Kekaisaran Durrani: Perbedaan antara revisi
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(12 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
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{{Infobox Former Country |
{{Infobox Former Country |
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|native_name = د درانیانو واکمني |
| native_name = د درانیانو واکمني ([[Pashto]])<br>امپراتوری درانیان ([[Persia]]) |
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|conventional_long_name = Kekaisaran Durrani |
| conventional_long_name = Kekaisaran Durrani |
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|common_name = Kekaisaran Durrani |
| common_name = Kekaisaran Durrani |
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|continent = Asia |
| continent = Asia |
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| |
| region = [[Asia Selatan]] |
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|country = Afganistan |
| country = Afganistan |
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|year_start = 1747 |
| year_start = 1747 |
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|year_end = |
| year_end = 1823 |
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|p1 |
| p1 = Dinasti Afshariyah |
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|flag_p1 = Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg |
| flag_p1 = Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg |
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|p2 |
| p2 = Kemaharajaan Mughal |
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|flag_p2 = |
| flag_p2 = Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg |
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|p3 |
| p3 = Kekaisaran Maratha |
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|flag_p3 = Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg |
| flag_p3 = Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg |
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|s1 |
| s1 = Emirat Afganistan |
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|flag_s1 = Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg |
| flag_s1 = Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg |
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|s3 |
| s3 = Kekaisaran Sikh |
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|flag_s3 = Punjab flag.svg |
| flag_s3 = Punjab flag.svg |
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|s4 |
| s4 = Dinasti Qajar |
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|flag_s4 = Flag_of_Persia_(1910-1925).svg |
| flag_s4 = Flag_of_Persia_(1910-1925).svg |
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|date_start = |
| date_start = |
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|date_end = |
| date_end = |
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|event_start = |
| event_start = |
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|event_end = |
| event_end = |
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|image_flag =Flag_of_the_Durrani_Empire.svg |
| image_flag = Flag_of_the_Durrani_Empire.svg |
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|flag |
| flag = |
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|image_coat = |
| image_coat = |
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|image_map = Afghanistan unter Ahmad Schah Durrani.PNG |
| image_map = Afghanistan unter Ahmad Schah Durrani.PNG |
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|image_map_caption = |
| image_map_caption = |
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|national_motto = |
| national_motto = |
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|national_anthem = |
| national_anthem = |
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|capital = [[Kandahar]] dan [[Kabul]] |
| capital = [[Kandahar]] dan [[Kabul]] |
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|common_languages = [[Bahasa Pashto|Pashto]] (resmi)<br /> [[bahasa Persia|Persia]] dan [[Urdu]] (Lingua Franca) |
| common_languages = [[Bahasa Pashto|Pashto]] (resmi)<br /> [[bahasa Persia|Persia]] dan [[Urdu]] (Lingua Franca) |
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|government_type = [[Monarki]] |
| government_type = [[Monarki]] |
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|title_leader = [[Daftar |
| title_leader = [[Daftar penguasa Afganistan|Amir]] |
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|stat_year1 = |
| stat_year1 = |
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|stat_pop1 = |
| stat_pop1 = |
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|stat_area4 = |
| stat_area4 = |
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|population_density3 = |
| population_density3 = |
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|state religion = [[Islam Sunni]] |
| state religion = [[Islam Sunni]] |
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|currency = |
| currency = |
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|today |
| today = {{flag|Afganistan}}<br />{{flag|India}}<br />{{flag|Iran}} <br />{{flag|Pakistan}}<br />{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<br />{{flag|Turkmenistan}}<br />{{flag|Tajikistan}} |
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| demonym = |
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| area_km2 = |
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| area_rank = |
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| GDP_PPP = |
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| GDP_PPP_year = |
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| HDI = |
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| HDI_year = |
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| leader1 = [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] |
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| year_leader1 = 1747–1772 |
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| leader2 = [[Ayub Shah Durrani]] |
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| year_leader2 = 1819–1823 |
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| image_map2 = Durrani Empire (greatest extent).svg |
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| map_caption2 = Kekaisaran Durrani pada Periode kejayaannya |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Kekaisaran Durrani''' ({{lang-ps|'''د درانیانو واکمني'''}}, juga disebut '''Kekaisaran Afghan'''<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/7798/Afghanistan/21392/Last-Afghan-empire |title=Last Afghan empire |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[Louis Dupree (professor)|Louis Dupree]], [[Nancy Hatch Dupree]] and others |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |year=2010}}</ref><ref name="JFS">{{cite web |url=http:// |
'''Kekaisaran Durrani''' ({{lang-ps|'''د درانیانو واکمني'''}}, juga disebut '''Kekaisaran Afghan'''<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/7798/Afghanistan/21392/Last-Afghan-empire |title=Last Afghan empire |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[Louis Dupree (professor)|Louis Dupree]], [[Nancy Hatch Dupree]] and others |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |year=2010}}</ref><ref name="JFS">{{cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/text_761569370___42/Afghanistan.html |title=Afghanistan (Archived) |accessdate=2010-03-21 |work=John Ford Shroder |publisher=[[University of Nebraska]] |year=2010 |archive-date=2009-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031052339/http://encarta.msn.com/text_761569370___42/Afghanistan.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>) adalah monarki yang berpusat di [[Afganistan]]. Wilayahnya meliputi Afganistan, [[Iran]] timur laut, [[Pakistan]], dan wilayah [[Punjab]] di [[India]].<ref name="Engels">{{cite web |url=http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/afghanistan/index.htm |title=Afghanistan |accessdate=2010-08-25 |author=[[Friedrich Engels]] |work=Andy Blunden |publisher=The New American Cyclopaedia, Vol. I |year=1857}}</ref> Negara ini didirikan di [[Kandahar]] pada tahun 1747 oleh [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/10162/Ahmad-Shah-Durrani |title=Aḥmad Shah Durrānī |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work= |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |year=2010}}</ref> Setelah kematiannya pada tahun 1773, kekuasaan diserahkan kepada anak-anaknya, dan lalu cucunya, dan ibu kota dipindah ke [[Kabul]] |
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Dengan dukungan para kepala suku, Ahmad Shah Durrani mampu memperluas kekuasaan negerinya. Kekaisaran Afghanistan terbentang dari [[Meshed]] ke [[Kashmir]] dan [[Delhi]], dan dari [[Amu Darya]] ke [[Laut Arab]]. Kekaisaran Durrani dianggap sebagai fondasi negara Afganistan saat ini,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html |title=Afghanistan |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[CIA]] |publisher=[[The World Factbook]] |date=}}</ref> dan Ahmad Shah Durrani dihormati sebagai "Bapak Bangsa" Afganistan.<ref name="Singh">{{cite book|title=Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan|last1=Ganḍā|first1=Singh|authorlink=|coauthors=|volume=|year=1959|publisher=Asia Pub. House|location=|isbn=1402172788, 9781402172786|page=|pages=457|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F_A8AAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=2010-08-25}}</ref> |
Dengan dukungan para kepala suku, Ahmad Shah Durrani mampu memperluas kekuasaan negerinya. Kekaisaran Afghanistan terbentang dari [[Meshed]] ke [[Kashmir]] dan [[Delhi]], dan dari [[Amu Darya]] ke [[Laut Arab]]. Kekaisaran Durrani dianggap sebagai fondasi negara Afganistan saat ini,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html |title=Afghanistan |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[CIA]] |publisher=[[The World Factbook]] |date= |archive-date=2017-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920072213/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan Ahmad Shah Durrani dihormati sebagai "Bapak Bangsa" Afganistan.<ref name="Singh">{{cite book|title=Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan|last1=Ganḍā|first1=Singh|authorlink=|coauthors=|volume=|year=1959|publisher=Asia Pub. House|location=|isbn=1402172788, 9781402172786|page=|pages=457|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F_A8AAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=2010-08-25}}</ref> |
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== Catatan kaki == |
== Catatan kaki == |
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* [http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/afghanistan/afghanistancollection/1747to1809/sources1747to1809.html Afghanistan 1747-1809: Sources in the India Office Records] |
* [http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/afghanistan/afghanistancollection/1747to1809/sources1747to1809.html Afghanistan 1747-1809: Sources in the India Office Records] |
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* [http://www.chiefacoins.com/Database/Countries/Afghanistan.htm#Durrani Some details and images of Durrani coins] |
* [http://www.chiefacoins.com/Database/Countries/Afghanistan.htm#Durrani Some details and images of Durrani coins] |
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* [http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/abdali.html Biography of Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani)] |
* [http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/abdali.html Biography of Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100812115521/http://www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/abdali.html |date=2010-08-12 }} |
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* [http://www.afghanland.com/history/ahmadshah.html Ahmad Shah Baba] |
* [http://www.afghanland.com/history/ahmadshah.html Ahmad Shah Baba] |
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* [http://www.khyber.org/pashtotribes/a/abdali.shtml History of Abdali tribe] |
* [http://www.khyber.org/pashtotribes/a/abdali.shtml History of Abdali tribe] |
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Baris 60: | Baris 73: | ||
* [http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/koh-i-noordiamond.html Famous Diamonds: The Koh-I-Noor] |
* [http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/koh-i-noordiamond.html Famous Diamonds: The Koh-I-Noor] |
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{{sejarah-stub}} |
{{sejarah-stub}}{{Kekaisaran}} |
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[[Kategori:Sejarah Iran]] |
[[Kategori:Sejarah Iran]] |
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[[Kategori:Sejarah Afganistan]] |
[[Kategori:Sejarah Afganistan]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 19 Februari 2024 06.06
Kekaisaran Durrani | |||||||||||||||||
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1747–1823 | |||||||||||||||||
Bendera | |||||||||||||||||
Kekaisaran Durrani pada Periode kejayaannya | |||||||||||||||||
Ibu kota | Kandahar dan Kabul | ||||||||||||||||
Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Pashto (resmi) Persia dan Urdu (Lingua Franca) | ||||||||||||||||
Pemerintahan | Monarki | ||||||||||||||||
Amir | |||||||||||||||||
• 1747–1772 | Ahmad Shah Durrani | ||||||||||||||||
• 1819–1823 | Ayub Shah Durrani | ||||||||||||||||
Sejarah | |||||||||||||||||
• Didirikan | 1747 | ||||||||||||||||
• Dibubarkan | 1823 | ||||||||||||||||
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Sekarang bagian dari | Afganistan India Iran Pakistan Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Tajikistan | ||||||||||||||||
Kekaisaran Durrani (bahasa Pashtun: د درانیانو واکمني, juga disebut Kekaisaran Afghan[1][2]) adalah monarki yang berpusat di Afganistan. Wilayahnya meliputi Afganistan, Iran timur laut, Pakistan, dan wilayah Punjab di India.[3] Negara ini didirikan di Kandahar pada tahun 1747 oleh Ahmad Shah Durrani.[4] Setelah kematiannya pada tahun 1773, kekuasaan diserahkan kepada anak-anaknya, dan lalu cucunya, dan ibu kota dipindah ke Kabul
Dengan dukungan para kepala suku, Ahmad Shah Durrani mampu memperluas kekuasaan negerinya. Kekaisaran Afghanistan terbentang dari Meshed ke Kashmir dan Delhi, dan dari Amu Darya ke Laut Arab. Kekaisaran Durrani dianggap sebagai fondasi negara Afganistan saat ini,[5] dan Ahmad Shah Durrani dihormati sebagai "Bapak Bangsa" Afganistan.[6]
Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Last Afghan empire". Louis Dupree, Nancy Hatch Dupree and others. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Afghanistan (Archived)". John Ford Shroder. University of Nebraska. 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-10-31. Diakses tanggal 2010-03-21.
- ^ Friedrich Engels (1857). "Afghanistan". Andy Blunden. The New American Cyclopaedia, Vol. I. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Aḥmad Shah Durrānī". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Afghanistan". CIA. The World Factbook. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-09-20. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-25.
- ^ Ganḍā, Singh (1959). Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan. Asia Pub. House. hlm. 457. ISBN 1402172788, 9781402172786 Periksa nilai: invalid character
|isbn=
(bantuan). Diakses tanggal 2010-08-25.