Metanephrops japonicus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops andamanicus]]'' <small>(Wood-Mason, 1892)</small>–Lobster Andaman |
|||
* [[African lobster]] (''Metanephrops mozambicus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops arafurensis]]'' <small>(De Man, 1905)</small> |
|||
* [[Neptune lobster]] (''Metanephrops neptunus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops armatus]]'' <small>Chan & Yu, 1991</small> |
|||
* [[Urugavian lobster]] (''Metanephrops rubellus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops australiensis]]'' <small>(Bruce, 1966)</small>–Lobster Australia |
|||
* [[Sculpted lobster]] (''Metanephrops sagamiensis'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops binghami]]'' <small>(Boone, 1927)</small>–Lobster Karibia |
|||
* [[Siboga lobster]] (''Metanephrops sibogae'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops boschmai]]'' <small>(Holthuis, 1964)</small>–Lobster Bight |
|||
* [[China lobster]] (''Metanephrops sinensis'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops challengeri]]'' <small>(Balss, 1914)</small>–Lobster New Zealand |
|||
* [[Red-banded lobster]] (''Metanephrops thomsoni'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops formosanus]]'' <small>Chan & Yu, 1987</small> |
|||
* [[Velvet lobster]] (''Metanephrops velutinus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops japonicus]]'' <small>(Tapparone-Canefri, 1873)</small>–Lobster Jepang |
|||
* [[Bight lobster]] (''Metanephrops boschmai'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops mozambicus]]'' <small>Macpherson, 1990</small> |
|||
* [[Mitten lobsterette]] (''Nephropides caribaeus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops neptunus]]'' <small>(Bruce, 1965)</small> |
|||
* [[Norway lobster]] (''Nephrops norvegicus'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops rubellus]]'' <small>(Moreira, 1903)</small> |
|||
* [[Spinetail lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis acanthura'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops sagamiensis]]'' <small>(Parisi, 1917)</small> |
|||
* [[Florida lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis aculeata'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops sibogae]]'' <small>(De Man, 1916)</small> |
|||
* [[Prickly lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis agassizii'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops sinensis]]'' <small>(Bruce, 1966)</small>–Lobster Tiongkok |
|||
* [[Scarlet lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis atlantica'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops taiwanicus]]'' <small>(Hu, 1983)</small> |
|||
* [[Ridge-back lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis carpenteri'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops thomsoni]]'' <small>(Bate, 1888)</small> |
|||
* [[Gladiator lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis ensirostris'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Metanephrops velutinus]]'' <small>Chan & Yu, 1991</small> |
|||
* [[Saya de Malha lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis malhaensis'') |
|||
** ''[[Nephropides]]'' <small>Manning, 1969</small> |
|||
* [[Ruby lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis neglecta'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropides caribaeus]]'' <small>Manning, 1969</small> |
|||
* [[Pacific lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis occidentalis'') |
|||
** ''[[Nephrops]]'' <small>Leach, 1814</small> |
|||
* [[Rosy lobsterette|Rosy (or two-toned) lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis rosea'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephrops norvegicus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>–Lobster Norway, Udang Dublin Bay, langoustine |
|||
* [[Indian Ocean lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis stewarti'') |
|||
** ''[[Nephropsis]]'' <small>Wood-Mason, 1872</small> |
|||
* [[Red and white lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis suhmi'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis acanthura]]'' <small>Macpherson, 1990</small> |
|||
* [[Grooved lobsterette]] (''Nephropsis sulcata'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis aculeata]]'' <small>Smith, 1881</small>–Lobster Florida |
|||
* [[Bellator lobster]] (''Thymopides grobovi'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis agassizii]]'' <small>A. Milne-Edwards, 1880</small> |
|||
* [[Patagonian lobsterette]] (''Thymops birsteini'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis atlantica]]'' <small>Norman, 1882</small> |
|||
* [[Nilenta lobsterette]] (''Thymopsis nilenta'') |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis carpenteri]]'' <small>Wood-Mason, 1885</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis ensirostris]]'' <small>Alcock, 1901</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis holthuisii]]'' <small>Macpherson, 1993</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis malhaensis]]'' <small>Borradaile, 1910</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis neglecta]]'' <small>Holthuis, 1974</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis occidentalis]]'' <small>Faxon, 1893</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis rosea]]'' <small>Bate, 1888</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis serrata]]'' <small>Macpherson, 1993</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis stewarti]]'' <small>Wood-Mason, 1872</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis suhmi]]'' <small>Bate, 1888</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Nephropsis sulcata]]'' <small>Macpherson, 1990</small> |
|||
** ''[[Thaumastocheles]]'' <small>Wood-Mason, 1874</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thaumastocheles dochmiodon]]'' <small>Chan & Saint Laurent, 1999</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thaumastocheles japonicus]]'' <small>Calman, 1913</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thaumastocheles zaleucus]]'' <small>(Thomson, 1873)</small> |
|||
** ''[[Thaumastochelopsis]]'' <small>Bruce, 1988</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thaumastochelopsis brucei]]'' <small>Ahyong, Chu & Chan, 2007</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thaumastochelopsis wardi]]'' <small>Bruce, 1988</small> |
|||
** ''[[Thymopides]]'' <small>Burukovsky & Averin, 1977</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thymopides grobovi]]'' <small>(Burukovsky & Averin, 1976)</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thymopides laurentae]]'' <small>Segonzac & Macpherson, 2003</small> |
|||
** ''[[Thymops]]'' <small>Holthuis, 1974</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thymops birsteini]]'' <small>(Zarenkov & Semenov, 1972)</small> |
|||
** ''[[Thymopsis nilenta|Thymopsis]]'' <small>Holthuis, 1974</small> |
|||
*:* ''[[Thymopsis nilenta]]'' <small>Holthuis, 1974</small> |
|||
== Industri lobster == |
== Industri lobster == |
||
Baris 76: | Baris 102: | ||
== Sebagai makanan == |
== Sebagai makanan == |
||
Lobster baru populer di pertengahan abad ke 19 (sebelum tahun 2000), diperkenalkan oleh penduduk New York dan Boston.<ref>{{cite book|author=Colin Woodard|url=http://www.colinwoodard.com/lobstercoast|title=The Lobster Coast|publisher=New York: Viking/Penguin|isbn=0-670-03324-3|year=2004|pages=170–180}}</ref> Ketika itu, kapal khusus juga dibangun untuk menjaga agar lobster yang ditangkap tetap hidup selama transportasi<ref>{{cite web | title=The Lobster Institute: History | work=The Lobster Institute at the University of Maine | url=http://www.lobster.um.maine.edu/index.php?page=52 | accessdate=2012-06-11 }}</ref> Ketika itu lobster merupakan makanan orang miskin di [[Maine]], [[Massachusetts]], dan penduduk pinggir pantai Kanada.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article581926.ece|title=How lobster went up in the world|publisher=The Times|date=October 24, 2005|location=London|author=Mark Henderson|accessdate=May 11, 2010}}</ref> Lobster ketika itu juga disajikan kepada [[narapidana]] untuk mengganggu selera makan mereka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maine.gov/sos/kids/about/lobster.htm |work=All About Maine |title=Lobster |publisher=[[Secretary of State of Maine]] |accessdate=July 29, 2013}}</ref> Pemanfaatan lainnya dari lobster ketika itu adalah sebagai bahan pupuk dan umpan ikan, dan baru [[pengalengan ikan|dikalengkan]] pada awal abad ke 20.<ref name="Fish Forever">{{cite book|first=Paul|last=Johnson|title=Fish Forever: The Definitive Guide to Understanding, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy, Delicious, and Environmentally Sustainable Seafood|chapter=Lobster|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7645-8779-5|pages= |
Lobster baru populer di pertengahan abad ke 19 (sebelum tahun 2000), diperkenalkan oleh penduduk New York dan Boston.<ref>{{cite book|author=Colin Woodard|url=http://www.colinwoodard.com/lobstercoast|title=The Lobster Coast|publisher=New York: Viking/Penguin|isbn=0-670-03324-3|year=2004|pages=170–180|access-date=2014-04-27|archive-date=2012-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219044647/http://www.colinwoodard.com/lobstercoast|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ketika itu, kapal khusus juga dibangun untuk menjaga agar lobster yang ditangkap tetap hidup selama transportasi<ref>{{cite web | title=The Lobster Institute: History | work=The Lobster Institute at the University of Maine | url=http://www.lobster.um.maine.edu/index.php?page=52 | accessdate=2012-06-11 | archive-date=2006-09-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060907212957/http://www.lobster.um.maine.edu/index.php?page=52 | dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ketika itu lobster merupakan makanan orang miskin di [[Maine]], [[Massachusetts]], dan penduduk pinggir pantai Kanada.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article581926.ece|title=How lobster went up in the world|publisher=The Times|date=October 24, 2005|location=London|author=Mark Henderson|accessdate=May 11, 2010}}</ref> Lobster ketika itu juga disajikan kepada [[narapidana]] untuk mengganggu selera makan mereka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maine.gov/sos/kids/about/lobster.htm |work=All About Maine |title=Lobster |publisher=[[Secretary of State of Maine]] |accessdate=July 29, 2013 |archive-date=2014-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423221309/http://www.maine.gov/sos/kids/about/lobster.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pemanfaatan lainnya dari lobster ketika itu adalah sebagai bahan pupuk dan umpan ikan, dan baru [[pengalengan ikan|dikalengkan]] pada awal abad ke 20.<ref name="Fish Forever">{{cite book|first=Paul|last=Johnson|title=Fish Forever: The Definitive Guide to Understanding, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy, Delicious, and Environmentally Sustainable Seafood|url=https://archive.org/details/fishforeverdefin0000john|chapter=Lobster|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7645-8779-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/fishforeverdefin0000john/page/163 163]–175}}</ref> |
||
Lobster umumnya dimasak dengan dikukus atau direbus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atwoodlobster.com/site/cookinglobster.asp |title=Cooking lobsters |publisher=Atwood Lobster Company |accessdate=June 30, 2007 |archiveurl= |
Lobster umumnya dimasak dengan dikukus atau direbus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atwoodlobster.com/site/cookinglobster.asp |title=Cooking lobsters |publisher=Atwood Lobster Company |accessdate=June 30, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607114042/http://www.atwoodlobster.com/site/cookinglobster.asp |archivedate=2007-06-07 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kadar [[merkuri]] dari lobster Amerika sekitar 0.31 ppm.<ref name=mercury>{{cite web |url=http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/Seafood/FoodbornePathogensContaminants/Methylmercury/ucm115644.htm |title=Mercury Levels in Commercial Fish and Shellfish |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]] |accessdate=December 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306184953/http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/Seafood/FoodbornePathogensContaminants/Methylmercury/ucm115644.htm |archivedate=2013-03-06 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> |
||
== Lihat pula == |
== Lihat pula == |
||
{{portal|Pertanian}} |
{{portal|Pertanian}} |
||
* [[ |
* [[Udang Karang|Udang karang]] |
||
== Referensi == |
== Referensi == |
||
Baris 90: | Baris 116: | ||
{{Makanan laut}} |
{{Makanan laut}} |
||
{{daging}} |
{{daging}} |
||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1038113}} |
|||
[[Kategori:Hewan]] |
[[Kategori:Hewan]] |
||
[[Kategori:Makanan laut]] |
[[Kategori:Makanan laut]] |
||
[[Kategori:Kemunculan pertama Valanginium yang masih hidup]] |
Revisi per 18 Juni 2024 09.48
Lobster
| |
---|---|
Nephropidae | |
Taksonomi | |
Galat Lua: callParserFunction: function "Template" was not found. | |
Famili | Nephropidae Dana, 1990 |
Nilai nutrisi per 100 g (3,5 oz) | |
---|---|
Energi | 372 kJ (89 kcal) |
0 g | |
Gula | 0 g |
Serat pangan | 0 g |
0.86 g | |
Jenuh | 0.208 g |
Tak jenuh tunggal | 0.253 g |
Tak jenuh jamak | 0.340 g |
19.0 g | |
Vitamin | Kuantitas %AKG† |
Tiamina (B1) | 2% 0.023 mg |
Riboflavin (B2) | 1% 0.017 mg |
Niasin (B3) | 12% 1.830 mg |
Asam pantotenat (B5) | 33% 1.667 mg |
Vitamin B6 | 9% 0.119 mg |
Folat (B9) | 3% 11 μg |
Vitamin C | 0% 0 mg |
Mineral | Kuantitas %AKG† |
Kalsium | 10% 96 mg |
Zat besi | 2% 0.29 mg |
Magnesium | 12% 43 mg |
Fosfor | 26% 185 mg |
Potasium | 5% 230 mg |
Seng | 43% 4.05 mg |
| |
†Persen AKG berdasarkan rekomendasi Amerika Serikat untuk orang dewasa. Sumber: [1] |
Lobster bercapit membentuk sebuah keluarga (Nephropidae, kadang kala juga Homaridae) dari krustasea besar laut. Lobster juga biasa disebut sebagai, bekara, udang karang atau udang barong.
Biologi
Lobster bercapit jangan dibingungkan dengan lobster spiny, yang tidak memiliki capit (chelae) dan tidak berhubungan dekat. Hubungan terdekat dari lobster bercapit adalah lobster reef Enoplometopus dan tiga keluarga dari lobster air tawar.
Spesies
Spesies lobster diantaranya:
-
- Acanthacaris caeca A. Milne-Edwards, 1881
- Acanthacaris tenuimana Bate, 1888
- Dinochelus Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010
- Dinochelus ausubeli Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010
- Eunephrops Smith, 1885
- Eunephrops bairdii Smith, 1885
- Eunephrops cadenasi Chace, 1939
- Eunephrops luckhursti Manning, 1997
- Eunephrops manningi Holthuis, 1974
- Homarinus Kornfield, Williams & Steneck, 1995
- Homarinus capensis (Herbst, 1792)–Lobster tanjung
- Homarus Weber, 1795
- Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837–Lobster Amerika
- Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, 1758)–Lobster Eropa
- Metanephrops Jenkins, 1972
- Metanephrops andamanicus (Wood-Mason, 1892)–Lobster Andaman
- Metanephrops arafurensis (De Man, 1905)
- Metanephrops armatus Chan & Yu, 1991
- Metanephrops australiensis (Bruce, 1966)–Lobster Australia
- Metanephrops binghami (Boone, 1927)–Lobster Karibia
- Metanephrops boschmai (Holthuis, 1964)–Lobster Bight
- Metanephrops challengeri (Balss, 1914)–Lobster New Zealand
- Metanephrops formosanus Chan & Yu, 1987
- Metanephrops japonicus (Tapparone-Canefri, 1873)–Lobster Jepang
- Metanephrops mozambicus Macpherson, 1990
- Metanephrops neptunus (Bruce, 1965)
- Metanephrops rubellus (Moreira, 1903)
- Metanephrops sagamiensis (Parisi, 1917)
- Metanephrops sibogae (De Man, 1916)
- Metanephrops sinensis (Bruce, 1966)–Lobster Tiongkok
- Metanephrops taiwanicus (Hu, 1983)
- Metanephrops thomsoni (Bate, 1888)
- Metanephrops velutinus Chan & Yu, 1991
- Nephropides Manning, 1969
- Nephropides caribaeus Manning, 1969
- Nephrops Leach, 1814
- Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus, 1758)–Lobster Norway, Udang Dublin Bay, langoustine
- Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872
- Nephropsis acanthura Macpherson, 1990
- Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881–Lobster Florida
- Nephropsis agassizii A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
- Nephropsis atlantica Norman, 1882
- Nephropsis carpenteri Wood-Mason, 1885
- Nephropsis ensirostris Alcock, 1901
- Nephropsis holthuisii Macpherson, 1993
- Nephropsis malhaensis Borradaile, 1910
- Nephropsis neglecta Holthuis, 1974
- Nephropsis occidentalis Faxon, 1893
- Nephropsis rosea Bate, 1888
- Nephropsis serrata Macpherson, 1993
- Nephropsis stewarti Wood-Mason, 1872
- Nephropsis suhmi Bate, 1888
- Nephropsis sulcata Macpherson, 1990
- Thaumastocheles Wood-Mason, 1874
- Thaumastocheles dochmiodon Chan & Saint Laurent, 1999
- Thaumastocheles japonicus Calman, 1913
- Thaumastocheles zaleucus (Thomson, 1873)
- Thaumastochelopsis Bruce, 1988
- Thaumastochelopsis brucei Ahyong, Chu & Chan, 2007
- Thaumastochelopsis wardi Bruce, 1988
- Thymopides Burukovsky & Averin, 1977
- Thymopides grobovi (Burukovsky & Averin, 1976)
- Thymopides laurentae Segonzac & Macpherson, 2003
- Thymops Holthuis, 1974
- Thymops birsteini (Zarenkov & Semenov, 1972)
- Thymopsis Holthuis, 1974
- Thymopsis nilenta Holthuis, 1974
Industri lobster
Lobster kebanyakan datang dari pesisir timur laut Amerika Utara dengan Canadian Maritimes dan negara bagian Amerika Serikat Maine sebagai produsen terbesar. Mereka ditangkap dengan menggunakan jebakan lobster. Alat tersebut diberi umpan dan diturunkan ke dasar laut. Alat ini membiarkan lobster masuk, namun tidak mungkin bagi lobster besar untuk keluar. Alat ini membuat lobster kecil dapat keluar sehingga bisa mecegah penangkapan lobster yang berlebihan.
Sebagai makanan
Lobster baru populer di pertengahan abad ke 19 (sebelum tahun 2000), diperkenalkan oleh penduduk New York dan Boston.[2] Ketika itu, kapal khusus juga dibangun untuk menjaga agar lobster yang ditangkap tetap hidup selama transportasi[3] Ketika itu lobster merupakan makanan orang miskin di Maine, Massachusetts, dan penduduk pinggir pantai Kanada.[4] Lobster ketika itu juga disajikan kepada narapidana untuk mengganggu selera makan mereka.[5] Pemanfaatan lainnya dari lobster ketika itu adalah sebagai bahan pupuk dan umpan ikan, dan baru dikalengkan pada awal abad ke 20.[6]
Lobster umumnya dimasak dengan dikukus atau direbus.[7] Kadar merkuri dari lobster Amerika sekitar 0.31 ppm.[8]
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ "Nutrient data for 15148, Crustaceans, lobster, northern, cooked, moist heat". National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24. USDA Agricultural Research Service. March 30, 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-12-18. Diakses tanggal July 17, 2012.
- ^ Colin Woodard (2004). The Lobster Coast. New York: Viking/Penguin. hlm. 170–180. ISBN 0-670-03324-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-02-19. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-27.
- ^ "The Lobster Institute: History". The Lobster Institute at the University of Maine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-09-07. Diakses tanggal 2012-06-11.
- ^ Mark Henderson (October 24, 2005). "How lobster went up in the world". London: The Times. Diakses tanggal May 11, 2010.
- ^ "Lobster". All About Maine. Secretary of State of Maine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-04-23. Diakses tanggal July 29, 2013.
- ^ Johnson, Paul (2007). "Lobster". Fish Forever: The Definitive Guide to Understanding, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy, Delicious, and Environmentally Sustainable Seafood. John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 163–175. ISBN 978-0-7645-8779-5.
- ^ "Cooking lobsters". Atwood Lobster Company. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-06-07. Diakses tanggal June 30, 2007.
- ^ "Mercury Levels in Commercial Fish and Shellfish". Food and Drug Administration. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-03-06. Diakses tanggal December 25, 2009.